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The document discusses the structure of medical language. It covers the origins of medical terminology from Latin and Greek, how medical words are formed using combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes, and provides examples of common word parts. The objectives are to learn the basics of medical terminology including word structures, meanings, spellings, and pronunciations.

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MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee IImmmmeerrssee YYoouurrsseellff CHAPTER Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley 1 Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved THIRD EDITION The Structure of Medical Language
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 1. Identify the five skills of medical Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved language communication. 2. Describe the origins of medical language. 3. Recognize common Latin and Greek singular nouns and form their plurals. 4. Describe characteristics of combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes.
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 5. Give the medical meaning of common Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved word parts. 6. Divide medical words into word parts and build medical words from word parts. 7. Spell and pronounce common medical words.
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 8. Describe the format and contents of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved the medical record. 9. Dive deeper into medical language by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com.
MMuullttiimmeeddiiaa DDiirreeccttoorryy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Slide 11Effective Communication Video Slide 111Patient Histories Video Slide 112Taking Vital Signs Video Slide 114Paramedic Career Video
WWeellccoommee ttoo MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee!! • Medical language is the language of the healthcare profession, and medical words are the tools of the trade. • Learning medical language is your key to a successful career in the healthcare field. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-1 Medical language. Keith Brofsky/Getty Images 1-1
MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn 1-1 • Communication in any language consists of five language skills. • These same five language skills are important in medical language.
1-1 The FFiivvee MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee SSkkiillllss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1. Reading 2. Listening 3. Thinking, analyzing, and understanding 4. Writing (or typing) and spelling 5. Speaking and pronouncing
Figure 1-2 Medical language communication. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Charles Thatcher/Getty 1-1
Effective CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of effective communication. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-1
TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 • Etymology is the study of word origins. • Many words have come from other languages. • Many medical words come from the ancient Latin or Greek languages.
TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 • Some medical words are identical to Latin or Greek words. • Some medical words are similar (but not identical) to Latin or Greek words. • Some medical words are similar to words from old English, Dutch, and French.
TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee Medical Word Language of Origin nucleus Latin nucleus pelvis Latin pelvis sinus Latin sinus paranoia Greek paranoia thorax Greek thorax 1-2
TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 Medical Word Language of Origin artery Latin arteria muscle Latin musculus vein Latin vena phobia Greek phobos sperm Greek sperma
TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 Medical Word Language of Origin bladder English blaedre heart English heorte drug Dutch droog physician French physicien
MMeeddiiccaall SSiinngguullaarr aanndd PPlluurraall NNoouunnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Latin Singular Ending How to Form the Plural Example -a Change -a to -ae vertebra → vertebrae -us Change -us to -i bronchus → bronchi -um Change -um to -a bacterium → bacteria -is Change -is to -es testis → testes -ex Change -ex to -ices apex → apices 1-3
MMeeddiiccaall SSiinngguullaarr aanndd PPlluurraall NNoouunnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Greek Singular Ending How to Form the Plural Example -is Change -is to -ides iris → irides -nx Change -nx to -nges phalanx → phalanges -oma Change -oma to -omata fibroma → fibromata -on Change -on to -a ganglion → ganglia 1-3
MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss • Medical language contains medical words. • Most medical words contain word parts. • Word parts are puzzle pieces that, when fit together, build a medical word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss There are three different kinds of word parts. Word Part Meaning combining form the foundation of the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved word suffix the word ending prefix an optional word beginning 1-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-3 Combining form. 1-4
MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss • Characteristics of a Combining Form  Is the foundation of a word  Gives the word its main medical meaning  Has a root, a forward slash, a combining vowel, and a final hyphen Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss • Characteristics of a Combining Form  Most medical words contain a combining form.  Sometimes a medical word contains two or more combining forms, one right after the other. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning abdomin/o- abdomen append/o- appendix arteri/o- artery intestin/o- intestine laryng/o- larynx (voice box) muscul/o- muscle thyroid/o- thyroid gland tonsill/o- tonsil Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ven/o- vein 1-5
CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning arthr/o- joint cardi/o- heart derm/o- skin gastr/o- stomach mamm/o- breast nas/o- nose psych/o- mind Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning cholecyst/o- gallbladder cost/o- rib enter/o- intestine hepat/o- liver hyster/o- uterus lapar/o- abdomen Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: SSuuffffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Suffix  A suffix is a word part that is at the end of a word.  A suffix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form.  A suffix is a single letter or group of letters that begins with a hyphen. 1-4
Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: SSuuffffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Suffix  Most medical words contain a suffix.  Occasionally, a medical word has two suffixes. Examples: nutritional, personality, incisional. 1-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-4 Suffix. 1-4
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr AAddjjeeccttiivveess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ac pertaining to cardiac (pertaining to the -al pertaining to intestinal (pertaining to the -ar pertaining to muscular (pertaining to the -ary pertaining to urinary (pertaining to the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition heart) intestine) muscle) urine) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr AAddjjeeccttiivveess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ic pertaining to pelvic (pertaining to the -ine pertaining to uterine (pertaining to the -ive pertaining to digestive (pertaining to -ous pertaining to venous (pertaining to a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition pelvis) uterus) break[ing] down food) vein) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr PPrroocceesssseess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Definition -ation a process; being or having urination (a process [of making] urine) -ion action; condition digestion (action of break[ing] down food) 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiisseeaasseess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Definition -ia condition; state; thing pneumonia (condition of the lung) -ism process; disease from a specific cause hypothyroidism (disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland [hormone]) -itis inflammation of; infection of tonsillitis (infection of the tonsil) -megaly enlargement cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart) -oma tumor; mass neuroma (tumor on a nerve) -osis condition; abnormal condition; process psychosis (abnormal condition of the mind) -pathy disease arthropathy (disease of a joint)
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiiaaggnnoossttiicc,, MMeeddiiccaall,, aanndd SSuurrggiiccaall PPrroocceedduurreess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ectomy surgical removal appendectomy (surgical -gram a record or picture mammogram (a record or -graphy process of recording mammography (process of -metry process of measuring spirometry (process of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition removal of the appendix) picture of the breast) recording the breast) measuring the breathing) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved -scope instrument used to examine colonoscope (instrument used to examine the colon) 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiiaaggnnoossttiicc,, MMeeddiiccaall,, aanndd SSuurrggiiccaall PPrroocceedduurreess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved -scopy process of using an instrument to examine gastroscopy (process of using an instrument to examine the stomach) -stomy surgically created opening colostomy (surgically created opening in the colon) -therapy treatment psychotherapy (treatment of the mind) -tomy process of cutting or making an incision laparotomy (process of cutting or making an incision in the abdomen) 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess aanndd SSppeecciiaalliissttss Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -iatry medical treatment psychiatry (medical -ics knowledge; practice dietetics (knowledge and -ist one who specializes in therapist (one who -logy the study of cardiology (the study of the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition treatment for the mind) practice of foods and diet) specializes in therapy) heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: PPrreeffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Prefix  A prefix is a word part that, if present, is at the beginning of a word.  A prefix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form.  A prefix is a single letter or group of letters that ends with a hyphen.  Occasionally, a medical word has two prefixes. 1-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-5 Prefix. 1-4
Prefixes ffoorr LLooccaattiioonn oorr DDiirreeccttiioonn Prefix Medical Meaning Example and endo- innermost; within endotracheal (pertaining to epi- upon; above epidermal (pertaining to inter- between intercostal (pertaining to intra- within intravenous (pertaining to Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition within the trachea) upon the skin) between the ribs) within a vein) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
Prefixes ffoorr LLooccaattiioonn oorr DDiirreeccttiioonn Prefix Medical Meaning Example and peri- around pericardial (pertaining to post- after; behind postnasal (pertaining to Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition around the heart) behind the nose) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved pre- before; in front of premenstrual (pertaining to before the monthly discharge of blood) sub- below; underneath subcutaneous (pertaining to underneath the skin) trans- across; through transvaginal (pertaining to through the vagina) 1-5
PPrreeffiixxeess ffoorr AAmmoouunntt,, NNuummbbeerr,, oorr SSppeeeedd Prefix Medical Meaning Example and bi- two bilateral (pertaining to two brady- slow bradycardia (condition of a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition sides) slow heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved hemi- one half hemiplegia (condition of one half [of the body with] paralysis) hyper- above; more than normal hypertension (condition of more than normal pressure) hypo- below; deficient hypothyroidism (disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland [hormone]) 1-5
PPrreeffiixxeess ffoorr AAmmoouunntt,, NNuummbbeerr,, oorr SSppeeeedd Prefix Medical Meaning Example and poly- many; much polyneuritis (inflammation quadri- four quadriplegia (condition of tachy- fast tachycardia (condition of a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition of many nerves) four [limbs with] paralysis) fast heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved tri- three trigeminal (pertaining to three [nerve branches in a] group) 1-5
Prefixes ffoorr DDeeggrreeee oorr QQuuaalliittyy Prefix Medical Meaning Example and a- away from; without aspermia (condition [of an- without; not anesthesia (condition [of anti- against antibiotic (pertaining to de- reversal of; without dementia (condition [of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition being] without sperm) being] without sensation) against living organisms) being] without a mind) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
Prefixes ffoorr DDeeggrreeee oorr QQuuaalliittyy Prefix Medical Meaning Example and Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved dys- painful; difficult; abnormal dysphagia (condition of painful or difficult eating and swallowing) eu- normal; good euthyroidism (process of normal thyroid gland [function]) mal- bad; inadequate malnutrition (being or having inadequate nourishment) re- again and again respiration (a process of again and again breathing) 1-5
AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm aanndd SSuuffffiixx • Divide the medical word into its combining form and suffix. • Give the meaning of each word part. • Put the word part meanings in order, beginning with the suffix, then the combining form. Then add small connecting words to make the definition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm aanndd SSuuffffiixx Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 cardiology combining form suffix cardiology: the study of (the) heart (and related structures)
AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: PPrreeffiixx,, CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm,, aanndd SSuuffffiixx • Divide the medical word into its prefix, combining form, and suffix. • Give the meaning of each word part. • Put the word part meanings in order, beginning with the suffix, then the prefix, then the combining form. Then add small connecting words to make the definition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt • Select the suffix and combining form whose meanings match the definition of the medical word. • Change the order of the word parts to put the suffix last. • Because the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the combining form's vowel. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt • Delete the forward slash and hyphen from the combining form. • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. Then, join the two word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 the study of the heart suffix combining form
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell • Select the suffix and combining form whose meanings match the definition of the medical word. • Change the order of the word parts to put the suffix last. • Because the suffix begins with a vowel, delete the combining form's vowel. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell • Delete the forward slash, combining vowel, and hyphen from the combining form. • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. Then, join the two word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 pertaining to the heart suffix combining form
BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: CCoonnttaaiinnss aa PPrreeffiixx • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. • Join the three word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
BBuuiillddiinngg MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: CCoonnttaaiinnss aa PPrreeffiixx Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 pertaining to within the heart combining suffix prefix form
Classroom Response Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved System
WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. intra- B. -ectomy C.ven/o- D.poly- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. intra- B. -ectomy C.ven/o- D.poly- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
The medical wwoorrdd ddiivveerrttiiccuulluumm iiss aa 1-6 LLaattiinn nnoouunn.. TToo mmaakkee tthhee pplluurraall ffoorrmm,, yyoouu wwoouulldd cchhaannggee tthhee wwoorrdd eennddiinngg --uumm ttoo:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved A. -a B. -ices C. -us D.-ae
The medical wwoorrdd ddiivveerrttiiccuulluumm iiss aa 1-6 LLaattiinn nnoouunn.. TToo mmaakkee tthhee pplluurraall ffoorrmm,, yyoouu wwoouulldd cchhaannggee tthhee wwoorrdd eennddiinngg --uumm ttoo:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved A.-a B. -ices C. -us D.-ae
The ppaarrttss ooff mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrddss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ccaann iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. combining forms. B. suffixes. C. prefixes. D.all of the above.
The ppaarrttss ooff mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrddss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ccaann iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. combining forms. B. suffixes. C. prefixes. D.all of the above.
AA ssuuffffiixx iiss ffoouunndd aatt tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg ooff tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
AA ssuuffffiixx iiss ffoouunndd aatt tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg ooff tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B.false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AA pprreeffiixx:: 1-4 A. is always at the end of a medical word. B. is always at the beginning of a medical word. C.never ends in a vowel. D.never attaches to the beginning of a combining form.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AA pprreeffiixx:: 1-4 A. is always at the end of a medical word. B.is always at the beginning of a medical word. C.never ends in a vowel. D.never attaches to the beginning of a combining form.
TThhee ppaarrttss ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ffoorrmm iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. a root and a suffix. B. a root and a prefix. C. a root and a combining vowel. D.a combining vowel and a prefix.
TThhee ppaarrttss ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ffoorrmm iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. a root and a suffix. B. a root and a prefix. C.a root and a combining vowel. D.a combining vowel and a prefix.
IIss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm ffoouunndd aatt tthhee eenndd ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd?? A. yes B.no Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
IIss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm ffoouunndd aatt tthhee eenndd ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd?? A. yes B.no Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
TThhee ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell ggiivveess mmeeaanniinngg ttoo tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
TThhee ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell ggiivveess mmeeaanniinngg ttoo tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B.false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
In the mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd ppssyycchhoollooggyy,, wwhhiicchh ppaarrtt iiss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. psych B. -logy C. -o D.psych/o- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
In the mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd ppssyycchhoollooggyy,, wwhhiicchh ppaarrtt iiss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. psych B. -logy C. -o D.psych/o- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
WWhhiicchh iiss tthhee mmoosstt ccoommmmoonn ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. a B. o C.e D.i
WWhhiicchh iiss tthhee mmoosstt ccoommmmoonn ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. a B.o C.e D.i
A suffix, bbyy iittsseellff,, ccaannnnoott bbee tthhee ffoouunnddaattiioonn ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
A suffix, bbyy iittsseellff,, ccaannnnoott bbee tthhee ffoouunnddaattiioonn ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A.true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
TThhee ssuuffffiixxeess --aacc,, --aall,, --aarr,, --aarryy,, aanndd --oouuss aallll mmeeaann:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. a process; being or having. B. pertaining to. C. diagnosis. D.action; condition.
TThhee ssuuffffiixxeess --aacc,, --aall,, --aarr,, --aarryy,, aanndd --oouuss aallll mmeeaann:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. a process; being or having. B.pertaining to. C. diagnosis. D.action; condition.
SSuuffffiixxeess ssuucchh aass ––iiaattrryy,, --iisstt,, aanndd --llooggyy ddeessccrriibbee:: A.medical specialties or specialists. B. procedures or instruments. C. diseases. D.colors. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
SSuuffffiixxeess ssuucchh aass ––iiaattrryy,, --iisstt,, aanndd --llooggyy ddeessccrriibbee:: A.medical specialties or specialists. B. procedures or instruments. C. diseases. D.colors. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
Suffixes beginning wwiitthh aa ccoonnssoonnaanntt ccaann bbee jjooiinneedd ttoo tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm bbyy:: A. adding an o to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. B. keeping the combining form's combining vowel. C.adding an i to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. D.dropping all vowels. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
Suffixes beginning wwiitthh aa ccoonnssoonnaanntt ccaann bbee jjooiinneedd ttoo tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm bbyy:: A. adding an o to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. B.keeping the combining form's combining vowel. C.adding an i to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. D.dropping all vowels. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
PPrreeffiixxeess ssuucchh aass hhyyppeerr-- aanndd ppoollyy-- iinnddiiccaattee:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. time or speed. B. a characteristic. C.amount or number. D.weight.
PPrreeffiixxeess ssuucchh aass hhyyppeerr-- aanndd ppoollyy-- iinnddiiccaattee:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. time or speed. B. a characteristic. C.amount or number. D.weight.
IInn tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd hhyyppootthhyyrrooiiddiissmm,, tthhee ssuuffffiixx --iissmm mmeeaannss:: A. a condition, state, or thing. B. pertaining to. C. a disease from a specific cause. D.medical treatment. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
IInn tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd hhyyppootthhyyrrooiiddiissmm,, tthhee ssuuffffiixx --iissmm mmeeaannss:: A. a condition; state; thing. B. pertaining to. C.a disease from a specific cause. D.medical treatment. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
WWhhiicchh ssuuffffiixx mmeeaannss pprroocceessss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ooff rreeccoorrddiinngg?? 1-5 A. -pathy B. -graphy C. -ation D.-iatry
WWhhiicchh ssuuffffiixx mmeeaannss pprroocceessss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ooff rreeccoorrddiinngg?? 1-5 A. -pathy B.-graphy C. -ation D.-iatry
Medical words mmuusstt bbee ddeeffiinneedd bbyy aannaallyyzziinngg tthheemm,, bbeeggiinnnniinngg wwiitthh tthhee:: A. prefix. B. combining form. C. suffix. D.latin part of the word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
Medical words mmuusstt bbee ddeeffiinneedd bbyy aannaallyyzziinngg tthheemm,, bbeeggiinnnniinngg wwiitthh tthhee:: A. prefix. B. combining form. C.suffix. D.latin part of the word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ssuuffffiixx?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. -ia B. post- C.dys- D.nas/o-
WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ssuuffffiixx?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A.-ia B. post- C.dys- D.nas/o-
PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Knowing the definition of a medical word is important. • Being able to pronounce the medical word correctly is equally important. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Follow these simple directions for pronouncing medical words:  Say each syllable by following the “see-and- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved say” pronunciation.  Accented syllables are in all capital letters. 1-7
PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Follow these simple directions for pronouncing medical words:  Secondary accented syllables are in smaller capital letters.  Practice pronouncing the word several times until you have mastered its pronunciation. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss appendectomy (AP-en-DEK-toh-mee) arthritis (ar-THRY-tis) gastric (GAS-trik) laryngitis (LAIR-in-JY-tis) mammography (mam-AW-grah-fee) pneumonia (noo-MOHN-yah) therapist (THAIR-ah-pist) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The medical record is where healthcare professionals document all care provided to a patient. • It contains not only medical documents, but those that are also legal documents that can be used in a court of law. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The paper medical record has been the traditional form of a medical record, but it has some disadvantages:  Only one person can access it at a time.  It can become lost or damaged, and it can take time to retrieve a patient's past medical records. • This delay can compromise the delivery Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved of quality care. 1-8
CCoommppuutteerriizzeedd PPaattiieenntt Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved RReeccoorrddss ((CCPPRRss)) 1-8 • Most physicians' offices, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities have converted to computerized patient records (CPRs). • Healthcare professionals can have immediate access to both current and previous medical records.
Figure 1-6 Computerized patient record (CPR). Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved auremar/Fotolia. 1-8
TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The electronic patient record (EPR), electronic medical record (EMR), or electronic health record (EHR) provides seamless, immediate, and simultaneous access by many healthcare professionals to all parts of a patient's record regardless of where those parts were created or stored. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
SSttaannddaarrdd HHeeaaddiinnggss iinn HHoossppiittaall AAddmmiissssiioonn aanndd DDiisscchhaarrggee DDooccuummeennttss • Chief Complaint (CC) • History of Present Illness (HPI) • Past Medical (and Surgical) History (PMH) • Social History (SH) and Family History (FH) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
SSttaannddaarrdd HHeeaaddiinnggss iinn HHoossppiittaall AAddmmiissssiioonn aanndd DDiisscchhaarrggee DDooccuummeennttss • Review of Systems (ROS) • Physical Examination (PE) • Laboratory and X-ray Data • Diagnosis (Dx) • Disposition Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • Consent to Treatment Forms  Before patients can be treated at any type of healthcare facility, they must sign consent to treatment forms that give the physicians and other healthcare professionals the right to treat them. • Treatment without consent is against the law and is considered to be battery (touching another person without his or her consent). 1-8
TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • Consent to Treatment Forms  For patients who are minors, the parent or legal guardian signs the consent to treatment. • In an emergency situation, care is provided until the appropriate person is able to consent. 1-8
TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd 1-8 • Patients must sign another consent form if they are to have surgery. • Prior to a surgery, the physician describes the purpose of the surgery and informs the patient of alternatives, risks, and possible complications.
TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996.  Patients must also sign a form allowing the facility to contact their insurance companies to obtain payment for the health care provided. 1-8
TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996.  All healthcare settings must provide patients with a statement verifying that their medical record information is secure and is only released to authorized healthcare providers, insurance companies, or to healthcare quality monitoring organizations. 1-8
PPaattiieenntt HHiissttoorriieess VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of taking patient histories. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-8
VViittaall SSiiggnnss VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of taking vital signs. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-8
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonnss CC chief complaint CPR computerized patient record D/C* discharge; discontinue DS discharge summary Dx diagnosis EHR electronic health record EMR electronic medical record EPR electronic patient record FH family history H&P history and physical (examination) HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (pronounced “HIP-ah”) HPI history of present illness ISMP Institute for Safe Medication Practices PE physical examination PMH past medical history ROS review of systems SH social history 1-8
PPaarraammeeddiicc CCaarreeeerr VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of paramedics and emergency Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved medicine. Back to Directory 1-8
CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss MMaattcchh UUpp Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1. arthr/o- 2. gastr/o- 3. lapar/o- 4. nas/o- 5. phag/o-a. eating b. abdomen c. nose d. joint e. stomach 1-5
MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee IImmmmeerrssee YYoouurrsseellff CHAPTER Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley 2 Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved THIRD EDITION The Body in Health and Disease
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 1. Describe approaches used to organize information about the human body. 2. Identify body planes and directions, body cavities, body systems, and medical specialties. 3. Describe various categories of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved diseases. 4. Describe techniques used to perform a physical examination.
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 5. Describe categories of healthcare professionals and settings in which health care is given. 6. Give the medical meaning of word parts and abbreviations related to the body, health, and disease. 7. Build medical words about the body, health, and disease from word parts and divide and define words. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 8. Spell and pronounce medical words about the body, health, and disease. 9. Dive deeper into the body, health, and disease by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
MMuullttiimmeeddiiaa DDiirreeccttoorryy Slide 22Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Video Slide 53Introduction to Body Systems Animation Slide 99Physical Examination Video Slide 100Hand Hygiene and Gloving Video Slide 130Health Information Management Video 1 Slide 131Health Information Management Video 2 Slide 132Health Information Management Video 3 Slide 133Health Information Management Video 4 Slide 134Health Information Management Video 5 Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
TThhee BBooddyy iinn HHeeaalltthh • Seven different approaches for studying the body: 1. Body planes and body directions 2. Body cavities 3. Body quadrants and regions 4. Anatomy and physiology 5. Microscopic to macroscopic 6. Body systems 7. Medical specialties Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Figure 2-1 Human body in anatomical position. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy PPllaanneess aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • When the human body is in anatomical position, it can be studied by dividing it with planes. • A plane is an imaginary flat surface, like a plate of glass, that divides the body into two parts. • There are three body planes: coronal plane, sagittal plane, and transverse plane.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy PPllaanneess aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • These body planes divide the body into front and back, right and left, and top and bottom sections. • Body directions represent movement away from or toward those planes.
Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The coronal plane (or frontal plane) is a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back sections. • The coronal plane is named for the coronal suture in the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-2 Coronal plane. 2-1
Figure 2-3 Coronal and sagittal sutures of the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The front of the body is the anterior or ventral section. • The back of the body is the posterior or dorsal section. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Lying with the anterior section of the body down is being in the prone position. • Lying with the posterior section of the body down is being in the dorsal or supine position. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Figure 2-4 Anterior and posterior directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-5 Posteroanterior direction. 2-1
Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sections. • The sagittal plane is named for the sagittal suture in the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • If this plane divides the body at the midline into equal right and left sections, then it is a midsagittal plane. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Moving from the side of the body toward the midline is moving in a medial direction, or medially. • Moving from the midline toward the side of the body is moving in a lateral direction, or laterally. • Bilateral indicates both sides. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-6 Sagittal plane. 2-1
Figure 2-7 Midsagittal view of the head on an MRI scan. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DrUnique/Custom Medical Stock 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMRRII VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of MRI. Back to Directory 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-8 Medial and lateral directions. 2-1
TTrraannssvveerrssee PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower sections. • The upper half of the body is the superior section, and the lower half is the inferior section.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-9 Transverse plane. 2-1
Figure 2-10 Superior and inferior sections. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
TTrraannssvveerrssee PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Moving toward the head is moving in a superior direction, or superiorly.  This is also the cephalad direction. • Moving toward the tail bone is moving in an inferior direction, or inferiorly.  This is also the caudad direction. 2-1
Figure 2-11 Cephalad and caudad directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
OOtthheerr BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLooccaattiioonnss 2-1 • Moving from the trunk of the body toward the end of a limb (arm or leg) is moving in a distal direction, or distally. • Moving from the end of a limb toward the trunk of the body is moving in a proximal direction, or proximally.
Figure 2-12 Distal and proximal directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
OOtthheerr BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLooccaattiioonnss 2-1 • Structures on the surface of the body are superficial or external. • Structures below the surface and inside the body are deep or internal.
Figure 2-13 External and internal locations. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The human body can be studied according to its body cavities and their internal organs. • A cavity is a hollow space that is surrounded by bones or muscles. • The cranial cavity lies within and is protected by the cranium.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The spinal cavity or spinal canal is a continuation of the cranial cavity as it travels down the midline of the back. • The spinal cavity lies within and is protected by the bones (vertebrae) of the spine. • The spinal cavity contains the spinal cord, the spinal nerves, and spinal fluid.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The thoracic cavity lies within the chest and is protected by the breast bone (sternum) anteriorly, the ribs bilaterally, and the bones of the spine posteriorly.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The inferior border of the thoracic cavity is the large, muscular diaphragm that functions during respiration. • The thoracic cavity contains the lungs.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The abdominal cavity lies within the abdomen and is protected by the abdominal wall anteriorly, and the bones of the spine posteriorly. • The pelvic cavity is a continuation of the abdominal cavity and is surrounded by the pelvic (hip) bones anteriorly and bilaterally, and the bones of the spine posteriorly.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • These two cavities are often called the abdominopelvic cavity because it is one continuous cavity with no dividing structure.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-14 Body cavities. 2-2
BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss • The human body can be studied according to its quadrants and regions. • The anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area can be divided into four quadrants or nine regions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • The four quadrants include: 1. Right upper quadrant (RUQ) 2. Left upper quadrant (LUQ) 3. Right lower quadrant (RLQ) 4. Left lower quadrant (LLQ) 2-2
Figure 2-15 Quadrants of the abdominopelvic area. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • The nine regions include the:  Right and left hypochondriac  Epigastric  Right and left lumbar  Umbilical  Right and left inguinal or iliac  Hypogastric 2-2
Figure 2-16 Regions of the abdominopelvic area. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
AAnnaattoommyy aanndd PPhhyyssiioollooggyy • Anatomy is the study of the structures of the human body. • Physiology is the study of the function of those structures. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
MMiiccrroossccooppiicc ttoo MMaaccrroossccooppiicc • Most cells and cellular structures are microscopic in size and can be seen only through a microscope. • Some cells, such as a female ovum, can be seen with the naked eye. • Cells combine to form tissues, and tissues combine to form organs. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
Figure 2-17 Using a microscope to study the human body. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ©Darren Baker/Fotolia 2-2
MMiiccrroossccooppiicc ttoo MMaaccrroossccooppiicc • Tissues and organs are macroscopic and can be seen with the naked eye. • Organs combine to form a body system. • The human body contains several different body systems. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Gastrointestinal (Gl) system  Respiratory system  Cardiovascular (CV) system  Blood  Lymphatic system 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Integumentary system  Skeletal system  Muscular system  Nervous system  Urinary system 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Male genital and reproductive system  Female genital and reproductive system  Endocrine system 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Eyes  Ears, nose, and throat (ENT) system 2-2
IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss AAnniimmaattiioonn Click on the screenshot to view an animation on the topic of body systems. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 2-2
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess • The human body can be studied according to the medical specialties that make up the practice of medicine. • Each medical specialty includes the anatomy, physiology, diseases, laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs for that body system. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Gastroenterology  Gastrointestinal system  A gastroenterologist is a physician who specializes in gastroenterology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Pulmonology  Respiratory system  A pulmonologist is a physician who specializes in pulmonology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Pulmonology Respiratory System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Cardiology  Cardiovascular system  A cardiologist is a physician who specializes in cardiology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Cardiology Cardiovascular System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hematology  Blood  A hematologist is a physician who specializes in hematology. 2-2
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Immunology  Blood, lymphatic system  A immunologist is a physician who specializes in immunology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Immunology Immune System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Dermatology  Integumentary system  A dermatologist is a physician who specializes in dermatology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Dermatology Integumentary System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Orthopedics  Skeletal system  An orthopedist is a physician who specializes in orthopedics. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Orthopedics Skeletal System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Orthopedics  Muscular system 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Orthopedics Muscular System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Neurology  Nervous system  A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Neurology Nervous System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Urology  Urinary system  A urologist is a physician who specializes in urology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Urology Urinary System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Male Reproductive Medicine  Male genital and reproductive system  A reproductive specialist is a physician who specializes in reproductive medicine. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Male Reproductive Medicine Male Genital and Reproductive System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Gynecology and Obstetrics  Female genital and reproductive system  A gynecologist is a physician who specializes in gynecology. An obstetrician is a physician who specializes in obstetrics. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Gynecology and Obstetrics Female Genital and Reproductive System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Endocrinology  Endocrine system  An endocrinologist is a physician who specializes in endocrinology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Endocrinology Endocrine System
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Ophthalmology  Eyes  An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in ophthalmology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Opthalmology Eyes
MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Otolaryngology  Ears, nose, and throat (ENT) system  An otolaryngologist is a physician who specializes in otolaryngology. 2-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Otolaryngology Ears, Nose, and Throat System
OOtthheerr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess • Other medical specialties that are not directly related to a body system include: Medical Specialty Description Psychiatry study and treatment of the mind Oncology study and treatment of cancer Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Dentistry study and treatment of the teeth Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley use of x-rays, sound waves, and other forms of radiation and energy to diagnose and treat disease Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved and gums 2-2
OOtthheerr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess 2-2 Medical Specialty Description Dietetics study and use of nutrition, nutrients, Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved and diet Pharmacology study of drugs used as medicines Neonatology study and treatment of newborn infants Pediatrics study and treatment of children Geriatrics study and treatment of the elderly
TThhee BBooddyy iinn DDiisseeaassee • Preventive medicine is the healthcare specialty that focuses on keeping a person healthy and preventing disease. • Much of medical language deals with diseases and how they are diagnosed and treated. • Disease is any change in the normal structure or function of the body. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
TThhee BBooddyy iinn DDiisseeaassee • The etiology is the cause or origin of a disease. • In most cases, the cause of a disease is known or can be discovered through medical testing. In some cases, the exact cause of a disease is never completely understood. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
DDiisseeaassee CCaatteeggoorriieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Congenital • Degenerative • Environmental • Hereditary • Iatrogenic • Idiopathic • Infectious • Neoplastic • Nosocomial • Nutritional 2-3
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The onset of disease is often noticed because of symptoms and/or signs. • A symptom is any deviation from health that is experienced or felt by the patient. • When a symptom can be seen or detected by others, it is known as a sign. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Symptomatology is the clinical picture of all the patient's symptoms and signs. • A syndrome is a set of symptoms and signs associated with, and characteristic of, one particular disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Patients who are asymptomatic (showing no symptoms or signs) can still have a disease, but one that can only be detected by medical tests. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician takes a history and performs a physical examination. • For the history of the present illness, the physician asks the patient in detail about the location, onset, duration, and severity of the symptoms. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician also asks about the patient's past medical history, past surgical history, family history, social history, and history of allergies to drugs. • After taking the patient's history, the physician performs a physical examination to look for signs of disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician uses the following techniques (as needed) during the physical examination: inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-18 Inspection. S. O’Brien/Custom Medical Stock Publishers 2-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-19 Palpation. 2-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-20 Auscultation. 2-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-21 Percussion. 2-4
EExxaammiinnaattiioonn TTeecchhnniiqquueess VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of physical examination Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved techniques. Back to Directory 2-4
Hand Hygiene aanndd GGlloovviinngg VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of hand hygiene and gloving. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 2-4
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Based on the patient's history and results of the physical examination, the physician makes a diagnosis and identifies the nature and cause of the disease or condition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • If the physician cannot make a final diagnosis, a temporary or working diagnosis is assigned and the patient is scheduled to undergo further diagnostic tests or referred to a specialist. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The course of a disease includes all events from the onset of the disease until its final outcome. • Symptoms and signs may be:  Acute (sudden in nature and severe in intensity),  Subacute (less severe in intensity), or  Chronic (continuing for three months or more) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • An exacerbation is a sudden worsening in the severity of the symptoms or signs. • Remission is a temporary improvement in the symptoms and signs of a disease without the underlying disease being cured. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • A relapse or recurrence is a return of the original symptoms and signs of the disease. • A sequela is an abnormal condition or complication that arises because of the original disease and remains after the original disease has resolved. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician prescribes drugs or orders therapy for the patient. • If the treatment is therapeutic, the symptoms or signs of the disease disappear. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • A disease that is refractory (resistant) is one that does not respond to treatment. • Certain diseases that cannot be treated with drugs or therapy may require surgery. • The prognosis is the predicted outcome of the disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The prognosis is the predicted outcome of a disease. • The course of a disease ends in one of the following outcomes: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Recuperation or recovery  Disability  Terminal illness 2-3
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician (or doctor)  The leader of the healthcare team who examines the patient, orders tests, diagnoses diseases, and treats diseases by prescribing drugs or therapy.  Surgeons are physicians who complete additional training in surgical techniques. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician (or doctor)  Primary care physicians (PCPs) specialize in family practice or pediatrics.  A physician or doctor who is on the medical staff of a hospital and admits a patient to the hospital is known as the attending physician. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician Extenders  Healthcare professionals who work under the supervision of a physician or doctor (MD or DO) to examine, diagnose, and treat patients and sometimes prescribe medications. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician Extenders  Examples include: • physician's assistants (PAs). • nurse practitioners (NPs). • certified nurse midwives (CNMs). • certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs). 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Allied Health Professionals  Nurses (registered nurse [RN], licensed practical nurse [LPN], or licensed vocational nurse [LVN]) examines patients, makes nursing diagnoses, and administers treatments or drugs ordered by the physician.  Nurses give hands-on care and focus on the physical and emotional needs of the patient and the family. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss • Other Allied Health Professionals Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Technologists  Technicians  Therapists  Dietitians  Medical assistants  Phlebotomists  Dental hygienists  Audiologists 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Traditional setting for providing care for patients who are acutely ill and require medical or surgical care for longer than 24 hours.  The attending physician must write an order in the patient's medical record to admit or discharge the patient.  A patient in the hospital is an inpatient. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Divided into floors or nursing units that provide care for specific types of patients. There are also specialty care units such as the intensive care unit (ICU). 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Ancillary departments provide additional types of services and include radiology, physical therapy (PT), dietary, emergency (ED or ER), clinical laboratory, and pharmacy. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician's Office  One of the most frequently used healthcare settings  A single physician (or group of physicians) maintains an office where patients are seen, diagnosed, treated, and counseled. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician's Office  Some offices have their own laboratory and x-ray equipment for performing diagnostic tests.  Seriously ill patients who cannot be quickly diagnosed or adequately treated in the office are sent to a hospital. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Clinic  Provides healthcare services similar to that of a physician's office, but for just one type of patient or one type of disease  For example, a well-baby clinic provides care to newborn infants. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Clinic  Outpatient clinics are located in a hospital or in their own separate facility and their patients are outpatients because they are not admitted to the hospital and do not stay overnight in the clinic. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss • Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC)  A facility where minor surgery is performed and the patient does not stay overnight. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Long-Term Care Facility  Primarily a residential facility for older adults or those with disabilities who are unable to care for themselves  Provides 24-hour nursing care  Persons in long-term care facilities are called residents rather than patients because the facility is their home. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Long-Term Care Facility  Skilled nursing facility (SNF) is a long-term care facility that provides a high level of medical and nursing care for patients recently discharged from the hospital. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Home Health Agency  Provides a range of healthcare services to persons (who are known as clients) in their homes when they are unable to come to a physician's office or clinic and do not want to live in a long-term care facility. 2-5
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-22 Home Health Nurse. Andy Levin/Science Source/Photo Researchers, Inc. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospice  An inpatient facility for patients who are dying from a terminal illness  Their physicians have certified that they have less than 6 months to live. 2-5
HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospice  Hospice services include: • Palliative care • Pain management • Counseling • Emotional support for the patient and family 2-5
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonnss • A&P anatomy and physiology • AP anteroposterior • ASC ambulatory surgery center • CNM certified nurse midwife • CRNA certified registered nurse anesthetist • CV cardiovascular • D.C. Doctor of Chiropracty (or Chiropractic Medicine) • D.D.S. Doctor of Dental Surgery • D.O. Doctor of Osteopathy (or Osteopathic Medicine) • D.P.M. Doctor of Podiatry (or Podiatric Medicine) • Dr. doctor • Dx diagnosis • ED emergency department • ENT ears, nose, and throat • ER emergency room • GI gastrointestinal • GYN gynecology • H&P history and physical (examination) • Hx history • ICU intensive care unit • LLQ left lower quadrant • LPN licensed practical nurse • LUQ left upper quadrant • LVN licensed vocational nurse • M.D. Doctor of Medicine • NP nurse practitioner • OB obstetrics • OB/GYN obstetrics and gynecology • O.D. Doctor of Optometry • PA physician’s assistant, posteroanterior • PCP primary care physician • PE physical examination • Pharm. D. Doctor of Pharmacy • PT physical therapy • RLQ right lower quadrant • RN registered nurse • R/O rule out • RUQ right upper quadrant • SNF skilled nursing facility (pronounced “sniff”) • Sx symptoms • Tx treatment 2-6

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Med Term Ch 1 and Ch 2

  • 1. MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee IImmmmeerrssee YYoouurrsseellff CHAPTER Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley 1 Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved THIRD EDITION The Structure of Medical Language
  • 2. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 1. Identify the five skills of medical Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved language communication. 2. Describe the origins of medical language. 3. Recognize common Latin and Greek singular nouns and form their plurals. 4. Describe characteristics of combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes.
  • 3. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 5. Give the medical meaning of common Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved word parts. 6. Divide medical words into word parts and build medical words from word parts. 7. Spell and pronounce common medical words.
  • 4. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 8. Describe the format and contents of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved the medical record. 9. Dive deeper into medical language by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com.
  • 5. MMuullttiimmeeddiiaa DDiirreeccttoorryy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Slide 11Effective Communication Video Slide 111Patient Histories Video Slide 112Taking Vital Signs Video Slide 114Paramedic Career Video
  • 6. WWeellccoommee ttoo MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee!! • Medical language is the language of the healthcare profession, and medical words are the tools of the trade. • Learning medical language is your key to a successful career in the healthcare field. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-1
  • 7. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-1 Medical language. Keith Brofsky/Getty Images 1-1
  • 8. MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn 1-1 • Communication in any language consists of five language skills. • These same five language skills are important in medical language.
  • 9. 1-1 The FFiivvee MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee SSkkiillllss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1. Reading 2. Listening 3. Thinking, analyzing, and understanding 4. Writing (or typing) and spelling 5. Speaking and pronouncing
  • 10. Figure 1-2 Medical language communication. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Charles Thatcher/Getty 1-1
  • 11. Effective CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of effective communication. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-1
  • 12. TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 • Etymology is the study of word origins. • Many words have come from other languages. • Many medical words come from the ancient Latin or Greek languages.
  • 13. TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 • Some medical words are identical to Latin or Greek words. • Some medical words are similar (but not identical) to Latin or Greek words. • Some medical words are similar to words from old English, Dutch, and French.
  • 14. TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee Medical Word Language of Origin nucleus Latin nucleus pelvis Latin pelvis sinus Latin sinus paranoia Greek paranoia thorax Greek thorax 1-2
  • 15. TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 Medical Word Language of Origin artery Latin arteria muscle Latin musculus vein Latin vena phobia Greek phobos sperm Greek sperma
  • 16. TThhee BBeeggiinnnniinngg ooff MMeeddiiccaall Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLaanngguuaaggee 1-2 Medical Word Language of Origin bladder English blaedre heart English heorte drug Dutch droog physician French physicien
  • 17. MMeeddiiccaall SSiinngguullaarr aanndd PPlluurraall NNoouunnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Latin Singular Ending How to Form the Plural Example -a Change -a to -ae vertebra → vertebrae -us Change -us to -i bronchus → bronchi -um Change -um to -a bacterium → bacteria -is Change -is to -es testis → testes -ex Change -ex to -ices apex → apices 1-3
  • 18. MMeeddiiccaall SSiinngguullaarr aanndd PPlluurraall NNoouunnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Greek Singular Ending How to Form the Plural Example -is Change -is to -ides iris → irides -nx Change -nx to -nges phalanx → phalanges -oma Change -oma to -omata fibroma → fibromata -on Change -on to -a ganglion → ganglia 1-3
  • 19. MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss • Medical language contains medical words. • Most medical words contain word parts. • Word parts are puzzle pieces that, when fit together, build a medical word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 20. MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss There are three different kinds of word parts. Word Part Meaning combining form the foundation of the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved word suffix the word ending prefix an optional word beginning 1-4
  • 21. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-3 Combining form. 1-4
  • 22. MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss • Characteristics of a Combining Form  Is the foundation of a word  Gives the word its main medical meaning  Has a root, a forward slash, a combining vowel, and a final hyphen Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 23. MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss • Characteristics of a Combining Form  Most medical words contain a combining form.  Sometimes a medical word contains two or more combining forms, one right after the other. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 24. CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning abdomin/o- abdomen append/o- appendix arteri/o- artery intestin/o- intestine laryng/o- larynx (voice box) muscul/o- muscle thyroid/o- thyroid gland tonsill/o- tonsil Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ven/o- vein 1-5
  • 25. CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning arthr/o- joint cardi/o- heart derm/o- skin gastr/o- stomach mamm/o- breast nas/o- nose psych/o- mind Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 26. CCoommmmoonn CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss Combining Form Medical Meaning cholecyst/o- gallbladder cost/o- rib enter/o- intestine hepat/o- liver hyster/o- uterus lapar/o- abdomen Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 27. Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: SSuuffffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Suffix  A suffix is a word part that is at the end of a word.  A suffix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form.  A suffix is a single letter or group of letters that begins with a hyphen. 1-4
  • 28. Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: SSuuffffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Suffix  Most medical words contain a suffix.  Occasionally, a medical word has two suffixes. Examples: nutritional, personality, incisional. 1-4
  • 29. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-4 Suffix. 1-4
  • 30. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr AAddjjeeccttiivveess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ac pertaining to cardiac (pertaining to the -al pertaining to intestinal (pertaining to the -ar pertaining to muscular (pertaining to the -ary pertaining to urinary (pertaining to the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition heart) intestine) muscle) urine) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 31. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr AAddjjeeccttiivveess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ic pertaining to pelvic (pertaining to the -ine pertaining to uterine (pertaining to the -ive pertaining to digestive (pertaining to -ous pertaining to venous (pertaining to a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition pelvis) uterus) break[ing] down food) vein) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 32. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr PPrroocceesssseess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Definition -ation a process; being or having urination (a process [of making] urine) -ion action; condition digestion (action of break[ing] down food) 1-5
  • 33. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiisseeaasseess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Definition -ia condition; state; thing pneumonia (condition of the lung) -ism process; disease from a specific cause hypothyroidism (disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland [hormone]) -itis inflammation of; infection of tonsillitis (infection of the tonsil) -megaly enlargement cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart) -oma tumor; mass neuroma (tumor on a nerve) -osis condition; abnormal condition; process psychosis (abnormal condition of the mind) -pathy disease arthropathy (disease of a joint)
  • 34. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiiaaggnnoossttiicc,, MMeeddiiccaall,, aanndd SSuurrggiiccaall PPrroocceedduurreess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -ectomy surgical removal appendectomy (surgical -gram a record or picture mammogram (a record or -graphy process of recording mammography (process of -metry process of measuring spirometry (process of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition removal of the appendix) picture of the breast) recording the breast) measuring the breathing) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved -scope instrument used to examine colonoscope (instrument used to examine the colon) 1-5
  • 35. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr DDiiaaggnnoossttiicc,, MMeeddiiccaall,, aanndd SSuurrggiiccaall PPrroocceedduurreess Suffix Medical Meaning Example and Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved -scopy process of using an instrument to examine gastroscopy (process of using an instrument to examine the stomach) -stomy surgically created opening colostomy (surgically created opening in the colon) -therapy treatment psychotherapy (treatment of the mind) -tomy process of cutting or making an incision laparotomy (process of cutting or making an incision in the abdomen) 1-5
  • 36. SSuuffffiixxeess ffoorr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess aanndd SSppeecciiaalliissttss Suffix Medical Meaning Example and -iatry medical treatment psychiatry (medical -ics knowledge; practice dietetics (knowledge and -ist one who specializes in therapist (one who -logy the study of cardiology (the study of the Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition treatment for the mind) practice of foods and diet) specializes in therapy) heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 37. Medical WWoorrdd PPaarrttss:: PPrreeffiixxeess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Characteristics of a Prefix  A prefix is a word part that, if present, is at the beginning of a word.  A prefix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form.  A prefix is a single letter or group of letters that ends with a hyphen.  Occasionally, a medical word has two prefixes. 1-4
  • 38. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 1-5 Prefix. 1-4
  • 39. Prefixes ffoorr LLooccaattiioonn oorr DDiirreeccttiioonn Prefix Medical Meaning Example and endo- innermost; within endotracheal (pertaining to epi- upon; above epidermal (pertaining to inter- between intercostal (pertaining to intra- within intravenous (pertaining to Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition within the trachea) upon the skin) between the ribs) within a vein) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 40. Prefixes ffoorr LLooccaattiioonn oorr DDiirreeccttiioonn Prefix Medical Meaning Example and peri- around pericardial (pertaining to post- after; behind postnasal (pertaining to Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition around the heart) behind the nose) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved pre- before; in front of premenstrual (pertaining to before the monthly discharge of blood) sub- below; underneath subcutaneous (pertaining to underneath the skin) trans- across; through transvaginal (pertaining to through the vagina) 1-5
  • 41. PPrreeffiixxeess ffoorr AAmmoouunntt,, NNuummbbeerr,, oorr SSppeeeedd Prefix Medical Meaning Example and bi- two bilateral (pertaining to two brady- slow bradycardia (condition of a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition sides) slow heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved hemi- one half hemiplegia (condition of one half [of the body with] paralysis) hyper- above; more than normal hypertension (condition of more than normal pressure) hypo- below; deficient hypothyroidism (disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland [hormone]) 1-5
  • 42. PPrreeffiixxeess ffoorr AAmmoouunntt,, NNuummbbeerr,, oorr SSppeeeedd Prefix Medical Meaning Example and poly- many; much polyneuritis (inflammation quadri- four quadriplegia (condition of tachy- fast tachycardia (condition of a Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition of many nerves) four [limbs with] paralysis) fast heart) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved tri- three trigeminal (pertaining to three [nerve branches in a] group) 1-5
  • 43. Prefixes ffoorr DDeeggrreeee oorr QQuuaalliittyy Prefix Medical Meaning Example and a- away from; without aspermia (condition [of an- without; not anesthesia (condition [of anti- against antibiotic (pertaining to de- reversal of; without dementia (condition [of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition being] without sperm) being] without sensation) against living organisms) being] without a mind) Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 44. Prefixes ffoorr DDeeggrreeee oorr QQuuaalliittyy Prefix Medical Meaning Example and Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Definition Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved dys- painful; difficult; abnormal dysphagia (condition of painful or difficult eating and swallowing) eu- normal; good euthyroidism (process of normal thyroid gland [function]) mal- bad; inadequate malnutrition (being or having inadequate nourishment) re- again and again respiration (a process of again and again breathing) 1-5
  • 45. AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm aanndd SSuuffffiixx • Divide the medical word into its combining form and suffix. • Give the meaning of each word part. • Put the word part meanings in order, beginning with the suffix, then the combining form. Then add small connecting words to make the definition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 46. AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm aanndd SSuuffffiixx Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 cardiology combining form suffix cardiology: the study of (the) heart (and related structures)
  • 47. AAnnaallyyzzee aanndd DDeeffiinnee WWoorrddss:: PPrreeffiixx,, CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmm,, aanndd SSuuffffiixx • Divide the medical word into its prefix, combining form, and suffix. • Give the meaning of each word part. • Put the word part meanings in order, beginning with the suffix, then the prefix, then the combining form. Then add small connecting words to make the definition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 48. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt • Select the suffix and combining form whose meanings match the definition of the medical word. • Change the order of the word parts to put the suffix last. • Because the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the combining form's vowel. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 49. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt • Delete the forward slash and hyphen from the combining form. • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. Then, join the two word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 50. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa CCoonnssoonnaanntt Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 the study of the heart suffix combining form
  • 51. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell • Select the suffix and combining form whose meanings match the definition of the medical word. • Change the order of the word parts to put the suffix last. • Because the suffix begins with a vowel, delete the combining form's vowel. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 52. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell • Delete the forward slash, combining vowel, and hyphen from the combining form. • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. Then, join the two word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 53. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: SSuuffffiixx tthhaatt BBeeggiinnss wwiitthh aa VVoowweell Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 pertaining to the heart suffix combining form
  • 54. BBuuiilldd MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: CCoonnttaaiinnss aa PPrreeffiixx • Delete the hyphen from the suffix. • Join the three word parts. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 55. BBuuiillddiinngg MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss:: CCoonnttaaiinnss aa PPrreeffiixx Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6 pertaining to within the heart combining suffix prefix form
  • 56. Classroom Response Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved System
  • 57. WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. intra- B. -ectomy C.ven/o- D.poly- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 58. WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. intra- B. -ectomy C.ven/o- D.poly- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 59. The medical wwoorrdd ddiivveerrttiiccuulluumm iiss aa 1-6 LLaattiinn nnoouunn.. TToo mmaakkee tthhee pplluurraall ffoorrmm,, yyoouu wwoouulldd cchhaannggee tthhee wwoorrdd eennddiinngg --uumm ttoo:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved A. -a B. -ices C. -us D.-ae
  • 60. The medical wwoorrdd ddiivveerrttiiccuulluumm iiss aa 1-6 LLaattiinn nnoouunn.. TToo mmaakkee tthhee pplluurraall ffoorrmm,, yyoouu wwoouulldd cchhaannggee tthhee wwoorrdd eennddiinngg --uumm ttoo:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved A.-a B. -ices C. -us D.-ae
  • 61. The ppaarrttss ooff mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrddss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ccaann iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. combining forms. B. suffixes. C. prefixes. D.all of the above.
  • 62. The ppaarrttss ooff mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrddss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ccaann iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. combining forms. B. suffixes. C. prefixes. D.all of the above.
  • 63. AA ssuuffffiixx iiss ffoouunndd aatt tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg ooff tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 64. AA ssuuffffiixx iiss ffoouunndd aatt tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg ooff tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B.false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 65. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AA pprreeffiixx:: 1-4 A. is always at the end of a medical word. B. is always at the beginning of a medical word. C.never ends in a vowel. D.never attaches to the beginning of a combining form.
  • 66. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AA pprreeffiixx:: 1-4 A. is always at the end of a medical word. B.is always at the beginning of a medical word. C.never ends in a vowel. D.never attaches to the beginning of a combining form.
  • 67. TThhee ppaarrttss ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ffoorrmm iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. a root and a suffix. B. a root and a prefix. C. a root and a combining vowel. D.a combining vowel and a prefix.
  • 68. TThhee ppaarrttss ooff aa ccoommbbiinniinngg Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ffoorrmm iinncclluuddee:: 1-4 A. a root and a suffix. B. a root and a prefix. C.a root and a combining vowel. D.a combining vowel and a prefix.
  • 69. IIss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm ffoouunndd aatt tthhee eenndd ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd?? A. yes B.no Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 70. IIss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm ffoouunndd aatt tthhee eenndd ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd?? A. yes B.no Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 71. TThhee ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell ggiivveess mmeeaanniinngg ttoo tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 72. TThhee ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell ggiivveess mmeeaanniinngg ttoo tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B.false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 73. In the mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd ppssyycchhoollooggyy,, wwhhiicchh ppaarrtt iiss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. psych B. -logy C. -o D.psych/o- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 74. In the mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd ppssyycchhoollooggyy,, wwhhiicchh ppaarrtt iiss tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm?? A. psych B. -logy C. -o D.psych/o- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 75. WWhhiicchh iiss tthhee mmoosstt ccoommmmoonn ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. a B. o C.e D.i
  • 76. WWhhiicchh iiss tthhee mmoosstt ccoommmmoonn ccoommbbiinniinngg vvoowweell?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. a B.o C.e D.i
  • 77. A suffix, bbyy iittsseellff,, ccaannnnoott bbee tthhee ffoouunnddaattiioonn ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A. true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 78. A suffix, bbyy iittsseellff,, ccaannnnoott bbee tthhee ffoouunnddaattiioonn ooff aa mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd.. A.true B. false Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4
  • 79. TThhee ssuuffffiixxeess --aacc,, --aall,, --aarr,, --aarryy,, aanndd --oouuss aallll mmeeaann:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. a process; being or having. B. pertaining to. C. diagnosis. D.action; condition.
  • 80. TThhee ssuuffffiixxeess --aacc,, --aall,, --aarr,, --aarryy,, aanndd --oouuss aallll mmeeaann:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. a process; being or having. B.pertaining to. C. diagnosis. D.action; condition.
  • 81. SSuuffffiixxeess ssuucchh aass ––iiaattrryy,, --iisstt,, aanndd --llooggyy ddeessccrriibbee:: A.medical specialties or specialists. B. procedures or instruments. C. diseases. D.colors. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 82. SSuuffffiixxeess ssuucchh aass ––iiaattrryy,, --iisstt,, aanndd --llooggyy ddeessccrriibbee:: A.medical specialties or specialists. B. procedures or instruments. C. diseases. D.colors. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 83. Suffixes beginning wwiitthh aa ccoonnssoonnaanntt ccaann bbee jjooiinneedd ttoo tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm bbyy:: A. adding an o to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. B. keeping the combining form's combining vowel. C.adding an i to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. D.dropping all vowels. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 84. Suffixes beginning wwiitthh aa ccoonnssoonnaanntt ccaann bbee jjooiinneedd ttoo tthhee ccoommbbiinniinngg ffoorrmm bbyy:: A. adding an o to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. B.keeping the combining form's combining vowel. C.adding an i to the beginning of the suffix before adding it to the combining form. D.dropping all vowels. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 85. PPrreeffiixxeess ssuucchh aass hhyyppeerr-- aanndd ppoollyy-- iinnddiiccaattee:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. time or speed. B. a characteristic. C.amount or number. D.weight.
  • 86. PPrreeffiixxeess ssuucchh aass hhyyppeerr-- aanndd ppoollyy-- iinnddiiccaattee:: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5 A. time or speed. B. a characteristic. C.amount or number. D.weight.
  • 87. IInn tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd hhyyppootthhyyrrooiiddiissmm,, tthhee ssuuffffiixx --iissmm mmeeaannss:: A. a condition, state, or thing. B. pertaining to. C. a disease from a specific cause. D.medical treatment. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 88. IInn tthhee mmeeddiiccaall wwoorrdd hhyyppootthhyyrrooiiddiissmm,, tthhee ssuuffffiixx --iissmm mmeeaannss:: A. a condition; state; thing. B. pertaining to. C.a disease from a specific cause. D.medical treatment. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-5
  • 89. WWhhiicchh ssuuffffiixx mmeeaannss pprroocceessss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ooff rreeccoorrddiinngg?? 1-5 A. -pathy B. -graphy C. -ation D.-iatry
  • 90. WWhhiicchh ssuuffffiixx mmeeaannss pprroocceessss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ooff rreeccoorrddiinngg?? 1-5 A. -pathy B.-graphy C. -ation D.-iatry
  • 91. Medical words mmuusstt bbee ddeeffiinneedd bbyy aannaallyyzziinngg tthheemm,, bbeeggiinnnniinngg wwiitthh tthhee:: A. prefix. B. combining form. C. suffix. D.latin part of the word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 92. Medical words mmuusstt bbee ddeeffiinneedd bbyy aannaallyyzziinngg tthheemm,, bbeeggiinnnniinngg wwiitthh tthhee:: A. prefix. B. combining form. C.suffix. D.latin part of the word. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-6
  • 93. WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ssuuffffiixx?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A. -ia B. post- C.dys- D.nas/o-
  • 94. WWhhiicchh ooff tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg iiss aann eexxaammppllee ooff aa ssuuffffiixx?? Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-4 A.-ia B. post- C.dys- D.nas/o-
  • 95. PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Knowing the definition of a medical word is important. • Being able to pronounce the medical word correctly is equally important. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
  • 96. PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Follow these simple directions for pronouncing medical words:  Say each syllable by following the “see-and- Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved say” pronunciation.  Accented syllables are in all capital letters. 1-7
  • 97. PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss • Follow these simple directions for pronouncing medical words:  Secondary accented syllables are in smaller capital letters.  Practice pronouncing the word several times until you have mastered its pronunciation. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
  • 98. PPrroonnoouunnccee MMeeddiiccaall WWoorrddss appendectomy (AP-en-DEK-toh-mee) arthritis (ar-THRY-tis) gastric (GAS-trik) laryngitis (LAIR-in-JY-tis) mammography (mam-AW-grah-fee) pneumonia (noo-MOHN-yah) therapist (THAIR-ah-pist) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-7
  • 99. TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The medical record is where healthcare professionals document all care provided to a patient. • It contains not only medical documents, but those that are also legal documents that can be used in a court of law. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
  • 100. TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The paper medical record has been the traditional form of a medical record, but it has some disadvantages:  Only one person can access it at a time.  It can become lost or damaged, and it can take time to retrieve a patient's past medical records. • This delay can compromise the delivery Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved of quality care. 1-8
  • 101. CCoommppuutteerriizzeedd PPaattiieenntt Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved RReeccoorrddss ((CCPPRRss)) 1-8 • Most physicians' offices, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities have converted to computerized patient records (CPRs). • Healthcare professionals can have immediate access to both current and previous medical records.
  • 102. Figure 1-6 Computerized patient record (CPR). Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved auremar/Fotolia. 1-8
  • 103. TThhee MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The electronic patient record (EPR), electronic medical record (EMR), or electronic health record (EHR) provides seamless, immediate, and simultaneous access by many healthcare professionals to all parts of a patient's record regardless of where those parts were created or stored. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
  • 104. SSttaannddaarrdd HHeeaaddiinnggss iinn HHoossppiittaall AAddmmiissssiioonn aanndd DDiisscchhaarrggee DDooccuummeennttss • Chief Complaint (CC) • History of Present Illness (HPI) • Past Medical (and Surgical) History (PMH) • Social History (SH) and Family History (FH) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
  • 105. SSttaannddaarrdd HHeeaaddiinnggss iinn HHoossppiittaall AAddmmiissssiioonn aanndd DDiisscchhaarrggee DDooccuummeennttss • Review of Systems (ROS) • Physical Examination (PE) • Laboratory and X-ray Data • Diagnosis (Dx) • Disposition Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1-8
  • 106. TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • Consent to Treatment Forms  Before patients can be treated at any type of healthcare facility, they must sign consent to treatment forms that give the physicians and other healthcare professionals the right to treat them. • Treatment without consent is against the law and is considered to be battery (touching another person without his or her consent). 1-8
  • 107. TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • Consent to Treatment Forms  For patients who are minors, the parent or legal guardian signs the consent to treatment. • In an emergency situation, care is provided until the appropriate person is able to consent. 1-8
  • 108. TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd 1-8 • Patients must sign another consent form if they are to have surgery. • Prior to a surgery, the physician describes the purpose of the surgery and informs the patient of alternatives, risks, and possible complications.
  • 109. TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996.  Patients must also sign a form allowing the facility to contact their insurance companies to obtain payment for the health care provided. 1-8
  • 110. TTyyppeess ooff DDooccuummeennttss iinn tthhee Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMeeddiiccaall RReeccoorrdd • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996.  All healthcare settings must provide patients with a statement verifying that their medical record information is secure and is only released to authorized healthcare providers, insurance companies, or to healthcare quality monitoring organizations. 1-8
  • 111. PPaattiieenntt HHiissttoorriieess VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of taking patient histories. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-8
  • 112. VViittaall SSiiggnnss VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of taking vital signs. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 1-8
  • 113. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonnss CC chief complaint CPR computerized patient record D/C* discharge; discontinue DS discharge summary Dx diagnosis EHR electronic health record EMR electronic medical record EPR electronic patient record FH family history H&P history and physical (examination) HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (pronounced “HIP-ah”) HPI history of present illness ISMP Institute for Safe Medication Practices PE physical examination PMH past medical history ROS review of systems SH social history 1-8
  • 114. PPaarraammeeddiicc CCaarreeeerr VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of paramedics and emergency Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved medicine. Back to Directory 1-8
  • 115. CCoommbbiinniinngg FFoorrmmss MMaattcchh UUpp Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1. arthr/o- 2. gastr/o- 3. lapar/o- 4. nas/o- 5. phag/o-a. eating b. abdomen c. nose d. joint e. stomach 1-5
  • 116. MMeeddiiccaall LLaanngguuaaggee IImmmmeerrssee YYoouurrsseellff CHAPTER Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley 2 Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved THIRD EDITION The Body in Health and Disease
  • 117. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 1. Describe approaches used to organize information about the human body. 2. Identify body planes and directions, body cavities, body systems, and medical specialties. 3. Describe various categories of Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved diseases. 4. Describe techniques used to perform a physical examination.
  • 118. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 5. Describe categories of healthcare professionals and settings in which health care is given. 6. Give the medical meaning of word parts and abbreviations related to the body, health, and disease. 7. Build medical words about the body, health, and disease from word parts and divide and define words. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 119. LLeeaarrnniinngg OObbjjeeccttiivveess 8. Spell and pronounce medical words about the body, health, and disease. 9. Dive deeper into the body, health, and disease by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 120. MMuullttiimmeeddiiaa DDiirreeccttoorryy Slide 22Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Video Slide 53Introduction to Body Systems Animation Slide 99Physical Examination Video Slide 100Hand Hygiene and Gloving Video Slide 130Health Information Management Video 1 Slide 131Health Information Management Video 2 Slide 132Health Information Management Video 3 Slide 133Health Information Management Video 4 Slide 134Health Information Management Video 5 Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 121. TThhee BBooddyy iinn HHeeaalltthh • Seven different approaches for studying the body: 1. Body planes and body directions 2. Body cavities 3. Body quadrants and regions 4. Anatomy and physiology 5. Microscopic to macroscopic 6. Body systems 7. Medical specialties Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 122. Figure 2-1 Human body in anatomical position. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 123. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy PPllaanneess aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • When the human body is in anatomical position, it can be studied by dividing it with planes. • A plane is an imaginary flat surface, like a plate of glass, that divides the body into two parts. • There are three body planes: coronal plane, sagittal plane, and transverse plane.
  • 124. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy PPllaanneess aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • These body planes divide the body into front and back, right and left, and top and bottom sections. • Body directions represent movement away from or toward those planes.
  • 125. Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The coronal plane (or frontal plane) is a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back sections. • The coronal plane is named for the coronal suture in the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 126. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-2 Coronal plane. 2-1
  • 127. Figure 2-3 Coronal and sagittal sutures of the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 128. Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The front of the body is the anterior or ventral section. • The back of the body is the posterior or dorsal section. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 129. Coronal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Lying with the anterior section of the body down is being in the prone position. • Lying with the posterior section of the body down is being in the dorsal or supine position. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 130. Figure 2-4 Anterior and posterior directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 131. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-5 Posteroanterior direction. 2-1
  • 132. Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sections. • The sagittal plane is named for the sagittal suture in the cranium. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 133. Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • If this plane divides the body at the midline into equal right and left sections, then it is a midsagittal plane. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 134. Sagittal PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Moving from the side of the body toward the midline is moving in a medial direction, or medially. • Moving from the midline toward the side of the body is moving in a lateral direction, or laterally. • Bilateral indicates both sides. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 135. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-6 Sagittal plane. 2-1
  • 136. Figure 2-7 Midsagittal view of the head on an MRI scan. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DrUnique/Custom Medical Stock 2-1
  • 137. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved MMRRII VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of MRI. Back to Directory 2-1
  • 138. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-8 Medial and lateral directions. 2-1
  • 139. TTrraannssvveerrssee PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DDiirreeccttiioonnss 2-1 • The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower sections. • The upper half of the body is the superior section, and the lower half is the inferior section.
  • 140. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-9 Transverse plane. 2-1
  • 141. Figure 2-10 Superior and inferior sections. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 142. TTrraannssvveerrssee PPllaannee aanndd BBooddyy Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved DDiirreeccttiioonnss • Moving toward the head is moving in a superior direction, or superiorly.  This is also the cephalad direction. • Moving toward the tail bone is moving in an inferior direction, or inferiorly.  This is also the caudad direction. 2-1
  • 143. Figure 2-11 Cephalad and caudad directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 144. OOtthheerr BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLooccaattiioonnss 2-1 • Moving from the trunk of the body toward the end of a limb (arm or leg) is moving in a distal direction, or distally. • Moving from the end of a limb toward the trunk of the body is moving in a proximal direction, or proximally.
  • 145. Figure 2-12 Distal and proximal directions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 146. OOtthheerr BBooddyy DDiirreeccttiioonnss aanndd Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved LLooccaattiioonnss 2-1 • Structures on the surface of the body are superficial or external. • Structures below the surface and inside the body are deep or internal.
  • 147. Figure 2-13 External and internal locations. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-1
  • 148. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The human body can be studied according to its body cavities and their internal organs. • A cavity is a hollow space that is surrounded by bones or muscles. • The cranial cavity lies within and is protected by the cranium.
  • 149. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The spinal cavity or spinal canal is a continuation of the cranial cavity as it travels down the midline of the back. • The spinal cavity lies within and is protected by the bones (vertebrae) of the spine. • The spinal cavity contains the spinal cord, the spinal nerves, and spinal fluid.
  • 150. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The thoracic cavity lies within the chest and is protected by the breast bone (sternum) anteriorly, the ribs bilaterally, and the bones of the spine posteriorly.
  • 151. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The inferior border of the thoracic cavity is the large, muscular diaphragm that functions during respiration. • The thoracic cavity contains the lungs.
  • 152. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • The abdominal cavity lies within the abdomen and is protected by the abdominal wall anteriorly, and the bones of the spine posteriorly. • The pelvic cavity is a continuation of the abdominal cavity and is surrounded by the pelvic (hip) bones anteriorly and bilaterally, and the bones of the spine posteriorly.
  • 153. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy CCaavviittiieess 2-2 • These two cavities are often called the abdominopelvic cavity because it is one continuous cavity with no dividing structure.
  • 154. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-14 Body cavities. 2-2
  • 155. BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss • The human body can be studied according to its quadrants and regions. • The anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area can be divided into four quadrants or nine regions. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 156. BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • The four quadrants include: 1. Right upper quadrant (RUQ) 2. Left upper quadrant (LUQ) 3. Right lower quadrant (RLQ) 4. Left lower quadrant (LLQ) 2-2
  • 157. Figure 2-15 Quadrants of the abdominopelvic area. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 158. BBooddyy QQuuaaddrraannttss aanndd RReeggiioonnss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • The nine regions include the:  Right and left hypochondriac  Epigastric  Right and left lumbar  Umbilical  Right and left inguinal or iliac  Hypogastric 2-2
  • 159. Figure 2-16 Regions of the abdominopelvic area. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 160. AAnnaattoommyy aanndd PPhhyyssiioollooggyy • Anatomy is the study of the structures of the human body. • Physiology is the study of the function of those structures. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 161. MMiiccrroossccooppiicc ttoo MMaaccrroossccooppiicc • Most cells and cellular structures are microscopic in size and can be seen only through a microscope. • Some cells, such as a female ovum, can be seen with the naked eye. • Cells combine to form tissues, and tissues combine to form organs. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 162. Figure 2-17 Using a microscope to study the human body. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved ©Darren Baker/Fotolia 2-2
  • 163. MMiiccrroossccooppiicc ttoo MMaaccrroossccooppiicc • Tissues and organs are macroscopic and can be seen with the naked eye. • Organs combine to form a body system. • The human body contains several different body systems. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 164. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Gastrointestinal (Gl) system  Respiratory system  Cardiovascular (CV) system  Blood  Lymphatic system 2-2
  • 165. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Integumentary system  Skeletal system  Muscular system  Nervous system  Urinary system 2-2
  • 166. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Male genital and reproductive system  Female genital and reproductive system  Endocrine system 2-2
  • 167. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss • The human body can be studied according to its structures and how they function together in a body system.  Eyes  Ears, nose, and throat (ENT) system 2-2
  • 168. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo BBooddyy SSyysstteemmss AAnniimmaattiioonn Click on the screenshot to view an animation on the topic of body systems. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 2-2
  • 169. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess • The human body can be studied according to the medical specialties that make up the practice of medicine. • Each medical specialty includes the anatomy, physiology, diseases, laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs for that body system. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2
  • 170. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Gastroenterology  Gastrointestinal system  A gastroenterologist is a physician who specializes in gastroenterology. 2-2
  • 171. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal System
  • 172. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Pulmonology  Respiratory system  A pulmonologist is a physician who specializes in pulmonology. 2-2
  • 173. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Pulmonology Respiratory System
  • 174. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Cardiology  Cardiovascular system  A cardiologist is a physician who specializes in cardiology. 2-2
  • 175. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Cardiology Cardiovascular System
  • 176. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hematology  Blood  A hematologist is a physician who specializes in hematology. 2-2
  • 177. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Immunology  Blood, lymphatic system  A immunologist is a physician who specializes in immunology. 2-2
  • 178. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Immunology Immune System
  • 179. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Dermatology  Integumentary system  A dermatologist is a physician who specializes in dermatology. 2-2
  • 180. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Dermatology Integumentary System
  • 181. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Orthopedics  Skeletal system  An orthopedist is a physician who specializes in orthopedics. 2-2
  • 182. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Orthopedics Skeletal System
  • 183. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Orthopedics  Muscular system 2-2
  • 184. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Orthopedics Muscular System
  • 185. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Neurology  Nervous system  A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology. 2-2
  • 186. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Neurology Nervous System
  • 187. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Urology  Urinary system  A urologist is a physician who specializes in urology. 2-2
  • 188. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Urology Urinary System
  • 189. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Male Reproductive Medicine  Male genital and reproductive system  A reproductive specialist is a physician who specializes in reproductive medicine. 2-2
  • 190. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Male Reproductive Medicine Male Genital and Reproductive System
  • 191. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Gynecology and Obstetrics  Female genital and reproductive system  A gynecologist is a physician who specializes in gynecology. An obstetrician is a physician who specializes in obstetrics. 2-2
  • 192. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Gynecology and Obstetrics Female Genital and Reproductive System
  • 193. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Endocrinology  Endocrine system  An endocrinologist is a physician who specializes in endocrinology. 2-2
  • 194. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Endocrinology Endocrine System
  • 195. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Ophthalmology  Eyes  An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in ophthalmology. 2-2
  • 196. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Opthalmology Eyes
  • 197. MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Otolaryngology  Ears, nose, and throat (ENT) system  An otolaryngologist is a physician who specializes in otolaryngology. 2-2
  • 198. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-2 Otolaryngology Ears, Nose, and Throat System
  • 199. OOtthheerr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess • Other medical specialties that are not directly related to a body system include: Medical Specialty Description Psychiatry study and treatment of the mind Oncology study and treatment of cancer Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Dentistry study and treatment of the teeth Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley use of x-rays, sound waves, and other forms of radiation and energy to diagnose and treat disease Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved and gums 2-2
  • 200. OOtthheerr MMeeddiiccaall SSppeecciiaallttiieess 2-2 Medical Specialty Description Dietetics study and use of nutrition, nutrients, Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved and diet Pharmacology study of drugs used as medicines Neonatology study and treatment of newborn infants Pediatrics study and treatment of children Geriatrics study and treatment of the elderly
  • 201. TThhee BBooddyy iinn DDiisseeaassee • Preventive medicine is the healthcare specialty that focuses on keeping a person healthy and preventing disease. • Much of medical language deals with diseases and how they are diagnosed and treated. • Disease is any change in the normal structure or function of the body. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 202. TThhee BBooddyy iinn DDiisseeaassee • The etiology is the cause or origin of a disease. • In most cases, the cause of a disease is known or can be discovered through medical testing. In some cases, the exact cause of a disease is never completely understood. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 203. DDiisseeaassee CCaatteeggoorriieess Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Congenital • Degenerative • Environmental • Hereditary • Iatrogenic • Idiopathic • Infectious • Neoplastic • Nosocomial • Nutritional 2-3
  • 204. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The onset of disease is often noticed because of symptoms and/or signs. • A symptom is any deviation from health that is experienced or felt by the patient. • When a symptom can be seen or detected by others, it is known as a sign. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 205. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Symptomatology is the clinical picture of all the patient's symptoms and signs. • A syndrome is a set of symptoms and signs associated with, and characteristic of, one particular disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 206. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Patients who are asymptomatic (showing no symptoms or signs) can still have a disease, but one that can only be detected by medical tests. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 207. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician takes a history and performs a physical examination. • For the history of the present illness, the physician asks the patient in detail about the location, onset, duration, and severity of the symptoms. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
  • 208. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician also asks about the patient's past medical history, past surgical history, family history, social history, and history of allergies to drugs. • After taking the patient's history, the physician performs a physical examination to look for signs of disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
  • 209. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician uses the following techniques (as needed) during the physical examination: inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
  • 210. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-18 Inspection. S. O’Brien/Custom Medical Stock Publishers 2-4
  • 211. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-19 Palpation. 2-4
  • 212. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-20 Auscultation. 2-4
  • 213. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-21 Percussion. 2-4
  • 214. EExxaammiinnaattiioonn TTeecchhnniiqquueess VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of physical examination Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved techniques. Back to Directory 2-4
  • 215. Hand Hygiene aanndd GGlloovviinngg VViiddeeoo Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of hand hygiene and gloving. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Back to Directory 2-4
  • 216. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • Based on the patient's history and results of the physical examination, the physician makes a diagnosis and identifies the nature and cause of the disease or condition. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
  • 217. OOnnsseett ooff DDiisseeaassee • If the physician cannot make a final diagnosis, a temporary or working diagnosis is assigned and the patient is scheduled to undergo further diagnostic tests or referred to a specialist. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-4
  • 218. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The course of a disease includes all events from the onset of the disease until its final outcome. • Symptoms and signs may be:  Acute (sudden in nature and severe in intensity),  Subacute (less severe in intensity), or  Chronic (continuing for three months or more) Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 219. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • An exacerbation is a sudden worsening in the severity of the symptoms or signs. • Remission is a temporary improvement in the symptoms and signs of a disease without the underlying disease being cured. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 220. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • A relapse or recurrence is a return of the original symptoms and signs of the disease. • A sequela is an abnormal condition or complication that arises because of the original disease and remains after the original disease has resolved. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 221. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The physician prescribes drugs or orders therapy for the patient. • If the treatment is therapeutic, the symptoms or signs of the disease disappear. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 222. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • A disease that is refractory (resistant) is one that does not respond to treatment. • Certain diseases that cannot be treated with drugs or therapy may require surgery. • The prognosis is the predicted outcome of the disease. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-3
  • 223. CCoouurrssee aanndd OOuuttccoommee ooff DDiisseeaassee • The prognosis is the predicted outcome of a disease. • The course of a disease ends in one of the following outcomes: Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Recuperation or recovery  Disability  Terminal illness 2-3
  • 224. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician (or doctor)  The leader of the healthcare team who examines the patient, orders tests, diagnoses diseases, and treats diseases by prescribing drugs or therapy.  Surgeons are physicians who complete additional training in surgical techniques. 2-5
  • 225. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician (or doctor)  Primary care physicians (PCPs) specialize in family practice or pediatrics.  A physician or doctor who is on the medical staff of a hospital and admits a patient to the hospital is known as the attending physician. 2-5
  • 226. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician Extenders  Healthcare professionals who work under the supervision of a physician or doctor (MD or DO) to examine, diagnose, and treat patients and sometimes prescribe medications. 2-5
  • 227. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician Extenders  Examples include: • physician's assistants (PAs). • nurse practitioners (NPs). • certified nurse midwives (CNMs). • certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs). 2-5
  • 228. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Allied Health Professionals  Nurses (registered nurse [RN], licensed practical nurse [LPN], or licensed vocational nurse [LVN]) examines patients, makes nursing diagnoses, and administers treatments or drugs ordered by the physician.  Nurses give hands-on care and focus on the physical and emotional needs of the patient and the family. 2-5
  • 229. HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss • Other Allied Health Professionals Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved  Technologists  Technicians  Therapists  Dietitians  Medical assistants  Phlebotomists  Dental hygienists  Audiologists 2-5
  • 230. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Traditional setting for providing care for patients who are acutely ill and require medical or surgical care for longer than 24 hours.  The attending physician must write an order in the patient's medical record to admit or discharge the patient.  A patient in the hospital is an inpatient. 2-5
  • 231. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Divided into floors or nursing units that provide care for specific types of patients. There are also specialty care units such as the intensive care unit (ICU). 2-5
  • 232. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospital  Ancillary departments provide additional types of services and include radiology, physical therapy (PT), dietary, emergency (ED or ER), clinical laboratory, and pharmacy. 2-5
  • 233. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician's Office  One of the most frequently used healthcare settings  A single physician (or group of physicians) maintains an office where patients are seen, diagnosed, treated, and counseled. 2-5
  • 234. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Physician's Office  Some offices have their own laboratory and x-ray equipment for performing diagnostic tests.  Seriously ill patients who cannot be quickly diagnosed or adequately treated in the office are sent to a hospital. 2-5
  • 235. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Clinic  Provides healthcare services similar to that of a physician's office, but for just one type of patient or one type of disease  For example, a well-baby clinic provides care to newborn infants. 2-5
  • 236. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Clinic  Outpatient clinics are located in a hospital or in their own separate facility and their patients are outpatients because they are not admitted to the hospital and do not stay overnight in the clinic. 2-5
  • 237. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss • Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC)  A facility where minor surgery is performed and the patient does not stay overnight. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2-5
  • 238. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Long-Term Care Facility  Primarily a residential facility for older adults or those with disabilities who are unable to care for themselves  Provides 24-hour nursing care  Persons in long-term care facilities are called residents rather than patients because the facility is their home. 2-5
  • 239. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Long-Term Care Facility  Skilled nursing facility (SNF) is a long-term care facility that provides a high level of medical and nursing care for patients recently discharged from the hospital. 2-5
  • 240. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Home Health Agency  Provides a range of healthcare services to persons (who are known as clients) in their homes when they are unable to come to a physician's office or clinic and do not want to live in a long-term care facility. 2-5
  • 241. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Figure 2-22 Home Health Nurse. Andy Levin/Science Source/Photo Researchers, Inc. 2-5
  • 242. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospice  An inpatient facility for patients who are dying from a terminal illness  Their physicians have certified that they have less than 6 months to live. 2-5
  • 243. HHeeaalltthhccaarree SSeettttiinnggss Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Hospice  Hospice services include: • Palliative care • Pain management • Counseling • Emotional support for the patient and family 2-5
  • 244. Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonnss • A&P anatomy and physiology • AP anteroposterior • ASC ambulatory surgery center • CNM certified nurse midwife • CRNA certified registered nurse anesthetist • CV cardiovascular • D.C. Doctor of Chiropracty (or Chiropractic Medicine) • D.D.S. Doctor of Dental Surgery • D.O. Doctor of Osteopathy (or Osteopathic Medicine) • D.P.M. Doctor of Podiatry (or Podiatric Medicine) • Dr. doctor • Dx diagnosis • ED emergency department • ENT ears, nose, and throat • ER emergency room • GI gastrointestinal • GYN gynecology • H&P history and physical (examination) • Hx history • ICU intensive care unit • LLQ left lower quadrant • LPN licensed practical nurse • LUQ left upper quadrant • LVN licensed vocational nurse • M.D. Doctor of Medicine • NP nurse practitioner • OB obstetrics • OB/GYN obstetrics and gynecology • O.D. Doctor of Optometry • PA physician’s assistant, posteroanterior • PCP primary care physician • PE physical examination • Pharm. D. Doctor of Pharmacy • PT physical therapy • RLQ right lower quadrant • RN registered nurse • R/O rule out • RUQ right upper quadrant • SNF skilled nursing facility (pronounced “sniff”) • Sx symptoms • Tx treatment 2-6

Editor's Notes

  1. c