3. LIQUID
•is a nearly incompressible fluid that
conforms to the shape of its
container but retains a constant
volume independent of pressure.
4. GAS
•can expand freely to fill the whole of
a container, having no fixed shape
(unlike a solid) and no fixed volume
(unlike a liquid).
5. PROPERTIES OF THREE MAIN STATE OF
MATTER
STATES PROPERTIES
SOLID
rigid and compact
has definite shape and volume
does not flow
generally incompressible
LIQUID
has definite volume but no definite shape
flows and diffuses slowly
almost incompressible
GAS
Has no definite shape and volume
Flows and diffuses easily
Compressible
6. • PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
• 1. Solids are rigid, compact, and compressible. The strong
attractive forces between solid particles make them closely packed
and incompressible.
• 2. Solids have different shape and volume. The strong attractive
forces also limit the motion of the particles in a fixed position.
Thus, a solid has an ordered arrangement of particle that give them
a definite shape and volume.
• 3. Solid do not flow. Solid particles only vibrate at fixed positions.
They do not slip and slide like the liquid or gas particles. Hence,
they do not flow.
7. • PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS
• 1. Liquids have definite volume but no definite shape. The
force of attraction between the particles of a liquid holds
them closer and allows them to occupy a definite space or
volume.
• 2. Liquids flow and diffuse slowly. Like gas, liquid is
considered a fluid. A fluid is a substance that has the ability
to flow.
• 3. Liquids are almost incompressible. The liquid particles are
8. • PROPERTIES OF GASES
• 1. Gases have no definite shape and volume. Because the intermolecular force
between gas particles is negligible, they will fill their container regardless of its shape
and volume. Ex. Air used to inflate a balloon assumes the shape and volume of the
balloon.
• Air pumped into a tire assumes the size and shape of the tire.
• 2. Gases flow and diffuse easily. Gas particles are in constant, random motion. They
flow easily and mix evenly. Particles move from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration. Ex. Smelling perfume from a distance; Smelling adobo being
cooked in the kitchen from your bedroom.
• 3. Gases are compressible. Gas particles are far apart. You can therefore compress
the particles, or reduce the distance between them, by applying external pressure. Ex.
Inflated balloon can be squeezed; Carbon dioxide gas compressed in carbonated
drinks.
• 4. Gases exert pressure. Moving bodies, such as gas particles, exert pressure. Ex.
9. THE DIFFERENCES IN THE PROPERTIES OF GASES, LIQUIDS, AND
SOLIDS CAN BE EXPLAINED IN TERMS OF THE ARRANGEMENT
AND MOVEMENT OF THEIR PARTICLES.
Basis Gas Liquid Solid
Arrangement
of particles
Far apart in a random
arrangement
close together in a
disorderly arrangement
closely packed in an
orderly arrangement
Forces
between
particles
Negligible
intermolecular forces
Weak intermolecular
forces
Strong forces holding
particles together
Movement of
particles
Move freely and
randomly
Slide past one another Vibrate about their fixed
position
10. • Choose from the options below the state (s) of matter that match (es) the given property. You may
have more than one more answer
• 1. They can flow
• 2. They diffuse rapidly.
• 3. They have no define shape.
• 4. They melt.
• 5. They freeze.
a. gases b. liquids c. solids d. gases and
11. SHORT ANSWER RESPONSE. DIFFERENTIATE THE THREE
STATES OF MATTER BY COMPLETING THE TABLE.
State of
Matter
Arrangement of Particles Movement of Particles
Solid
Liquid
Gas
12. IV. EVALUATION
• Identify the state of matter which has the following properties.
• a. solid b. liquid c. gas d. energy
• 1. It has rigid, compact and compressible.
• 2. It flows and diffuses easily.
• 3. It almost incompressible.
• 4. It has no definite shape and volume.
• 5. It flows and diffuses slowly.
• 6. It has definite volume but no definite shape.
• 7. It is generally incompressible.
• 8. It has definite volume and shape.
• 9. It is compressible.
• 10. It does not flow.
