Minerals
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This document discusses the properties of minerals. It begins by defining a mineral as a naturally occurring solid substance that has a specific chemical composition and formula. It then outlines that minerals have physical, optical, and chemical properties. The document focuses on various physical properties of minerals such as hardness, luster, specific gravity, color, fracture, tenacity, streak, and cleavage. It provides details on how hardness and color are determined for minerals and explanations of streak and luster. The document also briefly mentions cleavage, fracture, specific gravity, and tenacity. It concludes by noting that minerals can be examined using light to study optical properties like refraction, dispersion, and birefringence.
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Minerology ppt
This document provides information about minerals and methods for studying their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring inorganic solid with specific physical properties and a definite chemical composition. Common rock-forming and economic minerals are described. The importance of mineralogy for civil engineering applications is outlined. Methods for studying minerals include examining their physical, chemical, optical, and atomic properties. Key physical properties discussed include form, color, streak, luster, fracture, cleavage, hardness, density, and transparency.
Physical Properties of Minerals
Minerals' physical properties that distinguish every mineral including:
Color
Streak
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Crystalline Structure
Luster
Others
and how to make difference between two minerals
MINERALOGY
Mineralogy
Definition of mineral, mineralogy, Importance of study of minerals: rock forming and ore forming minerals. Different methods of study of minerals. Study of minerals by physical identification method and their physical properties.Forms and Habits, Colour, Streak, Lustre, Fracture, Cleavage, Hardness, Specific Gravity, Degree of Transparency, Special Properties Determination of Physical properties of following minerals: Feldspar, Quartz, Flint, Jasper, Olivine, Augite, Hornblende, Muscovite, Biotite, Asbestos, Chlorite, Kyanite, Garnet, Talc, Calcite. Study of ore forming minerals such as Pyrite, Hematite, Magnetite, Amethyst, Galena, Pyrolusite, Graphite, Magnetite, and Bauxite, Coral reefs.
Importance of Mineral, Chemical Composition of Earth Crust, Structure of Silicates
Topic 2 minerals
The document provides an overview of minerals and their properties. It discusses that minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and crystal structures. It then covers various mineral groups including silicates, which are the most abundant mineral group composed of silica tetrahedra bonded together. Physical properties of minerals like crystal form, cleavage, luster, and hardness are also summarized as they are used to identify different minerals.
Basic Properties Of Minerals
The document discusses several key properties used to identify minerals, including:
1. Streak - the color of the powder a mineral leaves when scraped, which shows its true color.
2. Luster - how a mineral reflects light, either metallic, non-metallic, oily, or glassy.
3. Cleavage or fracture - whether a mineral breaks along flat planes or in jagged pieces.
It also covers density, hardness as measured by Moh's scale, and some additional properties like fluorescence, magnetism, and reactions to acid. Identifying these properties is important for determining what mineral a sample is.
Rock forming minerals
This document discusses how to identify minerals. It explains that minerals can be identified through simple observations of their color, luster, and crystal system shape. Color is the easiest to observe but least useful for identification because impurities can change it. Luster refers to how a mineral shines and includes metallic, vitreous, pearly, greasy, resinous, dull or brilliant. Crystal system shape refers to the geometric form minerals form in. Minerals can also be identified through simple tests of their streak, cleavage, fracture and hardness. The document provides details on each of these identification methods.
Physical properties of minerals
This lecture discusses the physical properties of minerals, which are important for identifying minerals macroscopically. Isotropic minerals have physical properties that are the same in all directions, while anisotropic minerals have properties that vary by crystallographic direction. Cleavage, fracture, hardness, specific gravity, and refractive index are described as physical properties related to a mineral's atomic structure, bonding forces, and chemical composition. Cleavage planes form along directions of lowest bond energy. Hardness is measured using the Mohs scale. Specific gravity expresses the ratio of a substance's weight to an equal volume of water. Refractive index is the ratio of light's velocity in a mineral to its velocity in air or a vacuum.
Mineral ppt 2
Minerals have four defining characteristics - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, have a definite chemical composition, and have an orderly internal atomic structure. Most minerals form as crystals, either from cooling magma underground or precipitating from solution. Mineral groups are classified based on their chemical composition, with silicates being the most common as they contain silicon and oxygen, the most abundant elements in Earth's crust. Several physical properties can be used to identify minerals, including hardness, specific gravity, luster, streak, cleavage, and unique optical or magnetic qualities.
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Minerology ppt
This document provides information about minerals and methods for studying their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring inorganic solid with specific physical properties and a definite chemical composition. Common rock-forming and economic minerals are described. The importance of mineralogy for civil engineering applications is outlined. Methods for studying minerals include examining their physical, chemical, optical, and atomic properties. Key physical properties discussed include form, color, streak, luster, fracture, cleavage, hardness, density, and transparency.
Physical Properties of Minerals
Minerals' physical properties that distinguish every mineral including:
Color
Streak
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Crystalline Structure
Luster
Others
and how to make difference between two minerals
MINERALOGY
Mineralogy
Definition of mineral, mineralogy, Importance of study of minerals: rock forming and ore forming minerals. Different methods of study of minerals. Study of minerals by physical identification method and their physical properties.Forms and Habits, Colour, Streak, Lustre, Fracture, Cleavage, Hardness, Specific Gravity, Degree of Transparency, Special Properties Determination of Physical properties of following minerals: Feldspar, Quartz, Flint, Jasper, Olivine, Augite, Hornblende, Muscovite, Biotite, Asbestos, Chlorite, Kyanite, Garnet, Talc, Calcite. Study of ore forming minerals such as Pyrite, Hematite, Magnetite, Amethyst, Galena, Pyrolusite, Graphite, Magnetite, and Bauxite, Coral reefs.
Importance of Mineral, Chemical Composition of Earth Crust, Structure of Silicates
Topic 2 minerals
The document provides an overview of minerals and their properties. It discusses that minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and crystal structures. It then covers various mineral groups including silicates, which are the most abundant mineral group composed of silica tetrahedra bonded together. Physical properties of minerals like crystal form, cleavage, luster, and hardness are also summarized as they are used to identify different minerals.
Basic Properties Of Minerals
The document discusses several key properties used to identify minerals, including:
1. Streak - the color of the powder a mineral leaves when scraped, which shows its true color.
2. Luster - how a mineral reflects light, either metallic, non-metallic, oily, or glassy.
3. Cleavage or fracture - whether a mineral breaks along flat planes or in jagged pieces.
It also covers density, hardness as measured by Moh's scale, and some additional properties like fluorescence, magnetism, and reactions to acid. Identifying these properties is important for determining what mineral a sample is.
Rock forming minerals
This document discusses how to identify minerals. It explains that minerals can be identified through simple observations of their color, luster, and crystal system shape. Color is the easiest to observe but least useful for identification because impurities can change it. Luster refers to how a mineral shines and includes metallic, vitreous, pearly, greasy, resinous, dull or brilliant. Crystal system shape refers to the geometric form minerals form in. Minerals can also be identified through simple tests of their streak, cleavage, fracture and hardness. The document provides details on each of these identification methods.
Physical properties of minerals
This lecture discusses the physical properties of minerals, which are important for identifying minerals macroscopically. Isotropic minerals have physical properties that are the same in all directions, while anisotropic minerals have properties that vary by crystallographic direction. Cleavage, fracture, hardness, specific gravity, and refractive index are described as physical properties related to a mineral's atomic structure, bonding forces, and chemical composition. Cleavage planes form along directions of lowest bond energy. Hardness is measured using the Mohs scale. Specific gravity expresses the ratio of a substance's weight to an equal volume of water. Refractive index is the ratio of light's velocity in a mineral to its velocity in air or a vacuum.
Mineral ppt 2
Minerals have four defining characteristics - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, have a definite chemical composition, and have an orderly internal atomic structure. Most minerals form as crystals, either from cooling magma underground or precipitating from solution. Mineral groups are classified based on their chemical composition, with silicates being the most common as they contain silicon and oxygen, the most abundant elements in Earth's crust. Several physical properties can be used to identify minerals, including hardness, specific gravity, luster, streak, cleavage, and unique optical or magnetic qualities.
Physical prop of minerals
This document discusses several properties of minerals including:
1. Colour and luster, which result from how light is absorbed and reflected by minerals. Colour can help identify minerals.
2. Habit refers to a mineral's general shape and growth patterns. Cleavage is when minerals break along smooth planar surfaces defined by their crystal structure.
3. Hardness relates to the strength of atomic bonds and can help identify minerals using Mohs scale. Specific gravity compares a mineral's weight to water's weight of the same volume.
4. Other properties discussed include heat conductivity, radioactivity, polymorphism, and pseudomorphism where one mineral takes the outward crystal form of another.
Minerals
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids that have a definite chemical composition and crystal structure. They form through geological processes such as cooling of magma or crystallization of dissolved materials. Minerals are identified based on properties like color, crystal structure, hardness, and density. They have many important economic uses in construction, technology, and everyday products.
Physical properties of minerals
Physical properties of minerals such as luster, cleavage, color, streak, hardness, fracture, transparency, magnetism, and tenacity.
Physical properties of minerals
This document discusses the important physical properties of minerals that mineralogists use to identify and categorize them. It outlines 9 key properties: color, streak, luster, structure, hardness, specific gravity, cleavage, fracture, and tenacity. Color, streak and luster provide visual clues, while properties like hardness and cleavage reveal information about a mineral's internal structure, density, and how it breaks along planes. Understanding a mineral's physical properties is an essential part of a mineralogist's work analyzing the thousands of minerals that make up the Earth's crust.
Physical Properties 3
The document provides an overview of the key concepts for identifying minerals, including their physical properties. It discusses that minerals must be naturally occurring, inorganic, have a definite crystalline structure, and chemical composition. It then covers several important physical properties for identification, including hardness based on Mohs scale, cleavage, fracture, streak (color as a powder), and luster (quality of reflected light). Examples are given for each property to illustrate how they can be used to identify unknown minerals. The document aims to teach the fundamental characteristics and tests used in mineral identification.
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This document provides an overview of the physical properties of minerals. It begins with an introduction defining minerals and dividing them into rock-forming and ore-forming categories. The main section then discusses 13 physical properties of minerals including color, streak, lustre, hardness, habit, cleavage, fracture, feel, tenacity, magnetism, fluorescence, specific gravity and form. Each property is explained and examples are provided. The document concludes with comparison tables showing properties of common minerals like pyrite, hematite, magnetite and bauxite.
Minerals
The document discusses minerals, their properties, and how they are classified. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solid substances with a crystal structure. All minerals share common characteristics - they form through natural processes, are not living, have a definite shape and volume, and are made of elements or compounds arranged in repeating crystal patterns. Minerals are grouped based on their chemical composition, with the most abundant group being silicates like quartz and mica. Physical properties like color, luster, hardness, cleavage/fracture, and specific gravity can be used to identify different minerals.
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This document provides information about minerals, including their formation, composition, properties, and crystal structures. It discusses how minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are made up of arrangements of atoms. There are over 2,500 known mineral types that are classified based on their chemical composition and crystalline structure. Common properties described for identifying minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape.
Earth science 1.2 : Identifying minerals
Minerals can be identified through several properties including color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, density, and special properties. Color is not always reliable since the same mineral can appear in different colors. Luster describes how a mineral reflects light in three categories: metallic, submetallic, and nonmetallic. Streak is the color of a mineral's powder and can differ from its solid color. Cleavage and fracture describe how minerals break, with cleavage along smooth planes and fracture along irregular surfaces. Hardness is measured on the Mohs scale and density measures mass per volume. Special properties like magnetism or fluorescence are unique identifiers for some minerals.
the different Rock forming minerals
This document discusses rock-forming minerals and mineral resources. It defines minerals as naturally occurring inorganic solids with crystalline structures and fixed or varying chemical compositions. Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and undergo geological processes to form rocks. Some rocks contain useful mineral resources like metals that are extracted. Metallic mineral resources include ferrous minerals like iron ore and non-ferrous minerals like gold and copper. Non-metallic mineral resources like coal, clay and salt are associated with sedimentary rocks. Examples of common rock-forming minerals discussed are quartz, pyrite and talc.
Minerals
Rocks and Minerals
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic compound with a unique chemical structure and physical properties.
A rock is a solid, stony mass composed of a combination of minerals or other organic compounds.
For example, quartz and feldspars are minerals, but when formed together, they make a rock, granite”
To determine if an Earth rock is a mineral, it should exhibit the following characteristics
Naturally occurring
Inorganic
Can be represented by a chemical formula
Crystalline structure
Solid
Most minerals form by inorganic processes but some, identical in all respects to inorganically formed minerals, are produced by organic processes
Transparency describes how well light passes through a mineral sample
There are three degrees of transparency: transparent, translucent, and opaque.
Habit of a mineral may be define as the size and shape of the crystal, and the structure of form shown by the crystal.
1. Accicular minerals showing needle like crystal. E.g. natrolite
2. Fibrous minerals showing an aggregate of long thin fibers. E.g. Asbestos
3. Tabular minerals showing bladed habit occur as small knife blades. E.g. Kyanite
4. Granular minerals which occur as aggregate of equidimensional grains. E.g. chromites
5. Pisolitic minerals which occur as aggregate of rounded grains of a pea size. E.g. oolite
6. Columnar minerals showing columnar crystal. E.g. tourmaline
Minerals strength determines how easy the mineral breaks or deforms when exposed to stress.
Reaction with Acid. Some minerals, especially carbonate minerals, react visibly with acid. (Usually, a dilute hydrochloric acid [HCl] is used.)
When a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on calcite, it readily bubbles or effervesces, releasing carbon dioxide
Minerals
This document discusses rock forming minerals and their properties. It defines what constitutes a mineral and compares minerals to rocks. It then describes several key physical properties of minerals that can be used for identification, including luster and transparency, color and streak, cleavage, fracture and parting, hardness, and density. Specific examples are provided to illustrate different types of each property. The document also notes that over 4000 minerals have been identified but only around 50 are abundant, with most composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. Minerals are classified based on their dominant anion such as silicates, carbonates, sulfides, oxides, sulfates and halides.
Mineralogy
This document discusses the mineralogy, describing the key physical properties of minerals including:
1. Color, streak, luster, transparency, form, hardness, fracture, and cleavage are some physical properties used to identify minerals. Properties like color, luster, and transparency depend on how light interacts with the mineral.
2. Minerals are classified based on their crystal structure and chemical composition into groups like the silicate, quartz, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica groups. Example minerals from each group like quartz, orthoclase, augite, hornblende, and muscovite are described.
3. Physical property tests and examinations of
Mineral identification ok1294991264
The document discusses several physical properties that can be used to identify minerals, including:
1) Appearance describes a mineral's color and luster. Gold has a yellow color and metallic luster.
2) Hardness is measured on the Mohs scale and describes how easily a mineral can be scratched. Gold is rated a 5-6 on the Mohs scale.
3) Specific gravity compares a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water. Gold's specific gravity is 19, meaning it is 19 times heavier than water.
Mineralogy
The document discusses mineralogy and provides information on different types of minerals. It defines mineralogy as the scientific study of minerals and their properties. Minerals are classified as rock-forming minerals or economic minerals. Common rock-forming minerals mentioned include quartz, feldspar, and flint. Economic minerals are those extracted for use, such as pyrite, hematite, and galena. The document also describes different methods for studying minerals, including examining their physical properties, chemical composition, optical properties, and x-ray crystal structure. Key physical properties used to identify minerals are discussed, such as color, lustre, hardness, cleavage, and fracture characteristics. Examples of physical property descriptions are provided for quartz, felds
WHS ES- Minerals
The document discusses the characteristics used to identify minerals. The five key characteristics are: 1) A mineral occurs naturally, has a definite chemical composition and atoms arranged in an orderly pattern. 2) The four most common minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica and calcite, with feldspar making up over 60% of the Earth's crust. 3) Additional characteristics like luster, streak, cleavage, hardness and crystal shape are used to distinguish between minerals that have similar properties. Color alone is not very useful for identifying minerals.
Properties of Minerals
This document provides information about minerals and their properties. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solids with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition. Minerals form through crystallization as magma or solutions cool. They can crystallize on the surface through evaporation or underground as magma cools. The size of mineral crystals depends on the cooling rate, with slower cooling deep underground producing larger crystals. Minerals have many uses including in jewelry, metals, construction materials, and tools. Metals are extracted from ores through mining and smelting to remove the metal.
Minerals
The document provides information about minerals, including their classification and identification. It defines what qualifies something as a mineral and lists the five criteria. Key points include: minerals have distinct chemical compositions and physical structures; they are classified based on their chemical makeup and crystal structure; silicate minerals are the most common and are made of silica tetrahedrons; physical properties like habit, luster, cleavage, hardness, color, and streak are used to identify unknown minerals. Mafic and felsic silicates are contrasted and different silicate mineral structures are described. Common non-silicate minerals are also named.
Minerals edited ppt
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and crystalline structures. The internal arrangement of atoms in minerals largely determines their physical and chemical properties, which can be used to identify them. Some key properties used to identify minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, density, cleavage, fracture, and crystal structure. Hardness refers to a mineral's resistance to scratching, not its brittleness, and is measured using Mohs scale.
Physical Properties of Minerals
Properties of minerals can be used to identify them, including color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, specific gravity, acid test, crystals, and special properties. Color is not always reliable since many minerals can be the same color or a mineral can come in different colors. A mineral's luster refers to how it shines and can be metallic, non-metallic, vitreous, or pearly. Hardness is measured on Mohs scale from 1 to 10 based on which materials can scratch the mineral. Special properties include traits like magnetism, radioactivity, or fluorescence under UV light that are unique to certain minerals.
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Physical prop of minerals
This document discusses several properties of minerals including:
1. Colour and luster, which result from how light is absorbed and reflected by minerals. Colour can help identify minerals.
2. Habit refers to a mineral's general shape and growth patterns. Cleavage is when minerals break along smooth planar surfaces defined by their crystal structure.
3. Hardness relates to the strength of atomic bonds and can help identify minerals using Mohs scale. Specific gravity compares a mineral's weight to water's weight of the same volume.
4. Other properties discussed include heat conductivity, radioactivity, polymorphism, and pseudomorphism where one mineral takes the outward crystal form of another.
Minerals
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids that have a definite chemical composition and crystal structure. They form through geological processes such as cooling of magma or crystallization of dissolved materials. Minerals are identified based on properties like color, crystal structure, hardness, and density. They have many important economic uses in construction, technology, and everyday products.
Physical properties of minerals
Physical properties of minerals such as luster, cleavage, color, streak, hardness, fracture, transparency, magnetism, and tenacity.
Physical properties of minerals
This document discusses the important physical properties of minerals that mineralogists use to identify and categorize them. It outlines 9 key properties: color, streak, luster, structure, hardness, specific gravity, cleavage, fracture, and tenacity. Color, streak and luster provide visual clues, while properties like hardness and cleavage reveal information about a mineral's internal structure, density, and how it breaks along planes. Understanding a mineral's physical properties is an essential part of a mineralogist's work analyzing the thousands of minerals that make up the Earth's crust.
Physical Properties 3
The document provides an overview of the key concepts for identifying minerals, including their physical properties. It discusses that minerals must be naturally occurring, inorganic, have a definite crystalline structure, and chemical composition. It then covers several important physical properties for identification, including hardness based on Mohs scale, cleavage, fracture, streak (color as a powder), and luster (quality of reflected light). Examples are given for each property to illustrate how they can be used to identify unknown minerals. The document aims to teach the fundamental characteristics and tests used in mineral identification.
MINERALS
This document provides an overview of the physical properties of minerals. It begins with an introduction defining minerals and dividing them into rock-forming and ore-forming categories. The main section then discusses 13 physical properties of minerals including color, streak, lustre, hardness, habit, cleavage, fracture, feel, tenacity, magnetism, fluorescence, specific gravity and form. Each property is explained and examples are provided. The document concludes with comparison tables showing properties of common minerals like pyrite, hematite, magnetite and bauxite.
Minerals
The document discusses minerals, their properties, and how they are classified. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solid substances with a crystal structure. All minerals share common characteristics - they form through natural processes, are not living, have a definite shape and volume, and are made of elements or compounds arranged in repeating crystal patterns. Minerals are grouped based on their chemical composition, with the most abundant group being silicates like quartz and mica. Physical properties like color, luster, hardness, cleavage/fracture, and specific gravity can be used to identify different minerals.
Chapter 5 minerals
This document provides information about minerals, including their formation, composition, properties, and crystal structures. It discusses how minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are made up of arrangements of atoms. There are over 2,500 known mineral types that are classified based on their chemical composition and crystalline structure. Common properties described for identifying minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape.
Earth science 1.2 : Identifying minerals
Minerals can be identified through several properties including color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, density, and special properties. Color is not always reliable since the same mineral can appear in different colors. Luster describes how a mineral reflects light in three categories: metallic, submetallic, and nonmetallic. Streak is the color of a mineral's powder and can differ from its solid color. Cleavage and fracture describe how minerals break, with cleavage along smooth planes and fracture along irregular surfaces. Hardness is measured on the Mohs scale and density measures mass per volume. Special properties like magnetism or fluorescence are unique identifiers for some minerals.
the different Rock forming minerals
This document discusses rock-forming minerals and mineral resources. It defines minerals as naturally occurring inorganic solids with crystalline structures and fixed or varying chemical compositions. Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and undergo geological processes to form rocks. Some rocks contain useful mineral resources like metals that are extracted. Metallic mineral resources include ferrous minerals like iron ore and non-ferrous minerals like gold and copper. Non-metallic mineral resources like coal, clay and salt are associated with sedimentary rocks. Examples of common rock-forming minerals discussed are quartz, pyrite and talc.
Minerals
Rocks and Minerals
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic compound with a unique chemical structure and physical properties.
A rock is a solid, stony mass composed of a combination of minerals or other organic compounds.
For example, quartz and feldspars are minerals, but when formed together, they make a rock, granite”
To determine if an Earth rock is a mineral, it should exhibit the following characteristics
Naturally occurring
Inorganic
Can be represented by a chemical formula
Crystalline structure
Solid
Most minerals form by inorganic processes but some, identical in all respects to inorganically formed minerals, are produced by organic processes
Transparency describes how well light passes through a mineral sample
There are three degrees of transparency: transparent, translucent, and opaque.
Habit of a mineral may be define as the size and shape of the crystal, and the structure of form shown by the crystal.
1. Accicular minerals showing needle like crystal. E.g. natrolite
2. Fibrous minerals showing an aggregate of long thin fibers. E.g. Asbestos
3. Tabular minerals showing bladed habit occur as small knife blades. E.g. Kyanite
4. Granular minerals which occur as aggregate of equidimensional grains. E.g. chromites
5. Pisolitic minerals which occur as aggregate of rounded grains of a pea size. E.g. oolite
6. Columnar minerals showing columnar crystal. E.g. tourmaline
Minerals strength determines how easy the mineral breaks or deforms when exposed to stress.
Reaction with Acid. Some minerals, especially carbonate minerals, react visibly with acid. (Usually, a dilute hydrochloric acid [HCl] is used.)
When a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on calcite, it readily bubbles or effervesces, releasing carbon dioxide
Minerals
This document discusses rock forming minerals and their properties. It defines what constitutes a mineral and compares minerals to rocks. It then describes several key physical properties of minerals that can be used for identification, including luster and transparency, color and streak, cleavage, fracture and parting, hardness, and density. Specific examples are provided to illustrate different types of each property. The document also notes that over 4000 minerals have been identified but only around 50 are abundant, with most composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. Minerals are classified based on their dominant anion such as silicates, carbonates, sulfides, oxides, sulfates and halides.
Mineralogy
This document discusses the mineralogy, describing the key physical properties of minerals including:
1. Color, streak, luster, transparency, form, hardness, fracture, and cleavage are some physical properties used to identify minerals. Properties like color, luster, and transparency depend on how light interacts with the mineral.
2. Minerals are classified based on their crystal structure and chemical composition into groups like the silicate, quartz, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica groups. Example minerals from each group like quartz, orthoclase, augite, hornblende, and muscovite are described.
3. Physical property tests and examinations of
Mineral identification ok1294991264
The document discusses several physical properties that can be used to identify minerals, including:
1) Appearance describes a mineral's color and luster. Gold has a yellow color and metallic luster.
2) Hardness is measured on the Mohs scale and describes how easily a mineral can be scratched. Gold is rated a 5-6 on the Mohs scale.
3) Specific gravity compares a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water. Gold's specific gravity is 19, meaning it is 19 times heavier than water.
Mineralogy
The document discusses mineralogy and provides information on different types of minerals. It defines mineralogy as the scientific study of minerals and their properties. Minerals are classified as rock-forming minerals or economic minerals. Common rock-forming minerals mentioned include quartz, feldspar, and flint. Economic minerals are those extracted for use, such as pyrite, hematite, and galena. The document also describes different methods for studying minerals, including examining their physical properties, chemical composition, optical properties, and x-ray crystal structure. Key physical properties used to identify minerals are discussed, such as color, lustre, hardness, cleavage, and fracture characteristics. Examples of physical property descriptions are provided for quartz, felds
WHS ES- Minerals
The document discusses the characteristics used to identify minerals. The five key characteristics are: 1) A mineral occurs naturally, has a definite chemical composition and atoms arranged in an orderly pattern. 2) The four most common minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica and calcite, with feldspar making up over 60% of the Earth's crust. 3) Additional characteristics like luster, streak, cleavage, hardness and crystal shape are used to distinguish between minerals that have similar properties. Color alone is not very useful for identifying minerals.
Properties of Minerals
This document provides information about minerals and their properties. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solids with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition. Minerals form through crystallization as magma or solutions cool. They can crystallize on the surface through evaporation or underground as magma cools. The size of mineral crystals depends on the cooling rate, with slower cooling deep underground producing larger crystals. Minerals have many uses including in jewelry, metals, construction materials, and tools. Metals are extracted from ores through mining and smelting to remove the metal.
Minerals
The document provides information about minerals, including their classification and identification. It defines what qualifies something as a mineral and lists the five criteria. Key points include: minerals have distinct chemical compositions and physical structures; they are classified based on their chemical makeup and crystal structure; silicate minerals are the most common and are made of silica tetrahedrons; physical properties like habit, luster, cleavage, hardness, color, and streak are used to identify unknown minerals. Mafic and felsic silicates are contrasted and different silicate mineral structures are described. Common non-silicate minerals are also named.
Minerals edited ppt
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and crystalline structures. The internal arrangement of atoms in minerals largely determines their physical and chemical properties, which can be used to identify them. Some key properties used to identify minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, density, cleavage, fracture, and crystal structure. Hardness refers to a mineral's resistance to scratching, not its brittleness, and is measured using Mohs scale.
Physical Properties of Minerals
Properties of minerals can be used to identify them, including color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, specific gravity, acid test, crystals, and special properties. Color is not always reliable since many minerals can be the same color or a mineral can come in different colors. A mineral's luster refers to how it shines and can be metallic, non-metallic, vitreous, or pearly. Hardness is measured on Mohs scale from 1 to 10 based on which materials can scratch the mineral. Special properties include traits like magnetism, radioactivity, or fluorescence under UV light that are unique to certain minerals.
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2. An extranet extends an organization's intranet to external partners, suppliers, and customers. It uses the same internet technologies and security measures as an intranet.
3. Both intranets and extranets provide advantages like low costs, easy access to information, and improved communication and collaboration. However, they also pose security and information overload risks that must be managed.
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Developing an Intranet Strategy
Building or redesigning an intranet in 2016? Most intranet managers have an idea of where they want to go, but few have a formalized strategy and roadmap.
Your strategy is a plan about how to take action.
This presentation from intranet expert Steve Bynghall gives you a highly practical framework to derive and articulate your intranet strategy. Whether you’re part of a team with a new intranet project or the business owner of a stale and stagnant intranet, you'll find this presentation valuable..
Highlights:
What is an intranet strategy and why do you need one?
The importance of being objective: the discovery phase
Research sources: data inputs, stakeholder analysis, other sources
Formalizing the strategy and action plan
Communicating and socializing the strategy
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- 2. DIFFERENT TYPES OF MINERALS
- 4. PICTURE OF MINERALS Physical use Optical use Chemical use
- 6. HARDNESS AND COLOUR Hardness-The hardness of a mineral defines how much it can resist scratching. This physical property is controlled by the chemical composition and crystalline structure of a mineral. Colour-Colour is the most obvious property of a mineral, but it is often non-diagnostic.It is caused by electromagnetic radiation interacting with electrons.
- 7. STREAK AND LUSTER Streak-When minerals are scratched, the powder that is made by the scratch is called the streak. Luster-Luster is a description of the way a mineral surface looks when light reflects off of the surface.
- 9. SPECIFIC GRAVITY Specific gravity-Specific Gravity is a measure of the density of a mineral compared to the density of an equal volume of water. Tenacity-The behaviour of a mineral towards the forces that tend to break,bend,cut,or crush it is described by the term tenacity.
- 10. OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS Light Total reflection Double refraction Ordinary light Dispersion Birefringence Polarised light Refractive index Isotropic substance