The document discusses ecosystems, platforms, and openness in the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines ecosystems as being built on foundational platforms that allow interdependent firms to develop interrelated products and services. For the IoT, ecosystems are still immature as no dominant platform has emerged, but standards, interoperability, and open APIs can help accelerate development by enabling different components to work together. The UK's Connected Digital Economy Catapult aims to advance the IoT ecosystem by focusing on areas like cities that generate large amounts of data, and by supporting infrastructure and existing investments through an open approach.
1. Ecosystems, platforms & openness in the #IoT
Accelerating the Open Source IOT ecosystem
22 October 2013
Dr. Maurizio Pilu
Catapult is a Technology Strategy Board programme
2. Connected Digital Economy Catapult
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Set up by the Technology Strategy Board
Applied R&D&I centre in the digital economy
Non-for-profit, based in London, national remit
Focussed on data value chain
Deveop enabling capabilities and projects for wider UK
innovators benefit
• £10m p.a. of core investment from TSB + matched
funding
• Critical mass: overtime 100+ technologists
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4. 4
I will take one particular angle
(that I like)
throughout the presentation …
….but there are others!
5. A way to look at it:
Platforms as the foundation of ecosystems
“Industry platforms are technological building
blocks (that can be technologies, products, or
services) that act as a foundation on top of which
an array of firms, organized in a set of
interdependent firms (sometimes called an
industry „„ecosystem‟‟), develop a set of interrelated products, technologies and services”
(Gawer, 2009)
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6. Where do platforms emerge?
Common features (Gawer 2009):
• Complex technological systems
• Fast evolution of technology
• Importance of interoperability and integration
• Require collaboration among several firms
Sounds familiar?
6
7. Ecosystems as two-sided markets
“…economic platforms having two distinct
user groups that provide each other with
network benefits …”
“…Products and services that bring together
groups of users in two-sided networks are
platforms…“
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8. Examples of platforms & two sided markets
Advertisers
Retailers
App
developers
Eyeballs
Customers
Users
8
9. On ecosystems, killer apps and the “A” word
[Apple] “found that the killer app
wasn’t a single service, it was the
ecosystem. Apple introduced that
ecosystem, and changed the game
completely” (1)
(1) Nesta: What‟s a App, 2010
9
10. Not so simple ….
• Guess what? Lots of people trying ….
• Many companies try to build ecosystems around their
(sometimes proprietary) platforms (e.g. with subsidies)
• Winner take-all dynamics and ecosystems wars (e.g.
ebay: network effect hard to replicate)
• BTW, two sided-markets can have multiple platforms!!
• Or there can be one (e.g. a standard) which can spur
innovation and competition on both sides (e.g. the PCI
board)
• What does it mean for long tail?
10
13. Multiple identities …
Pervasive Internet
Connected Environments
Smart Places
Smart Cities
Connected Cars
Ubiquitous
Computing, Everyware
Connected World
Physical Internet
Smart Homes
Smart Meters
Wireless Sensor Networks
Ambient Intelligence
Machine to Machine
Web of Things
The Future Internet
............
14. … and personalities …
It‟s about sensors & devices
It‟s about M2M
It‟s about a big IT system that controls stuff
It‟s all about data value chains
It‟s about new services
It‟s the Internet – no such thing as IoT
It‟s about the user experience
It‟s about growth-opportunities
It‟s about new business models
14
15. A traditional technology “Stack”:
(not necessarily and ecosystem!)
15
End users
£
Business
sectors &
application
areas
£
£
Solutions,
Infrastructure
& platforms
£
Technology
capabilities
Apps &
services
£
£
16. What are the two sided markets in IOT?
Tech providers
Developers
Developers
Developers
Developers
End users
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17. 17
A bit to early to say: ecosystem immature
• There is no dominant platform/player in IoT
• But it‟s normal of early markets: fragmentation, lack of
standards, bespoke solutions, etc.
21. On a more technical level ….
“network effect” enablers
DOING THINGS “INTERNET STYLE”
• ACCESS TO DATA
• OPEN SOURCE
• OPEN APIs
• INTEROPERABILITY
• STANDARDS
• RAPID PROTOTYPING
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24. Example: IFTTT tools
• Connect different web services from competing
organizations
• Based on publishing metadata catalogues and
APIs to data
• Simple rules: If This Then That (IFTTT)
• Example used here: Zapier
• Example of service construction:
Email me every time a note is created in Evernote
with the tag #cdecatapult
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30. 30
Low moisture in my flower pot?
Send me a whatsapp message and turn down heating
31. This “deverticalizes” …..
• Open source, APIs, access to data, interoperability
help to abstracts role & enable scaling
• Hardware developers
• Middleware / platforms
• App developers
• Which is broadly how modern “Internet style”
ecosystems develops
31
32. 32
Open APIs and Interoperability
across platforms was
broadly the approach followed when
architecting the £6m
TSB IoT Ecosystem
investment
33. TSB‟s IoT ecosystem investment
• Develop a network of Internet
of Things clusters
• Incentivize more accessibility
to IoT data
• Adoption of „information hubs‟
• Interoperability between hubs
• Become a platform for
collaboration
33
34. 34
The Internet of Things Demonstrator
• Results of £6m investment
announced by David Willetts on 11
March 2013
• Investing in 8 IoT clusters to
demonstrate ecosystems in specific
application areas
• >40 organizations involved,
including Intel, ARM, BT, IBM,
NEUL, Cisco, EDF, Carillion,
LivingPlanIT, and many SMEs
38. CDE Catapult: Our #IoT angles
38
• Cities & communities – it‟s where lots of data, verticals,
people come together, in high density
• Data, data, data - #IoT will generate huge amounts of
data (e.g. “cities generate more data they know what to
do with”)
• Next generation infrastructure, in particular
• M2M
• Whitespace communication
• Connecting & supporting existing investments (e.g.
from TSB, EU, RCs)
39. Some open questions
• How do we all drive forward an “open” agenda for
IoT
• Interoperability, open source, open access
• But keeping in mind sustainable business
models!
• What capabilities & facilities UK‟s innovators need?
• What strategic (i.e. for wider benefit) projects does
the UK need to move forward?
39
40. 40
Thank you!
Dr. Maurizio Pilu
Partnerships Director
CDE Catapult
Maurizio dot Pilu at cde.catapult.org.uk
@maurizio_pilu
@cdecatapult
Catapult is a Technology Strategy Board programme
Editor's Notes
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WHEN I STARTED THE ROLE – EXPECTED TO MAKE EITHER /ORS DECISIONS INITIALLYIN A CONVERGING DIGITAL ECONOMY ITS ABOUT VALUE CHAINS OUR VALUE CHAIN ADDRESSES ONE OF MOST IMPACTFUL EMERGING VALUE CHAINS1 - STARTS EXPLOSION DATA – VELOCITY, VOLUME COMPLEXITYSOCIAL MEDIA – EVERY MINUTE 7000 NEW PHOTOS ON FLICKA, 28K BLOGS TUMBLR, 100K TWEETS, 48 HOURS NEW VIDEO ON YOU TUBEENTERPRISE – WALL MART 50M FILING CABINETS CUSTOMER DATA AN HOURPUBLIC SECTOR – 6000 DATA SETS RELEASED BY DATA.GOV.UKIOT – 50B DEVICES 2020 / 0.2% THINGS CONNECTEDOVERALL 4 TRILLION GIGA BYTES DATA CREATED AND SAHRED BY 2013 – X2 2015 2 –NEW DATA COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT - INCREASINGLY MOBILE– 100 TIMES INCREASE IN MOBILE INTERNET DATA 2015 VS 2012 - SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION3 - DATA – KNOWLEDGE –THE VALUE IS IN THE ABILITY TO MIX OR “MASH” THESE NEW STREAMS OF DATA – HIP HOP DEFINITION OF “MASHED” - TO GIVE NEW INSIGHTS AND KNOWLEDGE – THIS DATA SCIENCE CEBR – USE OF DATA ANALYSIS 60K NEW JOBS AND 40K NEW DATA ANALYTIC START Ups4 - NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICESENABLING NEW VALUE ACROSS VERTICALS – DATASIFT - SENTIMENT ANALYSIS EXAMPLECEBR UNLOCKED VALUE IN DATA IN UK WAS 25B IN 2011 AND WILL BE 40B 2016SHAKESPEARE 6.8B VALUE ADD IN UK PUBLIC SECTORVALUE CHIAN WE WILL MOVE UP AND DOWN
WHEN I STARTED THE ROLE – EXPECTED TO MAKE EITHER /ORS DECISIONS INITIALLYIN A CONVERGING DIGITAL ECONOMY ITS ABOUT VALUE CHAINS OUR VALUE CHAIN ADDRESSES ONE OF MOST IMPACTFUL EMERGING VALUE CHAINS1 - STARTS EXPLOSION DATA – VELOCITY, VOLUME COMPLEXITYSOCIAL MEDIA – EVERY MINUTE 7000 NEW PHOTOS ON FLICKA, 28K BLOGS TUMBLR, 100K TWEETS, 48 HOURS NEW VIDEO ON YOU TUBEENTERPRISE – WALL MART 50M FILING CABINETS CUSTOMER DATA AN HOURPUBLIC SECTOR – 6000 DATA SETS RELEASED BY DATA.GOV.UKIOT – 50B DEVICES 2020 / 0.2% THINGS CONNECTEDOVERALL 4 TRILLION GIGA BYTES DATA CREATED AND SAHRED BY 2013 – X2 2015 2 –NEW DATA COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT - INCREASINGLY MOBILE– 100 TIMES INCREASE IN MOBILE INTERNET DATA 2015 VS 2012 - SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION3 - DATA – KNOWLEDGE –THE VALUE IS IN THE ABILITY TO MIX OR “MASH” THESE NEW STREAMS OF DATA – HIP HOP DEFINITION OF “MASHED” - TO GIVE NEW INSIGHTS AND KNOWLEDGE – THIS DATA SCIENCE CEBR – USE OF DATA ANALYSIS 60K NEW JOBS AND 40K NEW DATA ANALYTIC START Ups4 - NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICESENABLING NEW VALUE ACROSS VERTICALS – DATASIFT - SENTIMENT ANALYSIS EXAMPLECEBR UNLOCKED VALUE IN DATA IN UK WAS 25B IN 2011 AND WILL BE 40B 2016SHAKESPEARE 6.8B VALUE ADD IN UK PUBLIC SECTORVALUE CHIAN WE WILL MOVE UP AND DOWN
WHEN I STARTED THE ROLE – EXPECTED TO MAKE EITHER /ORS DECISIONS INITIALLYIN A CONVERGING DIGITAL ECONOMY ITS ABOUT VALUE CHAINS OUR VALUE CHAIN ADDRESSES ONE OF MOST IMPACTFUL EMERGING VALUE CHAINS1 - STARTS EXPLOSION DATA – VELOCITY, VOLUME COMPLEXITYSOCIAL MEDIA – EVERY MINUTE 7000 NEW PHOTOS ON FLICKA, 28K BLOGS TUMBLR, 100K TWEETS, 48 HOURS NEW VIDEO ON YOU TUBEENTERPRISE – WALL MART 50M FILING CABINETS CUSTOMER DATA AN HOURPUBLIC SECTOR – 6000 DATA SETS RELEASED BY DATA.GOV.UKIOT – 50B DEVICES 2020 / 0.2% THINGS CONNECTEDOVERALL 4 TRILLION GIGA BYTES DATA CREATED AND SAHRED BY 2013 – X2 2015 2 –NEW DATA COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT - INCREASINGLY MOBILE– 100 TIMES INCREASE IN MOBILE INTERNET DATA 2015 VS 2012 - SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION3 - DATA – KNOWLEDGE –THE VALUE IS IN THE ABILITY TO MIX OR “MASH” THESE NEW STREAMS OF DATA – HIP HOP DEFINITION OF “MASHED” - TO GIVE NEW INSIGHTS AND KNOWLEDGE – THIS DATA SCIENCE CEBR – USE OF DATA ANALYSIS 60K NEW JOBS AND 40K NEW DATA ANALYTIC START Ups4 - NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICESENABLING NEW VALUE ACROSS VERTICALS – DATASIFT - SENTIMENT ANALYSIS EXAMPLECEBR UNLOCKED VALUE IN DATA IN UK WAS 25B IN 2011 AND WILL BE 40B 2016SHAKESPEARE 6.8B VALUE ADD IN UK PUBLIC SECTORVALUE CHIAN WE WILL MOVE UP AND DOWN
WHEN I STARTED THE ROLE – EXPECTED TO MAKE EITHER /ORS DECISIONS INITIALLYIN A CONVERGING DIGITAL ECONOMY ITS ABOUT VALUE CHAINS OUR VALUE CHAIN ADDRESSES ONE OF MOST IMPACTFUL EMERGING VALUE CHAINS1 - STARTS EXPLOSION DATA – VELOCITY, VOLUME COMPLEXITYSOCIAL MEDIA – EVERY MINUTE 7000 NEW PHOTOS ON FLICKA, 28K BLOGS TUMBLR, 100K TWEETS, 48 HOURS NEW VIDEO ON YOU TUBEENTERPRISE – WALL MART 50M FILING CABINETS CUSTOMER DATA AN HOURPUBLIC SECTOR – 6000 DATA SETS RELEASED BY DATA.GOV.UKIOT – 50B DEVICES 2020 / 0.2% THINGS CONNECTEDOVERALL 4 TRILLION GIGA BYTES DATA CREATED AND SAHRED BY 2013 – X2 2015 2 –NEW DATA COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT - INCREASINGLY MOBILE– 100 TIMES INCREASE IN MOBILE INTERNET DATA 2015 VS 2012 - SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION3 - DATA – KNOWLEDGE –THE VALUE IS IN THE ABILITY TO MIX OR “MASH” THESE NEW STREAMS OF DATA – HIP HOP DEFINITION OF “MASHED” - TO GIVE NEW INSIGHTS AND KNOWLEDGE – THIS DATA SCIENCE CEBR – USE OF DATA ANALYSIS 60K NEW JOBS AND 40K NEW DATA ANALYTIC START Ups4 - NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICESENABLING NEW VALUE ACROSS VERTICALS – DATASIFT - SENTIMENT ANALYSIS EXAMPLECEBR UNLOCKED VALUE IN DATA IN UK WAS 25B IN 2011 AND WILL BE 40B 2016SHAKESPEARE 6.8B VALUE ADD IN UK PUBLIC SECTORVALUE CHIAN WE WILL MOVE UP AND DOWN
WHEN I STARTED THE ROLE – EXPECTED TO MAKE EITHER /ORS DECISIONS INITIALLYIN A CONVERGING DIGITAL ECONOMY ITS ABOUT VALUE CHAINS OUR VALUE CHAIN ADDRESSES ONE OF MOST IMPACTFUL EMERGING VALUE CHAINS1 - STARTS EXPLOSION DATA – VELOCITY, VOLUME COMPLEXITYSOCIAL MEDIA – EVERY MINUTE 7000 NEW PHOTOS ON FLICKA, 28K BLOGS TUMBLR, 100K TWEETS, 48 HOURS NEW VIDEO ON YOU TUBEENTERPRISE – WALL MART 50M FILING CABINETS CUSTOMER DATA AN HOURPUBLIC SECTOR – 6000 DATA SETS RELEASED BY DATA.GOV.UKIOT – 50B DEVICES 2020 / 0.2% THINGS CONNECTEDOVERALL 4 TRILLION GIGA BYTES DATA CREATED AND SAHRED BY 2013 – X2 2015 2 –NEW DATA COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT - INCREASINGLY MOBILE– 100 TIMES INCREASE IN MOBILE INTERNET DATA 2015 VS 2012 - SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION3 - DATA – KNOWLEDGE –THE VALUE IS IN THE ABILITY TO MIX OR “MASH” THESE NEW STREAMS OF DATA – HIP HOP DEFINITION OF “MASHED” - TO GIVE NEW INSIGHTS AND KNOWLEDGE – THIS DATA SCIENCE CEBR – USE OF DATA ANALYSIS 60K NEW JOBS AND 40K NEW DATA ANALYTIC START Ups4 - NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICESENABLING NEW VALUE ACROSS VERTICALS – DATASIFT - SENTIMENT ANALYSIS EXAMPLECEBR UNLOCKED VALUE IN DATA IN UK WAS 25B IN 2011 AND WILL BE 40B 2016SHAKESPEARE 6.8B VALUE ADD IN UK PUBLIC SECTORVALUE CHIAN WE WILL MOVE UP AND DOWN