Sound serves several purposes in moving images, including making scenes more realistic, anchoring meaning, immersing the audience, conveying emotion, and smoothing edits. Sound can be diegetic, originating from within the story world, or non-diegetic, coming from outside it. Music is used to identify characters, themes, and genres through techniques like leitmotifs. Sound bridges smooth transitions by allowing audio to continue over a video cut.
Basic intro to using Film sound in media product. Some examples of music effects contrapuntal sound and the power of sound in reinforcing meaning in product
The Impact of Cinematography and Editing OptionsPrepareAs .docxoreo10
The Impact of Cinematography and Editing Options
Prepare
As you prepare to write this discussion, take a few moments to do the following:
· Review the Modeled Discussion.
· Read any required and recommended reading materials for this week, especially Chapter 7 from the text.
· Review the grading rubric for this discussion.
· Explore movie clips from the Movieclips website or the Internet Movie Database – IMDB.
Reflect
Choose a clip that you wish to analyze. The clip you choose must be from a film (preferably from a film with which you are familiar) – not a film trailer or a mash-up. Re-watch your chosen movie clip while closely observing the mise en scène. What analysis can you make about the placement and movement of characters and props in the scene as they relate to camera shots, color, lighting, and other elements of cinematography?
Write(due Thursday, Day 3)
In your discussion, analyze at least three elements of cinematography and editing (e.g., lighting, color, shots, focus, transitions, and types of cuts) by evaluating the dramatic impact of the scene. Interpret the scene based on your analysis. In your view, what mood, symbolism, or meaning results from the scene’s creative editing and cinematography?
Include the name or partial name of the film clip you analyzed in the “Subject” line of your discussion. Include the link to your film clip in the body of your post. Your initial post should be at least 200 words in length. Support your claims with examples from the required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references.
Respond to Peers(due Monday, Day 7)
Respond to at least two classmates who reviewed a different clip than your own. After watching the movie clips reviewed by your classmates, compare how the scenes would be different had the editors or cinematographers chosen other options. Your responses should be 125 to 150 words each.
Please view the video Accessing Feedback in the Gradebook for guidance on how to review your instructor’s feedback when the post is graded.
Week 3 Instructor Guidance
Try to imagine a person walking. It could be anyone--male or female-- someone you know, or a famous actor. Can you visualize it?
After a while, this walker comes to a house. We don't really get a chance to look at the exterior of the house too much--maybe the shot is too tight, too closely aligned with Walker's point of view. But anyway, as Walker approaches the door and reaches out for the knob we hear something . . .
What we hear has a huge impact on how we're going to react to what comes next. Imagine that what we hear is:
· A piercing, violently repetitive violin string arrangement (similar to what you might hear in a suspense film Psycho)
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· The deep, resounding sounds of a bass being strummed complete with pauses (similar to what you might hear in a thriller like Jaws)
·
·
· A sprightly piano roll with some sloppy but peppy percussion in the background (similar to what you m ...
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Media Studies Moving image analysis sound
1.
2. Using Sound in Moving Image
What is the purpose or effect of sound in moving image extracts?
3. Using Sound in Moving Image
What is the purpose or effect of sound in moving image extracts?
Sound serves many purposes in moving image work, including;
1. It can make a scene more ‘realistic’/believable by providing the expected accompanying sounds to
an image/action
2. It can anchor meaning to a sequence, either through verbal communication (dialogue, voice over)
or an accompanying soundtrack (music/sound design)
3. It turns a 2 dimensional experience into a more immersive, 3D experience.
4. It can be used to convey additional meaning or information to the audience about a character, their
situation, an event, idea or location.
5. It can encourage an emotional response from the audience (empathy, trepidation)
6. It can be used to identify certain characters/events/themes within a narrative.
7. It can be used to suggest a particular genre, style or idea.
8. It can be used to smooth over transitions and make editing appear less conspicuous.
4. Using Sound in Moving Image
Speech: Dialogue, Narration, monologue
Music: Themes, Soundtrack, Leitmotifs, Underscore, Jingles, Sonic Logos
Sound Effects: Explosions, Sci-fi noises (e.g. light sabres), emphasis from
booms/swooshes)
5. Diegetic vs Non-diegetic
Sound can be divided into 2 main categories
Diegetic and Non-diegetic
Diegesis = ‘the total world of the story action’ (remember extra-diegetic gaze?)
Diegetic sound comes from the text’s ‘own world’. Character’s within the world
can/would be able to hear it. (dialogue, ambient sound, music played on screen (e.g. a
band’s live performance)
Non-diegetic sound is sound that has been added on from our world, rather than
theirs, and would not be audible to them. (e.g. theme music, narration)
More info here http://filmsound.org/terminology/diegetic.htm
7. Diegetic vs Non-diegetic
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juVb1SDHWrk
Some filmmakers deliberately play around with this idea for artistic or humorous purposes
‘The amazing Non-Diegetic Balloons’
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KUZVwsjTvw
Stranger Than Fiction
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6hnxtl4g9M
Blazing Saddles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2xYaL_Mheg
8. Synchronous vs Asynchronous
‘Synchronous’ or in synch with refers to sound that matches what we see visually.
Asynchronous sound is sound that doesn’t. Both synchronous and asynchronous sound
could be diegetic or non-diegetic, depending on the context.
For instance if we see Character A making a phone call to Character B, but we can only
see Character A in their house (B is in another country and off screen) but we can hear
both of their voices clearly, both sounds are diegetic as they are from the character’s
world. But, only Character A’s sound is synchronous. B’s voice does not match what is
on screen, so is asynchronous.
Equally, most non-diegetic sound, such as the Jaws theme might be considered
asynchronous as it doesn’t match what we see on screen. But some non-diegetic
sound may be added to emphasise a certain movement or cut (boom!), or the action or
editing may be happening in time with the music. In which case it could be considered
synchronous.
9. Sound bridge
Video Clip 2Video Clip 1
Audio Clip 1 Audio Clip 2
This is a film and TV editing technique in which visual cuts are deliberately not
matched with audio cuts.
For example the editor may cut to a new scene but allow sound from the preceding
scene to run on for a short time. Alternatively we may hear the sound of the next
scene before we see it. Or instead of a straight cut we may hear both sounds overlaid
as is fades from one to the other.
This device is used for various purposes: for instance to smooth over breaks, to avoid a
‘jump cut’ or to create variation and interest during a dialogue sequence.
Video cut
Audio cut/fade
Time>>>>
Time>>>>
10. Sound bridge
Watch the example videos in the playlist and play close attention to the
sound. Notice how it begins and ends either before or after the image
changes, smoothing the edit.
11. Music in Moving Image
Themes, in musical terms this is usually an instrumental piece that
opens and/or closes a film or TV programme. It identifies the film to
audience and acts almost like a kind of branding. When you hear John
Williams’ Indiana Jones theme, or The Rembrandts I’ll Be There For
it is hard not to think of the texts they have come to represent.
Films are increasingly use pop songs rather than bespoke orchestral
scores, since these bring with them many of their own
associations/connotations and can market the film/TV show to
audiences. The soundtrack album can also be a great source of income
as well as a marketing tool.
For instance, the film This Is England uses a lot of classic 60s and 70s
and reggae, indicating an era and a social group, which would attract a
loyal fan base.
12. Music in Moving Image
Leitmotifs, are types of themes or musical phrases that usually occur in film
music, although their origin is in classical music and opera (Wagner). They
function within the narrative to identify certain elements
(characters/places/etc). John Williams’ Star Wars score used a lot.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrbAg3zkpg4
Star Wars Main Theme, The Imperial March (Darth Vader), Jedi Theme
Sound logos/sonic branding are terms for the little mini-themes associated
with certain products.
See videos in playlist for examples
13. Counterpoint
Music can sometimes be used as an interesting contrast or juxtaposition to
what we see on screen.
Another example might be the use of children singing or fairground music in
a horror film