Martial law refers to periods in Philippine history where control is given to the Armed Forces by the head of state, usually due to civil unrest or natural disasters. President Ferdinand Marcos imposed martial law from 1972 to 1981, suspending civil liberties and Congress to suppress growing civil strife and threats of communist takeover following bombings. Marcos claimed chaos and lawlessness were imminent and declared martial law, suspending the constitution and assuming absolute power. Martial law was initially popular but became unpopular due to human rights abuses and torture used by the military against Marcos' opponents. Martial law was lifted in 1981 but civil unrest continued, culminating in the People Power Revolution in 1986 which ousted Marcos.