In 1952, a factory in Minamata, Japan used mercury as a catalyst which washed into the local bay. In 1953, fishermen and farmers began showing symptoms of neurological damage and fetal deformities due to mercury poisoning, known as Minamata Disease. Itai-itai disease was mass cadmium poisoning starting in 1912 in Toyama Prefecture, Japan, causing severe joint and spine pain. Pulmonary edema occurs when blood pressure rises in the lungs due to left ventricle failure or toxic inhalation like cadmium, leading to fluid in the lungs. Arsenic poisoning is linked to various cancers, heart disease, strokes and skin lesions or darkening. Pulmonary fibrosis involves lung scarring from toxic chromium