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1. Medical Education in USA

2. Medical Education in USA
• Medical education in the United States includes
educational activities involved in the education and training
of physicians (D.O. or M.D.) in the United States, from
entry-level training through to continuing education of
qualified specialists.

3. Medical Education in USA (Contd)
A typical outline of the medical education pathway is
presented below; however, medicine is a diverse profession
with many options available. For example, some physicians
work in pharmaceutical research, occupational medicine
(within a company), public health medicine (working for the
general health of a population in an area), or join the armed
forces.

4. Top 10 Medical Schools In The U.S
• 1. Harvard University
• 2. Stanford University
• 3. Johns Hopkins University
• 4. University of California - San Francisco
• 5. University of Pennsylvania

5. Top 10 Medical Schools In The U.S
• 6. University of Washington
• 7. University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
• 8. Oregon Health and Science University
• 9. University of California - San Francisco
• 10.University of Massachusetts

6. Medical school
In the United States a medical school is an institution
with the purpose of educating physicians in the
United States in the field of medicine. Admission into
medical school may not technically require
completion of a previous degree; however,
applicants are usually required to complete at least 3
years of "pre-med" courses at the university level
because in the US medical degrees are classified as
Second entry degrees.

7. Medical school (Contd)
Once enrolled in a medical school the five years
progressive study is divided into two roughly equal
components: pre-clinical (consisting of didactic courses in
the basic sciences) and clinical (clerkships consisting of
rotations through different wards of a teaching hospital).
The degree granted at the conclusion of the next four years
of study is Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) or Doctor
of Medicine (M.D.) depending on the medical school; both
degrees allow the holder to practice medicine after
completing an accredited residency program

8. Internship
During the last year of undergraduate medical education,
students apply for postgraduate residencies in their chosen
field of specialization. These vary in competitiveness
depending upon the desirability of the specialty, prestige of
the program, and the number of applicants relative to the
number of available positions. All but a few positions are
granted via a national computer match which pairs an
applicant's preference with the programs' preference for
applicants.

9. Internship (Contd)
Historically, post-graduate medical education began with a
free-standing, one-year internship. Completion of this year
continues to be the minimum training requirement for
obtaining a general license to practice medicine in most
states. However, because of the gradual lengthening of
post-graduate medical education, and the decline of its use
as the terminal stage in training, most new physicians
complete the internship requirement as their first year of
residency.

10. Internship (Contd)
Notwithstanding the trend toward internships integrated into
categorical residencies, the one-year "traditional rotating
internship" (sometimes called a "transitional year")
continues to exist. Some residency training programs, such
as in neurology and ophthalmology, do not include an
internship year and begin after completion of an internship
or transitional year. Some use it to re-apply to programs
into which they were not accepted, while others use it as a
year to decide upon a specialty

11. Fellowship
A fellowship is a formal, full-time training program that
focuses on a particular area within the specialty, with
requirements beyond the related residency. Many highly
specialized fields require formal training beyond residency.
Examples of these include cardiology, endocrinology,
oncology after internal medicine; cardiothoracic
anesthesiology, cardiothoracic surgery, pediatric surgery,
surgical oncology after general surgery; reproductive
endocrinology/infertility, maternal-fetal medicine,
gynecologic oncology after obstetrics/gynecology.

12. Fellowship (Contd)
There are many others for each field of study. In some
specialties such as pathology and radiology, a majority of
graduating residents go on to further their training.
The training programs for these fields are known as
fellowships and their participants are fellows, to denote that
they already have completed a residency and are board
eligible or board certified in their basic specialty. Fellowships
range in length from one to three years and are granted by
application to the individual program or sub-specialty
organizing board. Fellowships often contain a research
component

13. Grading
Medical schools use a variety of different grading
methods. Even within one school, the grading of the basic
sciences and clinical clerkships may vary. Most medical
schools use the pass/fail schema, rather than letter
grades; however the range of grading intervals varies. The
following are examples of grades used with different
intervals
• 2 Intervals = Pass/Fail
• 3 Intervals = Honors/Pass/Fail
• 4 Intervals = Honors/High Pass/Pass/Fail (or ABCF)
• 5 Intervals = Honors/High Pass/Pass/Low Pass/Fail (or
ABCDF)

14. Accreditation
• All medical schools within the United States must be accredited by one
of two organizations. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education
(LCME), jointly administered by the Association of American Medical
Colleges and the American Medical Association, accredits M.D.
schools, while the Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation
of the American Osteopathic Association accredits osteopathic (D.O.)
schools. There are presently 141 M.D. programs and 29 D.O.
programs in the United States.
• Accreditation is required for a school's students to receive federal
loans. Additionally, schools must be accredited to receive federal
funding for medical education. The M.D. and D.O. are the only medical
degrees offered in the United States which are listed in the WHO/IMED
list of medical schools.

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Studies Abroad Couns

16. Studies Abroad