The document summarizes a mini inverter circuit that converts 12V DC power to 220V AC power using a transformer. The circuit uses a CD4047 IC as an astable multivibrator to generate 180-degree out-of-phase 100Hz pulse trains that are amplified by transistors and used to drive an inverter transformer. The mini inverter can efficiently convert power from batteries or solar panels to run devices that require AC power, with applications including powering electronics in vehicles or operating small AC motors from a solar power system.

1. MINI INVERTER 12V TO
220V
GUIDEDBY: DR MARY VINAYA PRESENTED BY: ADHEENA.V.S
PERSIS ABEY
SHAMLA.K

2. OBJECTIVE
To convert a 12V DC power supply into a 240V AC output
using a transformer to step up the power to upto 1KW

3. MINI INVERTER
• It is a dc-to-ac power inverters which aim to efficiently transform
a DC power source into a high-voltage AC source similar to the
power that would be available at an electrical wall outlet.
• Inverters are used for many applications, s
• s in situations where low-voltage DC sources such as batteries, solar
panels, or fuel cells must be converted so that devices can run off of
AC power. One example of such a situation would be converting
electrical power from a car battery to run a laptop, TV, or cell phone.

4. WORKING PROCESS
1. The 100-watt inverter circuit uses a CD 4047 IC as an astable
multivibrator to generate two 180-degree out-of-phase 100 HZ pulse
trains.
2.The pulse trains are pre-amplified by two TIP122 transistors.
3.The pre-amplified signals are further amplified by four 2n3055
transistors, with two transistors used for each half cycle.
4.The amplified signals are used to drive an inverter transformer,
producing a 220v ac output at the transformer's secondary.

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR
INVERTER

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR
100W INVERTER

7. COMPONENTS
• CD4047BC
• BATTERY12V
• TRANSISTOR 1) TIP 122 2) TIP 3055
• PLUG5A
• SWITCH MCB
• TRANSFORMER(STEPUP)
• RESISTOR
• DIODE
• VARIABLEPORT(250K)
• CAPACITOR FUSE(10A)
• WIRES
• CMOS PLASTIC PACKAGE DIODE
• HEATSINK

8. COMPONENT DISCRIPTION
•CD4047BC
• The CD4047B IC can operate in mono-stable or
a-stable modes.
• In mono-stable mode, an external capacitor
and resistor are used to control the output
pulse width.
• In a-stable mode, the output frequency is
determined by the external timing components.
• A-stable operation is enabled by a high level
on the a-stable input or a low level on the
mono-stable input.
• The Q and Q outputs provide a frequency
determined by the timing components, while
the oscillator output offers double the
frequency of Q with an unspecified duty cycle.

9. •PLUG SOCKET
• The ring circuit system, also known as "ring main," is used to provide
a single-phase electrical supply for running single-phase motors.
• In a ring circuit, instead of individually wiring each socket, a cable is
brought from the distribution board and connected in sequence to
multiple sockets before returning to the distribution board and being
connected to the same fuse or circuit breaker.
• This setup results in significant copper savings in the wiring of the
circuit.
• The fuse or circuit breaker used in the distribution board must be
rated for the maximum current that the ring can carry, typically 30A
or 32A for a breaker.
• To ensure safety and proper operation, the plugs used to connect the

10. MCB(MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER)
• Their primary function is to detect fault conditions and immediately
interrupt the continuity of electrical flow.
• Circuit breakers are electrical switches that automatically protect circuits
from damage caused by overload or short circuit.
• Unlike fuses, which need to be replaced after operation, circuit breakers
can be manually or automatically reset to restore normal operations.
• Circuit breakers come in various sizes, ranging from small devices that
protect individual household appliances to large switchgear used to
safeguard high voltage circuits supplying entire cities.
• They play a crucial role in ensuring electrical safety by preventing
excessive current from flowing through a circuit, thus preventing
overheating, fire hazards, and damage to equipment.

11. •BATTERY 12V
• The inverter circuit is powered by a 12V rechargeable battery.
• The power input to the circuit is controlled by a relay that connects the
battery supply to the control circuit.
• A transistor (TR3) and a light-emitting diode (LED) are used to indicate
whether power is being supplied from the rechargeable battery through
the circuit or not.
• If power is passing through the circuit, a 5.1-volt zener diode activates
transistor CRR3, allowing current to flow and turning on the LED.
• The LED serves as a visual indicator to show that the power from the
rechargeable battery is being successfully transmitted through the
circuit.

12. •CMOS TRANSISTOR
•TIP122
• Medium power linear switching
applications.
• Complementary toTIP125/126/127

13. •TIP 3055/2N3055
• The 2N3055 transistor is a silicon NPN
power transistor designed for general-
purpose applications.
• RCA introduced the 2N3055 in the early
1960s, utilizing their "hometaxial" power
transistor process.
• As one of the pioneering silicon power
transistors, the 2N3055 was known for its
exceptional immunity to second
breakdown.
• The transistor found extensive use in
various applications, with a notable
presence in audio power amplifiers and
linear power supplies.
• Its superior characteristics, including
reliability and performance, made it a
popular choice for amplification and
power distribution in electronic circuits.

14. •TRANSFORMER
.
• The inverter in this design was intended to
provide power for residential or small
business sites.
• The power source for the inverter can be a
standalone system such as a fuel cell,
micro turbine, or solar cells.
• To align with standard practices for home
grid connection, the inverter produces a
single-phase three-wire output.
• In a typical utility system, the high voltage
from the three-phase power available at
the utility pole is transformed down to
120/240V using a center-tapped
transformer.
• The inverter's purpose is to replicate this
voltage conversion process, allowing it to
provide a compatible power output for
home connection.
• This configuration enables safe and
efficient power distribution in
residential systems,
accommodating the electrical
needs of homes and small
businesses.

15. APPLICATIONS
• This circuit can be used in cars and other vehicles to
charge small batteries
• This circuit can be used to drive low power AC motor
• It can be used in solar power system

16. THANK YOU