Meniere’s disease - named for its discoverer, the nineteenth-century.pdf
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Meniere’s disease - named for its discoverer, the nineteenth-century French physical Prosper Meniere - is associated with a build-up of fluid in the inner ear and is also known as endolymphatic hydrops. Symptoms of Meniere’s disease include episodic attacks of vertigo, nausea, and tinnitus, accompanied by hearing loss and a feeling of fullness in the ears. Vertigo is a false sensation of spinning movement that patients often describe as dizziness. Question 1: In which part of the brain is sensory information about equilibrium processed? Are there any accessory areas that aid in equilibrium sensation and processing? Which of the special senses organs play a role in regulating equilibrium? Solution Answer: Brain stem is composed of midbrain and hind brain. Hind brain and fore brain is connected by midbrain.The hind part of the brain composed of myelencephalon and metencephalon.Pons and cerebellum are the special structures present in the metencephalon, which assist in equilibrium and coordination and pass sensory information..
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Solution
Thanks for the question.
1.Nerves are made up of bundles of axons
2. The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system consisting o.
Brain
The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs in the human body. It is made up of more than 100 billion nerves that communicate in trillions of connections called synapses. ... The cortex is the outermost layer of brain cells
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On this image, please label all marked structures Definedescribe t.pdf
On this image, please label all marked structures: Define/describe the following vocabulary
words pertaining to your Senses optic disc rightarrow Accommodation rightarrow Olfactory
Glomeruli rightarrow Photoreceptor Rods rightarrow Bone Deafness rightarrow Visual Acuity
rightarrow
Solution
1. Marked structures should be labeled as follows;
Left side marks (from top to bottom):
(a) Optic nerve
(b) Retina
(c) Choroid
(d) Sclera
Right side marks (from top to bottom)
(a) Lens
(b) Cornea
(c) Iris
(d) Ciliary body
2. Definitions of terminologies given;
(a) Optic Disc: Optic disc is the point of exit of ganglion cell axons from the eye. It is a blind
spot in the eye, as there are no rods and cone cells present on it. These ganglion cell axonsafter
leaving the eye form the optic nerve. Therefore, optic disc is also known as optic nerve head.
(b) Accomodation: Accomodation is considered as the reflex action of eye, i.e, the way one can
focus on nearby or distant object, thereby changing optical power frequently to maintain the
clear image of the object. In this manner, the shape of lens and and pupil size changes frequently.
(c) Olfactory glomeruli: Olfactory glomeruli is the point at which the information from the axons
of olfactory receptor neurons is received; the synapses are formed between the terminal end of
olfactory nerve with dendrites of mitral, tufted cells and periglomerular. It is a structure located
in the olfactory bulb in the mammalian central nervous system. Olfactory glomeruli are sperical
in shape.
(d) Photoreceptor rods: Phtotoreceptor rods are the cells in the retina of the eye that help in clear
sight in dim light. They are located towards the outer edges of the retina. They are present in
millions, and are more sensitive than cone cells.
(e) Bone deafness: Sond waves are conducted from outer ear, tympanic membrane to inner ear
through middle ear ossicles. In case of problems that lead blocking of conduction of sound waves
from outer to inner ear, leads to conductive hearing loss, also known as bone deafness. In such
cases, passage of sound across the ear drum and the inner ear is blocked.
(f) Visual Acuity: It refers to the \'clarity of vision\', which depends on both optical and neural
factors, such as focal capacity of retina, clarity of lens, interpretative functioning of the brain..
Iodine serves as a mordant in the Gram stain procedure. What is the .pdf
Iodine serves as a mordant in the Gram stain procedure. What is the best explanation of iodine\'s
role in the Gram stain?
Iodine will wash the primary stain from the cell wall of the bacteria.
Iodine will stain any organisms that lose the primary stain after rinsing with alcohol.
Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that becomes
trapped in the cell wall.
Iodine is used to fix the specimen to the glass slide in case the fixing stepA.
Iodine will wash the primary stain from the cell wall of the bacteria.B.
Iodine will stain any organisms that lose the primary stain after rinsing with alcohol.C.
Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that becomes
trapped in the cell wall.D.
Iodine is used to fix the specimen to the glass slide in case the fixing step
Solution
C). Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that
becomes trapped in the cell wall.
The components of Gram staining are listed below:
1). Crystal violet – It is a positively charged dye, These positively charged and coloured ions
bind to the negatively charged cell membrane of the bacteria and imparts colour to the bacterial
cell wall.
2). Iodine is the stabilizing mordant. The mordant allows the fixation of primary stain (crystal
violet) with the test sample.
3). Ethanol removes the excess stain
4). Safranin is the counter stain, which is applied to stain the cells which loss the purple stain..
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1. Medial motor root.
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causes a loss of coordination disturbed sleep patterns aphasia an inability to remember recent
events Impaired hearing could result from damage to the _____ lobes of the brain. frontal
temporal occipital. Parietal Structures m the brain that play a mayor rote m producing emotion
and motivating behavior are called the thalamic branch of the RAS Cerebellar actuating system
medial brainstem limbic system Which of the following parts of the brain is most involved m
forming lasting memories? Amygdale hippocampus thalamus hypothalamus the endocrine
gland that most influences the activities of other glands is the pituitary adrenal pineal thyroid
Dwarfism and gigantism can be caused by problems in the pituitary gland adrenal glands
pineal gland thyroid gland A majority of both right-handed and left-handed people produce
speech from the right brain hemisphere corpus callosum left brain hemisphere hippocampus
One consistent finding about left-handed people is that they are less lateralized more likely to
die at an early age unable to use the right brain to produce language usually also ambidextrous
Solution
Thanks for the question.
1.Nerves are made up of bundles of axons
2. The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system consisting o.
Brain
The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs in the human body. It is made up of more than 100 billion nerves that communicate in trillions of connections called synapses. ... The cortex is the outermost layer of brain cells
introduction to central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous system is so named because it integrates information it receives from, and coordinates and influences the activity of, all parts of the bodies
Brain
The human brain is the command center for the nervous system.It receives signals from the bodys sensory organs and outputs information to the muscles.
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Nerves are made up of bundles of dendrites neurotransmitters synap.pdf
Nerves are made up of bundles of dendrites neurotransmitters synap.pdf
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On this image, please label all marked structures Definedescribe t.pdf
On this image, please label all marked structures: Define/describe the following vocabulary
words pertaining to your Senses optic disc rightarrow Accommodation rightarrow Olfactory
Glomeruli rightarrow Photoreceptor Rods rightarrow Bone Deafness rightarrow Visual Acuity
rightarrow
Solution
1. Marked structures should be labeled as follows;
Left side marks (from top to bottom):
(a) Optic nerve
(b) Retina
(c) Choroid
(d) Sclera
Right side marks (from top to bottom)
(a) Lens
(b) Cornea
(c) Iris
(d) Ciliary body
2. Definitions of terminologies given;
(a) Optic Disc: Optic disc is the point of exit of ganglion cell axons from the eye. It is a blind
spot in the eye, as there are no rods and cone cells present on it. These ganglion cell axonsafter
leaving the eye form the optic nerve. Therefore, optic disc is also known as optic nerve head.
(b) Accomodation: Accomodation is considered as the reflex action of eye, i.e, the way one can
focus on nearby or distant object, thereby changing optical power frequently to maintain the
clear image of the object. In this manner, the shape of lens and and pupil size changes frequently.
(c) Olfactory glomeruli: Olfactory glomeruli is the point at which the information from the axons
of olfactory receptor neurons is received; the synapses are formed between the terminal end of
olfactory nerve with dendrites of mitral, tufted cells and periglomerular. It is a structure located
in the olfactory bulb in the mammalian central nervous system. Olfactory glomeruli are sperical
in shape.
(d) Photoreceptor rods: Phtotoreceptor rods are the cells in the retina of the eye that help in clear
sight in dim light. They are located towards the outer edges of the retina. They are present in
millions, and are more sensitive than cone cells.
(e) Bone deafness: Sond waves are conducted from outer ear, tympanic membrane to inner ear
through middle ear ossicles. In case of problems that lead blocking of conduction of sound waves
from outer to inner ear, leads to conductive hearing loss, also known as bone deafness. In such
cases, passage of sound across the ear drum and the inner ear is blocked.
(f) Visual Acuity: It refers to the \'clarity of vision\', which depends on both optical and neural
factors, such as focal capacity of retina, clarity of lens, interpretative functioning of the brain..
Iodine serves as a mordant in the Gram stain procedure. What is the .pdf
Iodine serves as a mordant in the Gram stain procedure. What is the best explanation of iodine\'s
role in the Gram stain?
Iodine will wash the primary stain from the cell wall of the bacteria.
Iodine will stain any organisms that lose the primary stain after rinsing with alcohol.
Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that becomes
trapped in the cell wall.
Iodine is used to fix the specimen to the glass slide in case the fixing stepA.
Iodine will wash the primary stain from the cell wall of the bacteria.B.
Iodine will stain any organisms that lose the primary stain after rinsing with alcohol.C.
Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that becomes
trapped in the cell wall.D.
Iodine is used to fix the specimen to the glass slide in case the fixing step
Solution
C). Iodine binds to the primary stain and forms a large crystal violet-iodine complex that
becomes trapped in the cell wall.
The components of Gram staining are listed below:
1). Crystal violet – It is a positively charged dye, These positively charged and coloured ions
bind to the negatively charged cell membrane of the bacteria and imparts colour to the bacterial
cell wall.
2). Iodine is the stabilizing mordant. The mordant allows the fixation of primary stain (crystal
violet) with the test sample.
3). Ethanol removes the excess stain
4). Safranin is the counter stain, which is applied to stain the cells which loss the purple stain..
In the days before refrigeration, a common practice to preserve me.pdf
In the days before refrigeration, a common practice to preserve meat was to add a lot of salt to
the meat. Why was this a relatively effective technique?
In the days before refrigeration, a common practice to preserve meat was to add a lot of salt to
the meat. Why was this a relatively effective technique?
Solution
Answer:
Using a salt was one way to preserve meat without electricity. Salt creates hypertonic conditions
causing exocytosis of water from bacterial cells, the cells lose water until they reach a state
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organization.
In this assignment, research and summarize how databases are accessed by employees in an
organization. The questions that the assignment paper should answer include, but are not limited
to:
Solution
Successful knowledge management programs often begin by addressing a critical business
problem facing the company. However, many firms fail to align their knowledge efforts with
their most pressing business issues. When this occurs, significant time and effort is spent on
projects that have minimal impact, while key needs are not addressed or are completely
overlooked.
It is the hierarchical system that gives direction to and imposes restrictions upon the flow of
communications. Management decisions and directions flow from higher to lower levels in the
organization.Responses and reports from the lower level managers flow upward in the
organization. Managers also spend time communicating with their peers. Therefore, we see from
the outset that communications must function effectively in a lateral direction, as well as
downward and upward.
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level. This makes it impossible to imagine a purely local context or public for anything that
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sensed that they inhabited the intellectual margins of the contemporary world simply because of
the nature of geo-political arrangements, we know that nothing can be quite as debilitating as the
constant production of proof of one\'s significance. The Internet has changed this one fact
comprehensively. The significance, worth or import of one\'s statements is no longer
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clicking on links and using the menu to navigate us through our activity on that page. Using
middleware, the web server passes a request on to a database query and the information is stored
and passed along to the database server. The database server then uses this information to direct
the page to where it was intended to go. CGI Script is another way information is passed along.
They use instructions via a programming language and accept and return the websites data to the
user. Active server pages are yet another example of scripts used commonly on websites. They
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Solution
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// Your code goes here
Double mean = 0.0;
int total = 0;
int count = 0;
for(int i=0; i.
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If the elasticity of ethyl alcohol and water are 1.06*10^9 Pa and 2.15*10^9 Pa respectively,
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(what coesfficientss of relatedness between males would we expect)? r = (0.42 plus or minus
0.07)
2. There is a possibility of half-brothers (r=0.25). For maternal half-brothers (same mother,
different father), what is the chance they share an autozygous allele via a male parent? A female
parent? (don\'t overthink this!) letters to nature kinship facilitates indirect fitness benefit for lo
ranked males male (Tab This value is an underestimate to the extent that high because female
visitation often increases at larger leks, thereby relatedness makes more difficult to assign
paternity to males in ght settle at one lek. her than coalitions (see Methods explaining why a
male ma 3-14. No cmpil rical study has yet quantified this kin-selected hypothesis is that the
benefit due to differ another An al benefi ive to alternative benefits such as low freq uencies of
dividual quality of dominan her than the hel males ra ngs or future inheritance of d ded by the f
this were true, one eir subordinate partner(s mat ominant positions provi Wild turkeys the few
uld predict a diffe rence in the distributions eagris gallopavo) are a reproductive species o birds
to forma male display partnerships within larger display success between dominant and solitary
males, and that there aggregations. Male turkeys fo rm coalitions of two to fo uld be difference
betwe en the success of presumed ur same e or no aged males that court females and defend
those females against high-quality males that successfully reproduce, whether they are in a ary
males. A previous observational study ominant member of a coal other groups and so on or
display as a sol tary individual found that only one male in each coalition mates. The authors of
Contrary to these predictions, both dominants and solitary males that study believed that coal ons
were composed of brothers show bimodal distributions of reproductive success, with n sibling
nestmates thereby providing the relatedness necessary o dominant males and n ary males not
reproducing at all. 10 so accrue indirect fitness benefits. Although this work was published When
only the presumably high-quality males that reproduce are ong before molecular techniques were
available to measure related used to calculate the average fitness of dominant and solitary males,
ness and reproductive success directly and has been questioned on the dominant males father
significantly more offspring (49) than do other grounds, the story remains a well-cited example
of kin solitary males (13) (Mann-Whitney U 4 for 0.5, P 0.026, n both groups), and the benefit
Bincreases to 9.0 offspring per male Selection Here I show that kin-selected indirect fitness
benefits do in fact rather than decreases (Table Thus kin selec.
For graph to the right Amplitude Midline Period Equation using.pdf
For graph to the right Amplitude: Midline: Period: Equation using sine: Equation using
cosine:
Solution
a) amplitude =|(1-(-7))|/2 =4
b) mid line y=[1+(-7)]/2
y=-3
c)period =3-(-1)=4
d)equation using sine :
vertical shift D=-3
period =2/B=4 =>B=/2
y =4sin((/2)x) -3
d)equation using cosine
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period =2/B=4 =>B=/2
phase shift =-C/B=1 =>C=-B=>C =-/2
y =4cos((/2)x-(/2)) -3.
Explain what exactly is going on with this picture. SolutionIn.pdf
Explain what exactly is going on with this picture.
Solution
In this picture
Clearly shows
Prime numbers
And they are indicated circles
without any inner lines
Remaining composite numbers
Are indicated how many
Factors are indicated
in the circle
And also tables (multiplicative )
Are shown in the below circles.
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Do you agree that rich countries have systematically impoverished low-income countries,
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Solution
Yes. Here we explains the idea of dependency to understand the above informations.
Dependency theory
The dependency theory explains that global poverty atleast partially be attributed the fact that the
low income countries have been exploited by the higher income countries. According to
dependency theorist, After the world capitalism, the rich countries are always impoverished low
income countries and their people. We know that the economic growth is key to economic
development. When economic development is happend the income and standered of living of the
peoples are increased.
When the low income countries are trapped the dependency on the richer nations then they have
loss their entire economic control..
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Differentiate between physical and chemical methods used to control microbial growth; and
give 5 examples of each (Chapter 7). Describe pre-translational control through an inducible
operon, a repressible operon, positive regulation and epigenetic control and describe post-
transcriptional control (Chapter 8). Describe the three mechanisms whereby genes are
transferred from one bacterium to another (Chapter 8). Describe a typical genetic modification
procedure (Chapter 9). Identify 8 different pharmaceutical products of rDNA produced by E.
coli (Chapter 9) Identify 5 different pharmaceutical products of rDNA produced by S. cerevisiae
(yeast) (Chapter 9). Identify 7 different pharmaceutical products of rDNA produced by
mammalian cell culture (Chapter 9).
Solution
Q.NO I
Methods used to manage the growth of microbial growth could be placed into two broad
categories, physical and chemical. Physical methods either exclude microbes, or reduce their
numbers in a remedy, or at first glance of a fomite Examples for physical methods: heat, drying
or desiccation, filtration and radiation. Chemical methods involve the application of specific
chemical agents which inhibit growth or kill microbes on fomites or the outer lining of skin. The
choice of a suitable technique is essential, since many physical and chemical agents can cause
damage to the cells and tissues of the individual along with the microbe. Examples : detergents,
solvents, oxidizing agents and heavy metals.
Q.No III
Positive transcriptional control requires an activator protein to stimulate transcription at the
operon. In negative control, a repressor protein inhibits or turns off transcription at the operon.
An inducible operon normally is not transcribed. It needs an inducer molecule to stimulate
transcription either by inactivating a repressor protein in a negative inducible operon or by
stimulating the activator protein in a confident inducible operon. Transcription normally occurs
in a repressible operon. In a repressible operon, transcription is turned off either by the repressor
becoming active in a negative repressible operon or by the activator becoming inactive in a
confident repressible operon.
Q.No IV
Genetic transfer is the mechanism by which DNA is transferred from a donar to a recipient. Once
donar DNA is inside the recipient, crossing over can occur. The result is just a recombinant cell
that\'s a genome different from either the donar or the recipient. In bacteria genetic transfer can
happen three ways:
Transformation - horizontal gene transfer\' \', where exogenous genetic material passes from
bacterium to another.
Transduction - DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another with a virus. Additionally it
refers to the method whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell using a viral vector.
Conjugation - is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell
contact or with a bridge-like connection between two cells. It is just a mecha.
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Describe the complexities stemming from U. S.-based companies operating in an international
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Solution
Answer:
we can discuss the main complexities stemming from U. S.-based companies operating in an
international environment.
Company has risk associated to settle its accounts in different currency from the U. S. dollars.
Such company have complexities for translation of the financial statements prepared with foreign
currency.
Every country has different accounting standered so these company has to face the differences in
particular nation\'s accounting standards.
Such U. S.-based companies operating in an international environment may have complexities
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likely
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floor?
Solution
Note that
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P(all unique) = 6720/32768
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Solution
Hi, I wrote function in C++.
// function to print linked list in reverse order from node P to node Q
// lets assume that structure of Node is:
struct Node{
Node *next;
int data;
};
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// if list is empty
if(p == NULL)
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Solution
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inactive or \"junk\" DNA..
Why does salt dissolve in waterThe positive charges of sodium (Na.pdf
Why does salt dissolve in water?
The positive charges of sodium (Na) and the negative charges of chloride (Cl) interact with water
molecules
The NaCl molecules form covalent bonds with the surrounding water molecules
The water molecules are attracted to the nonpolar bonds of the sodium and chloride ions
The ionic bond between the sodium ion and chloride ion is strong
None of the above
Why does salt dissolve in water?A.
The positive charges of sodium (Na) and the negative charges of chloride (Cl) interact with
water moleculesB.
The NaCl molecules form covalent bonds with the surrounding water moleculesC.
The water molecules are attracted to the nonpolar bonds of the sodium and chloride ionsD.
The ionic bond between the sodium ion and chloride ion is strongE.
None of the above
Solution
Answer from the above options is A PART
When we try to dissolve an ionic compound by stirring it in water, the positive poles of the water
molecules are attracted to the anions, while the negative poles of other water molecules are
attracted to the cations, so the polar water molecules \"pull\" the ions out of a crystal. As a result
of these interactions, the ionic bonds eventually break and ions are released into the water. When
the salt is dissolved, every ion is surrounded by water molecules, creating a kind of concentric
shells of polar water molecules centered around the ions. (They also look like petals of a daisy).
This process is called \"hydration.\"
The hydration of its ions causes a salt crystal to break apart (dissolve) in the water. Therefore,
when table salt (NaCl) is dissolved, two hydrated ions appear in the water: a positively cation
Na+ and a negative charged anion Cl-. Each is surrounded with a shell of closely attracted water
molecules that prevent the ions from reconciling into a crystal again.
These watery shells prevent the ions from getting together again into a solid. Hydrated ions
jostles around the solution, dispersing evenly in the solution and causing the particles to
disappear from view as they are spreading within the solution. The hydrated ions are so small
that we cannot see them even with a strong microscope. and therefore we see the process as a
disappearance of particles from view as the dissolving progresses.
Different ions can attract different number of water molecules into the \"watery shell\" because
they can have different strength (density) of their charge. The density of the charge depends on
the ratio of charge to surface area of an ion; the larger the ratio, the larger the hydration number
will be..
Which of the terms below is most appropriate for describing the natu.pdf
Which of the terms below is most appropriate for describing the nature of the transfer function?
Voltage gain
Transadmittance
Transimpedancea.
Voltage gainb.
Transadmittancec.
Transimpedanced.
Current gain
Solution
Ans) C Transinmpedance
because transfer function represents Vo(s)/Ii(s) = Z(Impedance) so it is a Transimpedance
Transfer function.
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What was the type of donor cell if the recipient genotype changes but it does not become a
donor?a) Fb) F+c) Hfrd) F
Solution
Answer:
c). Hfr
F+ is the donor that donate genotype ans stay the same as F+, but the recipient cell also bocomes
F+. If Hfr is the donor, but the recipient cell does nto become Hfr cell (donor).
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What is evolution? What is it when we say the theory of evolution? What does the theory of
evolution say about the diversity of life on earth?
What is evolution? What is it when we say the theory of evolution? What does the theory of
evolution say about the diversity of life on earth?
Solution
Evolution is defined as the process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to
have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth. Biological evolution refers to
cumulative changes that occur in a population over time.
Theory of evolution: The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin, entails the evolution
by natural selection of life on earth. It states that new generations are born with different
inheritable traits, and that the traits superior for the survival will be passed on to new generation.
This means that given enough time an organism can change and evolve to create a new speices.
Using the theory of evolution, scientists predicted the ancestors of modern life forms,
paleontologists found fossils that backed up the initial predictions..
What are the possible types of interfund transfers What are th.pdf
What are the possible types of interfund transfers?
What are the possible types of interfund transfers?
Solution
An interfund transfer moves the money already in your account among the TSP investment
funds.
The two major categories of interfund transfers are as follows:
1. Residual equity transfers.
2. Operating transfers.
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