Mesopotamian society was strictly hierarchical, with slaves at the bottom. Slaves could be prisoners of war or people in debt, and had no legal rights. Commoners, who made up 85% of the population, were mostly farmers who paid taxes. Merchants invented writing to record trades and exported goods as far as Egypt. Scribes were educated and literate, working for the government. Priests controlled land distribution and were influential due to religion. The king was the highest position in society and had absolute power.