Melphon1
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•378 views
The document discusses the phonology and morphosyntax of Melanesian languages compared to Polynesian languages. It notes that Polynesian languages have relatively uniform and conservative sound systems, while Melanesian languages exhibit much more variation and complexity, with some languages having very large consonant and vowel inventories and complex sound combinations. It provides examples of phonological features and the vowel and consonant inventories of some specific Melanesian languages like Tawala, Nengone, and Paici.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Fiji Rugby Sevens Team ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Types of Syllables
This document provides an overview of the six types of syllables that are commonly taught in dyslexia programs: closed, vowel-consonant-e, open, consonant-le, vowel-r, and vowel team. It defines each type of syllable with examples and notes that mastery of these syllable types allows students to decode most English words. The document is intended to give parents and teachers a basic explanation of the syllable types taught.
Andrea Quiñonez Contrastive Linguistics
The document compares and contrasts fricative sounds in English and Spanish. It discusses the production, phonemic features, and examples of the sounds /f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ/, /ð/, and /ʃ/ in both languages. While Spanish and English share some fricative sounds, there are also differences in terms of which sounds exist as phonemes versus allophones in each language. This can sometimes cause pronunciation difficulties for Spanish speakers learning English.
Words in connected speech 2012
The document discusses how words are modified in connected speech from their isolated forms through various phonetic processes like assimilation, elision, vowel reduction, strong and weak forms, liaison, and contractions. It provides examples of each process and explains how they systematically alter words between and within utterances to form a fluent speech stream while still maintaining cues to word boundaries through features like stress, vowel length, and consonant allophones. The extent of variation depends on the formality of the speech.
Guia Didactica Uno
This document defines phonology and phonetics and their roles in language learning. [1] Phonology describes how sounds function and are organized in a language to convey meaning, while phonetics studies the physical properties of speech sounds. [2] The document then provides examples of phonetic transcription and discusses phonological processes in connected speech. [3] Phonological processes refer to how the brain instructs the speech apparatus to pronounce words and segments, and how sounds can change in normal speech flow or over time according to phonological principles.
Phoneticsymbols group2
This document provides instructions for learning phonetic symbols using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). It explains that there are seven short vowels, five long vowels, and eight diphthongs in Received Pronunciation British English. The document then outlines a three step process for learning the vowels and consonants: Step 1 focuses on the vowel sounds, Step 2 introduces diphthongs, and Step 3 covers consonant sounds. It encourages taking one's time to learn the symbols and provides resources for additional practice.
Articulatory process
This document discusses several theories of phonetic and phonological processes including assimilation, dissimilation, deletion, epenthesis, and metathesis. Assimilation is when a speech sound changes and becomes more like an adjacent sound. There are two types: regressive assimilation changes a following sound, and progressive assimilation changes a preceding sound. Dissimilation is the opposite of assimilation, making two sounds less alike. Deletion removes segments in certain contexts like deleting schwa sounds. Epenthesis inserts segments like adding p sounds. Metathesis reorders segments as in "prescribe" becoming "perscribe".
Syllable
This document discusses syllables and syllable structure in the English language. Some key points:
- A syllable is the unit between a phoneme and a word and consists of at least one vowel sound.
- Words can be made up of one (monosyllabic), two (disyllabic), or more (polysyllabic) syllables.
- The nucleus of a syllable is obligatorily a vowel sound, while consonant sounds occur before (onset) and/or after (coda) the vowel, making syllables open or closed.
- English allows up to three consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable and four at the end.
- Some consonant sounds can
Syllable
For basic understanding of knowing what syllable is.
Always use phonetic transcription(produce/ articulate the sounds in the word) to mark or identify syllables.
Recommended
Types of Syllables
This document provides an overview of the six types of syllables that are commonly taught in dyslexia programs: closed, vowel-consonant-e, open, consonant-le, vowel-r, and vowel team. It defines each type of syllable with examples and notes that mastery of these syllable types allows students to decode most English words. The document is intended to give parents and teachers a basic explanation of the syllable types taught.
Andrea Quiñonez Contrastive Linguistics
The document compares and contrasts fricative sounds in English and Spanish. It discusses the production, phonemic features, and examples of the sounds /f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ/, /ð/, and /ʃ/ in both languages. While Spanish and English share some fricative sounds, there are also differences in terms of which sounds exist as phonemes versus allophones in each language. This can sometimes cause pronunciation difficulties for Spanish speakers learning English.
Words in connected speech 2012
The document discusses how words are modified in connected speech from their isolated forms through various phonetic processes like assimilation, elision, vowel reduction, strong and weak forms, liaison, and contractions. It provides examples of each process and explains how they systematically alter words between and within utterances to form a fluent speech stream while still maintaining cues to word boundaries through features like stress, vowel length, and consonant allophones. The extent of variation depends on the formality of the speech.
Guia Didactica Uno
This document defines phonology and phonetics and their roles in language learning. [1] Phonology describes how sounds function and are organized in a language to convey meaning, while phonetics studies the physical properties of speech sounds. [2] The document then provides examples of phonetic transcription and discusses phonological processes in connected speech. [3] Phonological processes refer to how the brain instructs the speech apparatus to pronounce words and segments, and how sounds can change in normal speech flow or over time according to phonological principles.
Phoneticsymbols group2
This document provides instructions for learning phonetic symbols using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). It explains that there are seven short vowels, five long vowels, and eight diphthongs in Received Pronunciation British English. The document then outlines a three step process for learning the vowels and consonants: Step 1 focuses on the vowel sounds, Step 2 introduces diphthongs, and Step 3 covers consonant sounds. It encourages taking one's time to learn the symbols and provides resources for additional practice.
Articulatory process
This document discusses several theories of phonetic and phonological processes including assimilation, dissimilation, deletion, epenthesis, and metathesis. Assimilation is when a speech sound changes and becomes more like an adjacent sound. There are two types: regressive assimilation changes a following sound, and progressive assimilation changes a preceding sound. Dissimilation is the opposite of assimilation, making two sounds less alike. Deletion removes segments in certain contexts like deleting schwa sounds. Epenthesis inserts segments like adding p sounds. Metathesis reorders segments as in "prescribe" becoming "perscribe".
Syllable
This document discusses syllables and syllable structure in the English language. Some key points:
- A syllable is the unit between a phoneme and a word and consists of at least one vowel sound.
- Words can be made up of one (monosyllabic), two (disyllabic), or more (polysyllabic) syllables.
- The nucleus of a syllable is obligatorily a vowel sound, while consonant sounds occur before (onset) and/or after (coda) the vowel, making syllables open or closed.
- English allows up to three consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable and four at the end.
- Some consonant sounds can
Syllable
For basic understanding of knowing what syllable is.
Always use phonetic transcription(produce/ articulate the sounds in the word) to mark or identify syllables.
Linguística
This document discusses several topics related to linguistics and language. It begins by discussing the fields of psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, and dialectology. Psycholinguistics studies language acquisition and production/comprehension processes. Sociolinguistics examines how social factors influence language use. Dialectology explores geographic language variations. The document then covers linguistic subfields like phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Finally, it provides information on phonology, focusing on phonemes, allophones, phonological rules, and phonotactic patterns that vary between languages.
PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC CONSONANT CONTRAST BY EVELYN SIMBAÑA
This document discusses phonemic and phonetic consonant contrasts in English, Spanish, and French. It specifically examines the stops /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/. These sounds are produced by completely blocking airflow with different articulators - bilabial, apico-alveolar/dental, or dorso-velar. The sounds also differ in voicing - voiced sounds like /b/, /d/, and /g/ involve vibration of the vocal cords, while voiceless sounds like /p/, /t/, and /k/ do not. The document then examines contrastive transfer analysis between Spanish and English phonology, noting both positive and negative transfer
Phonological Processes Slides
The document discusses various phonological processes that occur in the English language. It defines phonological processes as the natural changes that occur in language sounds over time. Some key phonological processes discussed include linking, where sounds are connected between words; elision, where sounds are omitted to aid pronunciation; assimilation, where speech sounds take on attributes of surrounding sounds; coalescence, where two sounds merge into one; haplology, where similar syllables are reduced; and gemination, where consonants are prolonged. Examples are provided for each process to illustrate how they affect English pronunciation. It is important for English language learners to understand these processes as they allow students to improve fluency and precision in oral production.
vowels and minimal pairs
This document discusses English vowel sounds and provides examples of minimal pairs to demonstrate the differences. It focuses on the vowels /ʌ/ and /o[ow]/, listing words that contrast the sounds like "cup" versus "cop". It also covers the diphthong "ai" as in "eye", and long vowels like /ɔ/ found in words like "ought". Examples are given to illustrate each vowel sound.
Pronunciation of consonant sounds ed
This document provides instruction on pronouncing several consonant sounds in English: /ʃ/, /ʧ/, /Ʒ/, and /dƷ/. It explains the tongue position and air flow for each sound. Examples of words containing each sound are given. Listeners are asked to practice distinguishing between the similar sounds in sentences and words like "wash" vs "watch", "measure" vs "treasure", and "ledger" vs "leisure". Exercises are included to have readers identify the sounds and practice pronunciation.
estefania analuisa fonologia
This document provides information about vowel and consonant inventories in English and Spanish. It includes:
1) Charts showing the vowel quadrants for each language and differences in tongue position and lip shape for specific vowels like /e/, /a/, and diphthongs like /oy/.
2) Descriptions of phonetic features of consonants like voicing, articulator, manner of articulation, and differences in allophones for stops like /p/, /t/, /d/ between the two languages.
3) Discussion of phonemic distribution and contrastive analysis to examine phonological differences that can cause errors for English language learners with a Spanish language background.
Intro to Linguistic.pptx
This document discusses various topics related to linguistics including:
- Group 1 members Ervina Nur M, Sofiatul bahiroh, and Yenni rahmawati.
- Definitions of language including it being a system of communication using sounds and words with meaning.
- Characteristics of language including it being systematic, using signs and sounds, having meaning, and being unique yet universal.
- Descriptive and prescriptive grammar as well as subdisciplines of linguistics.
- Phonetics topics including segmental features, suprasegmental features, places and manners of articulation for consonants and vowels.
Slideshare
This document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology, which are the study of speech sounds and how they are organized in language. It describes the key concepts in phonetics such as articulatory phonetics, places and manners of articulation for consonants and vowels. Common phonological rules in English like aspiration, assimilation, dissimilation and deletion are also covered. The document concludes with tips for teaching pronunciation to English language learners and resources for further information.
Types of syllables in English language.pptx
This document discusses syllables and how to count them. It defines a syllable as a segment of sound formed by opening and closing the mouth to form a vowel sound. Words like "cat" have one syllable, while words like "cupcake" have two. To count syllables, you can hum the word or put your hand under your chin to feel your mouth open. Knowing syllables helps with spelling and reading. There are six main syllable types: closed, open, vowel-consonant-e, r-controlled, diphthong, and consonant-le. The document provides examples of each type and recommendations for when to teach them.
Syllables of General English TESOL International Degree Programme
English Syllables Learning Theory in TESOL
Consonant g1a
This document outlines the consonant sounds of English, discussing their places and manners of articulation. It defines consonants as sounds produced with an obstruction of airflow from the lungs. It then describes the 8 places of articulation for English consonants: bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, palato-alveolar, palatal, velar, and glottal. The document also discusses the 6 manners of articulation for English consonants: plosives, fricatives, affricates, nasals, laterals, and approximants. Tables provide an overview of the consonant phonemes in English organized by place and manner of articulation.
Syllabe
The document discusses various theories and concepts related to syllables, including:
1) Syllable structure consists of an onset, nucleus and coda. The nucleus is usually a vowel.
2) Sonority theory proposes that syllables correspond to peaks in airflow, with more sonorous segments like vowels forming syllable nuclei.
3) Prominence theory defines syllables as speech units with peaks of prominence from factors like stress, duration and pitch.
4) Chest pulse theory associates syllables with increases in air pressure during speech.
English Nasals
This document summarizes key points about nasal consonant clusters and nasalized vowels in English:
- Nasal+plosive clusters that share the same place of articulation include [mp], [nt], [nd], [ŋk], and [ŋg]. Waveform patterns are simpler for nasals than vowels.
- Syllabic nasals can occur without vowels in unstressed syllables, as in "button" where the [n] is syllabic between the [t] and [n]. Nasals can also be syllabic when followed by a morpheme, like in "instances."
- Nasalized vowels, transcribed with a tilde
Consonants presentation
The document discusses the classification of consonant sounds according to place, manner, and voicing. It explains that consonants are classified based on where in the vocal tract they are articulated (place), how they are articulated (manner), and whether the vocal cords vibrate (voiced or voiceless). Examples are provided to demonstrate the different places of articulation including bilabial, alveolar, velar, and others. Common consonant sounds in English are also illustrated using IPA symbols together with their classification.
How mind learn to read
This document provides an overview of the neuroscience of reading and how it relates to education. It discusses how the brain develops speech and visual circuits in early childhood to prepare for reading. It outlines the stages of learning to read, including logographic, phonological, and orthographic stages, and how these are supported by different brain regions and reading pathways. The implications for teaching reading through explicit phonics instruction and other strategies are also covered.
English Licensure Examination for Teachers Reviewer THE MNEMONICS.pptx
The document discusses various topics related to language teaching methods and linguistics. It provides definitions and explanations of mnemonics, the scientific method, theater movements in the Philippines, word formation processes, language teaching methods such as grammar translation, direct method, audio-lingual method, and task-based language teaching. It also covers characteristics of academic language proficiency, phonological concepts like the schwa sound and suprasegmental phonology, and morphophonemic processes.
Vowels
The information in the presentation comes from Ch 4 in Teaching Pronunciation, 2nd Edition. Made by Jacqueline Trademan
Conceps about vocabulary and pronunciation
Conceps about vocabulary and pronunciationEduardo Hernández Rangel, MCC, PMP, ITIL Cer, Scrum Master
This document discusses concepts related to pronunciation for English learners whose first language is Spanish. It covers several areas that can cause problems for Spanish speakers learning English pronunciation, including vowel sounds, consonants, stress and intonation patterns. Examples are provided to illustrate minimal word pairs that differ by just one sound, as well as examples of stressed and unstressed syllables. An overview of phonology and the physics of speech production is also presented.Sounds1.pptx
This document provides an overview of phonetics and pronunciation. It discusses key topics like:
- What phonetics is and how it describes speech sounds
- The concept of positive and negative language transfer between a first and second language
- Articulatory phonetics and the organs involved in speech production
- Consonants and their places and manners of articulation (e.g. bilabial, dental)
- Vowels and diphthongs, and how the shape of the vocal tract changes to produce them
Readers are prompted to consider sounds in their native language and English, and to complete exercises identifying sounds. The goal is to analyze the phonetic systems of readers' languages and
Phoneme (2)
This document discusses phonemes, syllables, and syllabification. It begins by defining a phoneme as the smallest unit of sound in speech. There are 44 phonemes in English, represented by letters or letter combinations. A syllable contains at least one phoneme and can be broken into onset, nucleus, and coda. The nucleus is the core vowel sound. Minimal pairs are word pairs that differ by one phoneme, like "fan" and "van". The document also discusses phonological processes like vowel reduction and features of consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Phonetics Assignment3
The document discusses weak and strong syllables in English. It defines a syllable and describes their structure, including onset, nucleus, coda, and rime. It states that strong syllables contain full vowels while weak syllables often contain reduced vowels like schwa. Examples are provided to demonstrate how vowels are shortened, lower in intensity, and changed in quality in weak syllables compared to strong ones. The document also notes that some weak syllables contain only consonants. It examines spelling patterns that can indicate the vowel sound in a strong pronunciation of a weak syllable. Finally, it discusses the close front and back vowels that may occur in weak syllables and problems transcribing them phonemically.
Phonetics
The presentation is about vowels, diphthongs, suprasegmentals, intonation and tone, speech production and some common articulatory processes.
More Related Content
What's hot
Linguística
This document discusses several topics related to linguistics and language. It begins by discussing the fields of psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, and dialectology. Psycholinguistics studies language acquisition and production/comprehension processes. Sociolinguistics examines how social factors influence language use. Dialectology explores geographic language variations. The document then covers linguistic subfields like phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Finally, it provides information on phonology, focusing on phonemes, allophones, phonological rules, and phonotactic patterns that vary between languages.
PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC CONSONANT CONTRAST BY EVELYN SIMBAÑA
This document discusses phonemic and phonetic consonant contrasts in English, Spanish, and French. It specifically examines the stops /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/. These sounds are produced by completely blocking airflow with different articulators - bilabial, apico-alveolar/dental, or dorso-velar. The sounds also differ in voicing - voiced sounds like /b/, /d/, and /g/ involve vibration of the vocal cords, while voiceless sounds like /p/, /t/, and /k/ do not. The document then examines contrastive transfer analysis between Spanish and English phonology, noting both positive and negative transfer
Phonological Processes Slides
The document discusses various phonological processes that occur in the English language. It defines phonological processes as the natural changes that occur in language sounds over time. Some key phonological processes discussed include linking, where sounds are connected between words; elision, where sounds are omitted to aid pronunciation; assimilation, where speech sounds take on attributes of surrounding sounds; coalescence, where two sounds merge into one; haplology, where similar syllables are reduced; and gemination, where consonants are prolonged. Examples are provided for each process to illustrate how they affect English pronunciation. It is important for English language learners to understand these processes as they allow students to improve fluency and precision in oral production.
vowels and minimal pairs
This document discusses English vowel sounds and provides examples of minimal pairs to demonstrate the differences. It focuses on the vowels /ʌ/ and /o[ow]/, listing words that contrast the sounds like "cup" versus "cop". It also covers the diphthong "ai" as in "eye", and long vowels like /ɔ/ found in words like "ought". Examples are given to illustrate each vowel sound.
Pronunciation of consonant sounds ed
This document provides instruction on pronouncing several consonant sounds in English: /ʃ/, /ʧ/, /Ʒ/, and /dƷ/. It explains the tongue position and air flow for each sound. Examples of words containing each sound are given. Listeners are asked to practice distinguishing between the similar sounds in sentences and words like "wash" vs "watch", "measure" vs "treasure", and "ledger" vs "leisure". Exercises are included to have readers identify the sounds and practice pronunciation.
estefania analuisa fonologia
This document provides information about vowel and consonant inventories in English and Spanish. It includes:
1) Charts showing the vowel quadrants for each language and differences in tongue position and lip shape for specific vowels like /e/, /a/, and diphthongs like /oy/.
2) Descriptions of phonetic features of consonants like voicing, articulator, manner of articulation, and differences in allophones for stops like /p/, /t/, /d/ between the two languages.
3) Discussion of phonemic distribution and contrastive analysis to examine phonological differences that can cause errors for English language learners with a Spanish language background.
What's hot (6)
PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC CONSONANT CONTRAST BY EVELYN SIMBAÑA
PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC CONSONANT CONTRAST BY EVELYN SIMBAÑA
Similar to Melphon1
Intro to Linguistic.pptx
This document discusses various topics related to linguistics including:
- Group 1 members Ervina Nur M, Sofiatul bahiroh, and Yenni rahmawati.
- Definitions of language including it being a system of communication using sounds and words with meaning.
- Characteristics of language including it being systematic, using signs and sounds, having meaning, and being unique yet universal.
- Descriptive and prescriptive grammar as well as subdisciplines of linguistics.
- Phonetics topics including segmental features, suprasegmental features, places and manners of articulation for consonants and vowels.
Slideshare
This document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology, which are the study of speech sounds and how they are organized in language. It describes the key concepts in phonetics such as articulatory phonetics, places and manners of articulation for consonants and vowels. Common phonological rules in English like aspiration, assimilation, dissimilation and deletion are also covered. The document concludes with tips for teaching pronunciation to English language learners and resources for further information.
Types of syllables in English language.pptx
This document discusses syllables and how to count them. It defines a syllable as a segment of sound formed by opening and closing the mouth to form a vowel sound. Words like "cat" have one syllable, while words like "cupcake" have two. To count syllables, you can hum the word or put your hand under your chin to feel your mouth open. Knowing syllables helps with spelling and reading. There are six main syllable types: closed, open, vowel-consonant-e, r-controlled, diphthong, and consonant-le. The document provides examples of each type and recommendations for when to teach them.
Syllables of General English TESOL International Degree Programme
English Syllables Learning Theory in TESOL
Consonant g1a
This document outlines the consonant sounds of English, discussing their places and manners of articulation. It defines consonants as sounds produced with an obstruction of airflow from the lungs. It then describes the 8 places of articulation for English consonants: bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, palato-alveolar, palatal, velar, and glottal. The document also discusses the 6 manners of articulation for English consonants: plosives, fricatives, affricates, nasals, laterals, and approximants. Tables provide an overview of the consonant phonemes in English organized by place and manner of articulation.
Syllabe
The document discusses various theories and concepts related to syllables, including:
1) Syllable structure consists of an onset, nucleus and coda. The nucleus is usually a vowel.
2) Sonority theory proposes that syllables correspond to peaks in airflow, with more sonorous segments like vowels forming syllable nuclei.
3) Prominence theory defines syllables as speech units with peaks of prominence from factors like stress, duration and pitch.
4) Chest pulse theory associates syllables with increases in air pressure during speech.
English Nasals
This document summarizes key points about nasal consonant clusters and nasalized vowels in English:
- Nasal+plosive clusters that share the same place of articulation include [mp], [nt], [nd], [ŋk], and [ŋg]. Waveform patterns are simpler for nasals than vowels.
- Syllabic nasals can occur without vowels in unstressed syllables, as in "button" where the [n] is syllabic between the [t] and [n]. Nasals can also be syllabic when followed by a morpheme, like in "instances."
- Nasalized vowels, transcribed with a tilde
Consonants presentation
The document discusses the classification of consonant sounds according to place, manner, and voicing. It explains that consonants are classified based on where in the vocal tract they are articulated (place), how they are articulated (manner), and whether the vocal cords vibrate (voiced or voiceless). Examples are provided to demonstrate the different places of articulation including bilabial, alveolar, velar, and others. Common consonant sounds in English are also illustrated using IPA symbols together with their classification.
How mind learn to read
This document provides an overview of the neuroscience of reading and how it relates to education. It discusses how the brain develops speech and visual circuits in early childhood to prepare for reading. It outlines the stages of learning to read, including logographic, phonological, and orthographic stages, and how these are supported by different brain regions and reading pathways. The implications for teaching reading through explicit phonics instruction and other strategies are also covered.
English Licensure Examination for Teachers Reviewer THE MNEMONICS.pptx
The document discusses various topics related to language teaching methods and linguistics. It provides definitions and explanations of mnemonics, the scientific method, theater movements in the Philippines, word formation processes, language teaching methods such as grammar translation, direct method, audio-lingual method, and task-based language teaching. It also covers characteristics of academic language proficiency, phonological concepts like the schwa sound and suprasegmental phonology, and morphophonemic processes.
Vowels
The information in the presentation comes from Ch 4 in Teaching Pronunciation, 2nd Edition. Made by Jacqueline Trademan
Conceps about vocabulary and pronunciation
Conceps about vocabulary and pronunciationEduardo Hernández Rangel, MCC, PMP, ITIL Cer, Scrum Master
This document discusses concepts related to pronunciation for English learners whose first language is Spanish. It covers several areas that can cause problems for Spanish speakers learning English pronunciation, including vowel sounds, consonants, stress and intonation patterns. Examples are provided to illustrate minimal word pairs that differ by just one sound, as well as examples of stressed and unstressed syllables. An overview of phonology and the physics of speech production is also presented.Sounds1.pptx
This document provides an overview of phonetics and pronunciation. It discusses key topics like:
- What phonetics is and how it describes speech sounds
- The concept of positive and negative language transfer between a first and second language
- Articulatory phonetics and the organs involved in speech production
- Consonants and their places and manners of articulation (e.g. bilabial, dental)
- Vowels and diphthongs, and how the shape of the vocal tract changes to produce them
Readers are prompted to consider sounds in their native language and English, and to complete exercises identifying sounds. The goal is to analyze the phonetic systems of readers' languages and
Phoneme (2)
This document discusses phonemes, syllables, and syllabification. It begins by defining a phoneme as the smallest unit of sound in speech. There are 44 phonemes in English, represented by letters or letter combinations. A syllable contains at least one phoneme and can be broken into onset, nucleus, and coda. The nucleus is the core vowel sound. Minimal pairs are word pairs that differ by one phoneme, like "fan" and "van". The document also discusses phonological processes like vowel reduction and features of consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Phonetics Assignment3
The document discusses weak and strong syllables in English. It defines a syllable and describes their structure, including onset, nucleus, coda, and rime. It states that strong syllables contain full vowels while weak syllables often contain reduced vowels like schwa. Examples are provided to demonstrate how vowels are shortened, lower in intensity, and changed in quality in weak syllables compared to strong ones. The document also notes that some weak syllables contain only consonants. It examines spelling patterns that can indicate the vowel sound in a strong pronunciation of a weak syllable. Finally, it discusses the close front and back vowels that may occur in weak syllables and problems transcribing them phonemically.
Phonetics
The presentation is about vowels, diphthongs, suprasegmentals, intonation and tone, speech production and some common articulatory processes.
Weak,Strong Syllables
The document discusses weak and strong syllables in English. A strong syllable has a full vowel as its nucleus, while a weak syllable typically contains the reduced vowel schwa. The most common vowel in weak syllables is schwa, represented as /ÉTM/. Other vowels found in weak syllables include a close front vowel similar to /i/ and a close back vowel similar to /u/. These vowels are difficult to distinguish from their strong counterparts /i:/ and /u:/. Spellings can provide clues as to which vowel would be present if the syllable was strong. Weak syllables tend to have shorter, less intense vowels compared to strong syllables.
2009 Transcribing English Words
This document discusses the basics of transcribing English words and successful reading. It covers phonemic awareness, phonics, syllables, vowels, consonants, and articulation of sounds. Practice of these concepts is recommended to improve reading skills including fluency, comprehension, grammar and proficiency.
EPENTHESIS TERM PAPERS
This study aims to identify the causes of epenthesis, or the insertion of extra sounds, in the speech of students at Bisease Senior High School. Recordings of students' conversations show insertion of both vowels and consonants. The insertions occur for several reasons, including influence from the students' native Fante and Twi languages, which have different phonotactic rules than English. Vowels are often added to conform to the syllable structure and phonotactics of Fante and Twi. Consonants are inserted to break up unfamiliar consonant clusters in English words. The type of sound inserted depends on factors like neighboring sounds. The study concludes epenthesis is caused by mother tongue interference and recommends spending more
Trills And Spills
This document discusses different types of consonant sounds in language. It describes trills, liquids like l and r, approximants like j and w, and retroflex consonants. It also explains that sounds are often grouped based on similar manner or place of articulation, with larger groupings including obstruents (stops, fricatives, affricates) and sonorants (nasals, liquids). Non-pulmonic sounds like clicks are also briefly mentioned.
Similar to Melphon1 (20)
Syllables of General English TESOL International Degree Programme
Syllables of General English TESOL International Degree Programme
English Licensure Examination for Teachers Reviewer THE MNEMONICS.pptx
English Licensure Examination for Teachers Reviewer THE MNEMONICS.pptx
More from mpaviour
Stori blong man we hemi sutum mun - a Bislama tale
Kalori saw the big round moon one night and decided to shoot it down with his bow and arrows. He shot several arrows that stuck into each other, forming a chain that reached all the way to the moon. When he climbed the chain, he met an old man on the moon. The next day, they went to the moon's garden and gathered yams. The old man helped Kalori return to earth by throwing the basket of yams down a chain of arrows. Kalori shared the yams with his village, and soon yams were growing in every garden.
Working on the phonology of your field language
This document discusses phonemes and allophones in language phonology. It explains that phonemes are units of sound that distinguish meaning, while allophones are variant sounds that are used in place of phonemes in certain environments. The document uses examples from Japanese to show that the sounds [s] and [ʃ] are allophones of the same phoneme /s/, with [ʃ] occurring before [i] and [s] in other environments, so they are not distinct phonemes in Japanese as they are in English.
Phonetics for field methods
This document discusses consonants and introduces the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). It defines consonants as sounds created by an obstruction of airflow in the mouth, in contrast to vowels which have a relatively unobstructed path. Consonants are distinguished by their voicing, manner, and place of articulation. Voicing refers to whether the vocal cords vibrate (voiced) or not (voiceless). Manner describes how the obstruction of airflow is made, such as stops which block airflow momentarily, or fricatives which create turbulence. Place indicates where in the vocal tract the obstruction occurs, such as bilabial or velar. The document provides examples of consonants in the English language and
Mise en scene analysis slideshare
This document discusses mise-en-scene analysis and its application to hip hop music videos. Mise-en-scene refers to everything within the frame of a shot or sequence of shots that can convey meaning to the viewer. It includes five domains: setting/props, costumes/appearance, facial expressions/body language, lighting/color, and positioning within the frame. The document then analyzes the 2005 music video for "The Come Up" by AZ, noting how elements of mise-en-scene like the derelict outdoor setting, naturalistic clothing, serious facial expressions, black and white coloring, and positioning contribute to constructing themes of authenticity, hip hop masculinity, and life in the streets.
We come in peace transcultural
The document discusses representations of aliens and alien languages in popular culture. It describes how the Klingon and Na'vi languages were constructed for Star Trek and Avatar, respectively, drawing on features from human languages to make them seem exotic yet learnable. Klingon uses rare sounds and grammar to emphasize alienness, while Na'vi uses familiar patterns to portray aliens as relatable. The construction of alien languages reveals human fascination with communication and understanding other intelligent beings.
Visual texts as mediated communication
War memorials serve as collective memories that shape national identities and convey messages about war. They contain visual and textual elements that tell the stories of those who sacrificed their lives in conflict. The summaries provide examples of memorials in Leningrad honoring citizens who died defending the city during World War II, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington DC featuring names of soldiers killed in the Vietnam War etched in stone, and Atatürk memorials in New Zealand and Australia commemorating the Gallipoli campaign and promoting peace between former enemies.
Linguistics in the bc
This document provides information about the Linguistics program at an unnamed university, including requirements for a Linguistics major and minor. It also shares a job advertisement seeking a copywriter with linguistic qualifications and lists course offerings for the School of Linguistics and International Languages for semesters 1 and 2 of the 2012 academic year.
International languages
The document outlines requirements for an international languages minor at a university. It includes information on Chinese, French, Japanese and Spanish minors. Each minor requires 60 credits including at least 15 credits at the 300 level. The core papers for each language are listed. Learning a language is said to help with 21st century citizenship and understanding transcultural flows. Online tools allow for distance learning with self-pacing and real-time interactions.
Hello my name is ...
This document discusses discourse and identity from linguistic and social perspectives. It defines discourse as the organization of language beyond the sentence level, including utterances, texts, and abstract ways of talking about topics. Spoken and written discourse are co-constructed differently. Identity is examined as how individuals understand their relationship to the world and see possibilities for the future, with recognition that identity is non-fixed and constructed through social interaction and membership. Recent social theory and constructionism view social categories and identities as choices in self-representation using language and other means, rather than rigid definitions.
Features of maaori english
The document discusses features of Māori English, a variety of New Zealand English spoken by Māori that incorporates elements of te reo Māori. Some key features include the use of discourse particles like "eh" and "y'know", high rising intonation, phonological features like TH-stopping and U-fronting, less reduction of unstressed vowels leading to a more staccato rhythm, and tag questions. The document also discusses how Māori English has a more melodic pitch pattern and rhythm influenced by the stress rules of te reo Māori, making it sound more "musical" compared to standard New Zealand English.
Reading passages 2
The document contains 5 passages about various everyday situations and events occurring in New Zealand:
1) Preparations for a party including decorations and food and drink and expecting guests to arrive by ferry in the evening.
2) Details about the location of Auckland airport being away from the city to reduce noise complaints and its underground parking facility.
3) An incident where a boy spilled a chocolate milkshake at a mall and was given a free replacement drink after cleaning it up.
4) Recapping a successful party but noting the boy got in trouble and had to leave early, and cleaning up broken glass outside before mowing the lawn.
5) Suggesting cures for Monday-itis
N z vowels
New Zealand English has developed as a unique variety of English with its own vocabulary, accent, and history. It originated from a mixing of dialects including Cockney English and other British regional accents. NZE is distinguished by its pronunciation of vowels, with shifts in vowel space and the development of new diphthongs not found in other varieties like Received Pronunciation. One such new diphthong is the pronunciation of 'me' as a two-part vowel, differing from other forms of English.
He said, she said part 2
1) The document discusses debates around gender differences in language use and dominance. It describes views that see men's language as assertive and dominant in public spheres while women's language is seen as passive and focused on private matters.
2) Alternative views see gender differences in language as socially constructed rather than innate. Differences may reflect how men and women are socialized rather than fixed biological traits.
3) More recent research calls for understanding gender as a dynamic social performance rather than a fixed category, and examining how language is used to both construct and deconstruct notions of masculinity and femininity in interaction.
He said she_saidwell[1]23
This document discusses research on gender differences in language. It examines how some languages grammatically mark gender in pronouns and how some have gender-exclusive vocabularies. It also discusses gender-preferential language and how gender has been studied from a variationist linguistic perspective. A key topic is Robin Lakoff's 1975 characterization of "women's language" as tentative, uncertain, and weak. This characterization is critiqued as proposing a deficit view of women's language based on a perceived male norm. Explanations for observed gender differences in language use are examined.
Greetings from aulua
This document discusses greetings and politeness in Aulua culture. It outlines different types of greetings including time-referenced greetings, small talk, and honorific greetings. It also discusses farewell greetings and notes they are an important part of stereotyping neighbors. Additionally, it examines who requires politeness based on social structure including higher chiefs, cross-generational in-laws, parallel and cross in-laws, and joking relationships between kin.
Te reo maaori 1
- Te reo Māori is the Māori language of New Zealand. It originated from the Polynesian languages brought by the Māori people's ancestors who migrated to New Zealand around 700 years ago.
- After European contact, use of te reo Māori declined dramatically as English became dominant in education, religion, and government. By the late 19th century most Māori were monolingual English speakers.
- In the 20th century te reo Māori nearly became extinct as the language of the home and community as urbanization separated Māori from their traditional lands and cultures. However, the 1970s saw a Māori renaissance and revitalization movement
A e i o u
The document discusses vowels in Polynesian languages. It explains that vowels are made by shaping the mouth using the jaw, lips, and tongue. It presents diagrams showing the positions of vowels in the mouth. Key terms are introduced to describe vowels, such as high vs low, front vs back, and round vs spread. The five vowels of Polynesian languages /i, u, e, o, a/ are then labeled according to these terms.
Catherine
This document appears to be a collection of random words, phrases, and messages between various individuals. It includes references to people named Catherine, George, Enid, Justin, Ruth, Kiriana, and Matt Johnston. A broken lightbulb and an embarrassing movie moment are also briefly mentioned. Electrical voltages and drinking corona with lemon are discussed in a conversation between Peter Jamieson and Matt Johnston about someone named Carl dancing at a location called 4-6 volts upstairs.
The dp2
1. The document discusses the DP hypothesis, which proposes that determiners are more important than just specifier elements and that DP is a functional projection above NP.
2. It follows X-bar theory and gives NP functional architecture.
3. Evidence for functional projections above NP comes from Tok Pisin pronouns, which have functional projections between NP and DP with a morpheme head, and the pronoun moves up through these projections.
Next year
This document lists linguistics papers offered at the School of Language Studies in 2011, including paper codes, titles, prerequisites, locations, and whether they can be taken as a BA or BC. There are 11 papers listed ranging from 100 to 300 level, covering topics like language and communication, language and society, forensic linguistics, phonology, and languages of the Pacific. Most papers are offered at the MAN campus and via distance learning, and have prerequisites of other linguistics papers.
More from mpaviour (20)
Stori blong man we hemi sutum mun - a Bislama tale
Stori blong man we hemi sutum mun - a Bislama tale
Recently uploaded
Introducing BoxLang : A new JVM language for productivity and modularity!
Just like life, our code must adapt to the ever changing world we live in. From one day coding for the web, to the next for our tablets or APIs or for running serverless applications. Multi-runtime development is the future of coding, the future is to be dynamic. Let us introduce you to BoxLang.
Dynamic. Modular. Productive.
BoxLang redefines development with its dynamic nature, empowering developers to craft expressive and functional code effortlessly. Its modular architecture prioritizes flexibility, allowing for seamless integration into existing ecosystems.
Interoperability at its Core
With 100% interoperability with Java, BoxLang seamlessly bridges the gap between traditional and modern development paradigms, unlocking new possibilities for innovation and collaboration.
Multi-Runtime
From the tiny 2m operating system binary to running on our pure Java web server, CommandBox, Jakarta EE, AWS Lambda, Microsoft Functions, Web Assembly, Android and more. BoxLang has been designed to enhance and adapt according to it's runnable runtime.
The Fusion of Modernity and Tradition
Experience the fusion of modern features inspired by CFML, Node, Ruby, Kotlin, Java, and Clojure, combined with the familiarity of Java bytecode compilation, making BoxLang a language of choice for forward-thinking developers.
Empowering Transition with Transpiler Support
Transitioning from CFML to BoxLang is seamless with our JIT transpiler, facilitating smooth migration and preserving existing code investments.
Unlocking Creativity with IDE Tools
Unleash your creativity with powerful IDE tools tailored for BoxLang, providing an intuitive development experience and streamlining your workflow. Join us as we embark on a journey to redefine JVM development. Welcome to the era of BoxLang.
Apps Break Data
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Tomaz Bratanic
Graph ML and GenAI Expert - Neo4j
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Dmitrii Kamaev, PhD
Senior Product Owner - QIAGEN
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
Під час доповіді відповімо на питання, навіщо потрібно підвищувати продуктивність аплікації і які є найефективніші способи для цього. А також поговоримо про те, що таке кеш, які його види бувають та, основне — як знайти performance bottleneck?
Відео та деталі заходу: https://bit.ly/45tILxj
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Day 2 - Intro to UiPath Studio Fundamentals
In our second session, we shall learn all about the main features and fundamentals of UiPath Studio that enable us to use the building blocks for any automation project.
📕 Detailed agenda:
Variables and Datatypes
Workflow Layouts
Arguments
Control Flows and Loops
Conditional Statements
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Variables, Constants, and Arguments in Studio
Control Flow in Studio
"NATO Hackathon Winner: AI-Powered Drug Search", Taras Kloba
This is a session that details how PostgreSQL's features and Azure AI Services can be effectively used to significantly enhance the search functionality in any application.
In this session, we'll share insights on how we used PostgreSQL to facilitate precise searches across multiple fields in our mobile application. The techniques include using LIKE and ILIKE operators and integrating a trigram-based search to handle potential misspellings, thereby increasing the search accuracy.
We'll also discuss how the azure_ai extension on PostgreSQL databases in Azure and Azure AI Services were utilized to create vectors from user input, a feature beneficial when users wish to find specific items based on text prompts. While our application's case study involves a drug search, the techniques and principles shared in this session can be adapted to improve search functionality in a wide range of applications. Join us to learn how PostgreSQL and Azure AI can be harnessed to enhance your application's search capability.
Containers & AI - Beauty and the Beast!?!
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Keywords: AI, Containeres, Kubernetes, Cloud Native
Event Link: https://meine.doag.org/events/cloudland/2024/agenda/#agendaId.4211
AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA-C03)
AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA-C03)
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
MySQL InnoDB Storage Engine: Deep Dive - Mydbops
This presentation, titled "MySQL - InnoDB" and delivered by Mayank Prasad at the Mydbops Open Source Database Meetup 16 on June 8th, 2024, covers dynamic configuration of REDO logs and instant ADD/DROP columns in InnoDB.
This presentation dives deep into the world of InnoDB, exploring two ground-breaking features introduced in MySQL 8.0:
• Dynamic Configuration of REDO Logs: Enhance your database's performance and flexibility with on-the-fly adjustments to REDO log capacity. Unleash the power of the snake metaphor to visualize how InnoDB manages REDO log files.
• Instant ADD/DROP Columns: Say goodbye to costly table rebuilds! This presentation unveils how InnoDB now enables seamless addition and removal of columns without compromising data integrity or incurring downtime.
Key Learnings:
• Grasp the concept of REDO logs and their significance in InnoDB's transaction management.
• Discover the advantages of dynamic REDO log configuration and how to leverage it for optimal performance.
• Understand the inner workings of instant ADD/DROP columns and their impact on database operations.
• Gain valuable insights into the row versioning mechanism that empowers instant column modifications.
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena Syrota
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
We will talk about system monitoring from a few different angles. We will start by covering the basics, then discuss SLOs, how to define them, and why understanding the business well is crucial for success in this exercise.
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Recently uploaded (20)
Introducing BoxLang : A new JVM language for productivity and modularity!
Introducing BoxLang : A new JVM language for productivity and modularity!
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
"NATO Hackathon Winner: AI-Powered Drug Search", Taras Kloba
"NATO Hackathon Winner: AI-Powered Drug Search", Taras Kloba
AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA-C03)
AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA-C03)
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
Demystifying Knowledge Management through Storytelling
Melphon1
- 1. Melanesia Phonology and morphosyntax
- 3. DIVERSITY Our catchphrase for Melanesia Polynesian languages are relatively uniform and conservative In Melanesia there are few similarities across language subgroups