The students are required to document the spatial form of the city to note the key spatial experience that is driven by the urban form and content.

1. t a l e s
o f
t h r e e
c i t i e s
MAPPING
THE
TOWNSCAPE
MAPPING
THE
TOWNSCAPE

2. Chee Jia Xin
Chifundo Sapuwa
Eric Lo Yann Shin
Kalvin Bong Jia Ying
Kang Zi Shan
Kennett Lim Roong Xiang
Lee Shi Yin
Tan Wei Sen
Ting Xiao Yao
AGROUPEFFORTBY
Tutor
Dr. Sucharita Srirangam
02

3. CONTENTS C H A P T E R O N E / / A M S T E R D A M & S I N G A P O R E
T h e o r i z a t i o n o f A m s t e r d a m • 0 7
T h e o r i z a t i o n o f S i n g a p o r e • 0 8
C H A P T E R T W O / / F I G U R E G R O U N D A N A L Y S I S
L o c a t i o n P l a n • 1 0
K e y P l a n • 1 1
M a s t e r P l a n • 1 2
S i t e P l a n • 1 3
M o r p h o l o g y • 1 4
F i g u r e G r o u n d • 1 5
S o l i d & V o i d • 1 6
B u i l d i n g T y p o l o g y • 1 7
T y p o l o g y o f I n - B e t w e e n S p a c e s • 1 8
G r i d S y s t e m • 1 9
S c a l e • 2 0
U r b a n G r e e n • 2 1
L a n d U s e D i s t r i b u t i o n • 2 2
N o d e s • 2 3
H o t s p o t s o f P u b l i c D o m a i n • 2 4
H o t s p o t s o f P r i v a t e D o m a i n • 2 5
03

4. CONTENTS M o v e m e n t P a t t e r n ( V e h i c u l a r ) • 2 6
M o v e m e n t P a t t e r n ( P e d e s t r i a n ) • 2 7
P e d e s t r i a n B r i d g e • 2 8
B i c y c l e L a n e • 2 9
T r a f f i c C o n d i t i o n s • 3 0
C H A P T E R T H R E E / / C I T Y O F C L A R I T Y
E x p e r i e n c e
D i v e r s i t y t o M o n u m e n t a l i t y • 3 3
U r b a n S c a l e & I n t i m a t e S c a l e • 3 4
C o n t i n u i t y & D i s r u p t i o n • 3 5
R e p e t i t i o n • 3 6
T r a n s i t i o n a l F u n c t i o n • 3 7
W i d e r t o N a r r o w e r S t r e e t • 3 8
I n c l u s i v e t o E x c l u s i v e • 3 9
D u a l i s m t h r o u g h A p p r o a c h • 4 0
R i g i d t o F l e x i b l e • 4 1
S e r i a l V i s i o n
S e r i a l V i s i o n 1 : O r d e r • 4 2
S e r i a l V i s i o n 2 : C o n s i s t e n t • 4 8
S e r i a l V i s i o n 3 : D i v e r s i f i e d • 5 3
04

5. CONTENTS C H A P T E R F O U R / / C O L L A G E C I T Y
L o w R i s e & H i g h R i s e • 5 9
S h a d e d T r e e s • 6 0
W a l k a b l e P a t h w a y • 6 1
Z e b r a C r o s s i n g • 6 2
P e o p l e • 6 3
P a t h • 6 4
A c t i v i t y • 6 5
L a n d m a r k • 6 6
C i r c u l a t i o n • 6 7
S u m m a r y • 6 8
C H A P T E R F I V E / / M A P P I N G T H E T O W N S C A P E
D i m e n s i o n s • 7 0
C o m p a r i s o n o f T h r e e C i t i e s • 7 1
C H A P T E R S I X / / T A L E S O F W I S H E S
T a l e s o f W i s h e s • 7 3
C H A P T E R S E V E N / / C O N C L U S I O N
T h e P r o j e c t i v e C i t y • 7 8
05

6. c h a p t e r
o n e
a m s t e r d a m
a n d
s i n g a p o r e
Theorizing the City
Study on theorization
of the two cities: Borneo
Sporenburg in Amsterdam
and Orchard Road in
Singapore
06

7. t h e o r i z a t i o n o f a m s t e r d a m
b o r n e o - s p o r e n b u r g
Engaging Context
Breaking Uniformity
Building Along The
Edge
Linear Unobstructed
Pathway
Social Integration
Neighborhood
Connectivity
Avoid Space Transitional
Movement
Diverse Zoning
One Direction
Individuality and
Collectivity
Create Livability
Future
Considerations
Modularity Flexibility in
Spatial Usage
Break Of Horizontal
Continuity
Solid FlowSpatial Integrity
Through Public
Facilities
Central Node
Conserving Tradition
and Culture
Water
Transportation
Inheritance Adaptive Reuse
Bike Park Continuous
Movement
Street Identity
Sustainable
Transportation
Alternative FlowFocal PointBuilding Geometry
Break Of PatternSpatial TransitionFacade Variation
Functional Zoning Framing Views Of
Ocean
CIRCULATIONFUNCTIONFORMARCHITECTS' CONCEPT
07
Prolonged Cycle

8. t h e o r i z a t i o n o f s i n g a p o r e
o r c h a r d r o a d
Transparency
Engaging Facade
Articulation
Transparent glass
facade enhance its
visual quality.
Building setback
creating space for
the pedestrian
activity.
Create visual
interest to the
visitor.
Create nodes
which allow
activities happen
underneath.
Street Integrated Mall Make ease of in
and out movement,
creating different
level experience.
Iconic design create
nodes which the
pedestrian stop and
gather.
Different visually
engaging facade
attract visitor to
the mall.
Pedestrian
Engagement
Branding
Wide walkways
making ease of
pedestrian
movement.
Building setback
creates layering
for different
pedestrian activity.
Glass facade and
Steel structure as
identity of global
retailing position.
Modern looking
design encourage
a series of
luxurious activity.
Bringing in outdoor
street activities to
the interior space.
Connecting the
interior spatial
experience and
the streets.
Enhance visual
interaction
between inside &
outside.
Transparency
enhance visual
interest and attract
visitor enter the mall.
CIRCULATIONFUNCTIONFORMARCHITECTS' CONCEPT
08

9. c h a p t e r
t w o
f i g u r e
g r o u n d
a n a l y s i s
Figure Ground
Land Use
Movement Pattern
0609

10. l o c a t i o n
p l a n
K U A L A
L U M P U R
South China Sea
10

11. k e y
p l a n
Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, transformed from a humble beginning to a bustling
metropolis today. Bustling with life and teeming with energy, KL is today considered one of
South East Asia’s strongest economic forces. Characterized by multiculturalism and rich
history, KL is often known as City of Lights, making it a fascinating destination.
TRANSFORMATION
K U A L A L U M P U R
11

12. m a s t e r
p l a n
Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC) is a multipurpose development area in Kuala Lumpur
where it comprises of mainly luxury shopping malls, hotels, office towers, and residential
buildings all connected by a series of transport network. Designed to be a city within a city,
part of the KLCC land houses the tallest twin buildings in the world.
CONVERGENCE
K U A L A L U M P U R
K L C C
12

13. s i t e
p l a n
Beginning with the border between KLCC and Bukit Bintang district - Jalan Raja Chulan, then to
Jalan Kia Peng which is partially covered by an overhead bridge that links different key areas,
and finally Jalan Pinang - closest relation to the twin towers. These three sections of streets lie
within the heart of bustling Golden Triangle, connecting the South and North side of KLCC area.
TRANSITION
K U A L A L U M P U R
K L C C
13
R O U T E
0 1 / J A L A N R A J A C H U L A N
0 2 / J A L A N K I A P E N G
0 3 / J A L A N P I N A N G
01
02
03

14. m o r p h o l o g y
• Small town with
scattered villages
in the surrounding
• British colonial
influenced the
built environment
• Shophouse
typology: trading
+ residential
• Muddy path in
between buildings
• Architecture for
national identity
• Residential areas
start moving to the
periphery
• City center starts
shifting to Bukit
Bintang
• Substitute
something more
solid: tar road
• City merges into
metropolis
• Development
mainly takes place
around KLCC
• Well-planned
road and path
network
• Affordability
moves people
further out
• Mega
developments
• City center
broken into hubs
and nodes
• Well-developed
transportation
network
• In-between
spaces become
narrower
14
1895 1960 2000 2018
A MUDDY
CONFLUENCE
THE HEARTBEAT
OF A NATION
GREATER KLA CAPITAL CITY
TAKES SHAPE

15. f i g u r e g r o u n d
The figure ground study reveals the degree of contrast between the large building footprints
at the North side and mostly small building footprints at the South side. At the North, Twin
Towers stand for the nation pride as a landmark in term of its scale whereas at the South
sits different buildings which serve for specific functions.
CORRELATE
15

16. s o l i d & v o i d
From the study of solid and void, solids are represented by the built form whereas voids are
presented by the negative spaces of the area, it is unbuilt and open to the public. Voids
provide clearer and wider vision for people who travel to their destinations, as compared to
solids, it is compact and crowded by the buildings.
CONTENT AND COMPACT
16

17. b u i l d i n g t y p o l o g y
Within a city, it requires proper zoning pattern in relation to the functions desired within the
vicinity. The organization of building layout within the KLCC area is in a rather cluster
planning. The collective small scaled office and hospitality buildings are highlighted as block
form whereas the individual built functions highlighted as point form.
INDIVIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY
17

18. t y p o l o g y o f i n - b e t w e e n s p a c e s
The in-between spaces are formed by the discontinued pattern of built forms to create
breathability within the terrace arrangement planning. The individual typologies are depicting
porosity to circulate throughout. Most of these spaces are occupied for being as a service
accessway, whilst being left bear to store as vehicles. Several typologies of the spaces consist
of a vast flat concrete ground settled, a clump of built form creating the diffusal pattern in-
through-out, and a dead-end. Modular perimeter with potentials to create livability within the city.
UNORGANIZED CLUTTERED NETWORK
18

19. g r i d s y s t e m
Buildings are arranged in distorted grid. They are divided randomly by the streets and
pathways into deformed grid system in which horizontal grid lines intersects with the
vertical grid lines. These form a few junctions at the streets which cause traffic congestion
easily.
DEFORMED GRID
19

20. s c a l e
Scale of the buildings differs from North to South. The buildings of North and South part are
mainly mixed-use development in big footprint scale. While the center part are in smaller
scale as they cater specific functions and mostly arranged apart from each other.
BUILT FORM VARIES FUNCTION
20

21. u r b a n g r e e n
Breathability, sustainability, and integrating the essence of nature within the realm of urbanity.
The conducive intervals placements along the linear stretch of the road from Jalan Raja
Chulan to Jalan Pinang creating a sense of a transitional journey from the vast surrounding of
concrete jungle. The patterns of greenery placements signify the approach of creating
livability for future considerations through conserving these green patches.
PERMEABILITY
21

22. l a n d u s e d i s t r i b u t i o n
The area of land use from Bukit Bintang area towards KLCC area are used sufficiently
with mainly work and leisure purposes. The surrounding is bounded with areas which
cater specific functions, such as shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, high rise offices,
banks, residentials and open spaces.
DIVERSITY
22

23. n o d e s
The exit from the pedestrian bridge to pavements forms a sense of a pause moment. A
perceptual dimension into indicating pedestrians to proceed to their next journey. Nodes
like the malls, are strategically placed as its’ mall entrance opens to the pavement and the
street welcoming patrons.
STOPPING POINT
23
P O I N T
0 1 / P A V I L I O N E N T R A N C E
0 2 / P E D E S T R I A N B R I D G E E X I T
0 3 / P E D E S T R I A N C R O S S I N G
03
02
01

24. h o t s p o t s o f p u b l i c d o m a i n
A city needs urban nodes that fits the needs of desired points of interests for the people.
Local area hotspots characters as a sense of converging points. Exits form the pedestrian
bridges from Jalan Kia Peng to the Hakka Restaurant and the Grand Hyatt Hotel as a form
of physical wayfinding and legibility of surrounding vicinity. Clear hotspots placed in relation
to the linear axis of a path creating a sense of street identity.
INTEREST POINT
24
S U R I A
K L C C
K L C C
C O N V E N T I O N
C E N T R E
P A V I L I O N
M A L L
H A K K A
R E S T A U R A N T
G R A N D
H Y A T T
H O T E L

25. h o t s p o t s o f p r i v a t e d o m a i n
Secluded functions that work around within their confines and with self-sustaining
programmes for the user groups of given function within a building. Residencies cater for the
concept of homing individuals in the city, offices deal with corporate functions, private
amenities intended for the public. Private sectors individually and collectively make up the
cluster planning of the city.
SEGREGATED INTERESTS
25
E T I Q A
T O W E R
P A V I L I O N
R E S I D E N C E
P R I V A T E
C A R P A R K
W I S M A
U O A

26. m o v e m e n t p a t t e r n ( v e h i c u l a r )
The primary circulation pattern of Jalan Raja Chulan that networks Pavillion to KLCC by
which it links to the secondary circulation pattern of Jalan Pinang and Jalan Kia Peng
propagates in a single direction. The linear movement pattern that spans throughout the
city at a clear single flow to the desired destination.
LINEAR LINKAGE
26

27. m o v e m e n t p a t t e r n ( p e d e s t r i a n )
There are clear pedestrian pathways along Jalan Raja Chulan to Jalan Pinang for securing
pedestrian's safety. The road is paved with concrete tiles or bricks, along with some greenery
planted alongside to provide shade and introduce some softscape with the relatively
hardscape street. This form a more humanized and safety streetscape for pedestrians.
CONSIDERATE FOOT CIRCULATION
27

28. p e d e s t r i a n b r i d g e
The pedestrian bridge provides a linear pedestrian movement, diversifying the accessibility
between two buildings or spaces. This will ease the movement of pedestrian from a building
to another building without using the vehicle road, hence increases connectivity and
permeability.
BRIDGING CONNECTION
28

29. b i c y c l e l a n e
The bicycle lane helps to keep cyclists safe and provide an alternative way of travel within
the city, cutting congestion and reducing pollution. It also improves safety for vehicles
making right turns. Bicycle lanes add to the turning radius at driveways and intersections,
reducing the risk of rear-end crashes. However, riding a bike also helps people to keep
physically fit, reduces stress and provide a variety of cognitive benefits.
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
29

30. t r a f f i c c o n d i t i o n s
p e a k h o u r
The traffic condition of the road are slightly different depending on the time, activities and
fuctions of buildings around the area. During peak hour, there is congestion at major roads
(Jalan Raja Chulan and Jalan Kia Peng) and the junctions compared to the sub-streets.
NETWORK CONGESTION
30

31. t r a f f i c c o n d i t i o n s
n o n - p e a k h o u r
During non-peak hour, only the main road (Jalan Raja Chulan) will be having high density of
vehicles due to the shopping mall (Pavillion) strategic location. Huge amount of visitors will
enter and exit the car park through its openings which are all located along Jalan Raja Chulan.
ISOLATED CONGESTION
31

32. c h a p t e r
t h r e e
c i t y o f
c l a r i t y
Experiential and
Visual Aspect
In relate with form,
function and circulation
32

33. d i v e r s i t y t o m o n u m e n t a l i t y
The built forms, landscape, streets, infrastructures diversify the quality of the urban realm
function mainly as to cater the need of to circulate within and throughout the city. The
generous ambiguity of built form and functions seemingly fills up the journey transitioning
from Jalan Raja Chulan thoroughgoing until Jalan Pinang. The 6-lane streets converging to a
2-lane street signifies the narrowing the transition inwards to the heart of the city where the
street is surrounded by a valley of built monumental forms. These unique and noticeable
monuments of buildings clearly depict the landmark legibility of the city.
IDENTITY (BUILT FORM OF LANDMARK)
33
EXPERIENCE
D I V E R S I T Y
B U K I T B I N T A N G
Built forms, landscape, streets,
and infrastructures are available.
M O N U M E N T A L I T Y
K L C C
Noticeable landmark everywhere.

34. u r b a n s c a l e & i n t i m a t e s c a l e
Beginning from the start of Jalan Raja Chulan, the sense of openness can be felt along the
pathways as it’s distance to the overreaching height of built forms surrounding along the
wide street of traffic moving and congesting constantly. Entering next, Jalan Kia Peng, the
street introduces pedestrians circulating throughout with lush greeneries that canopy the
walkway, and with more quiet, compact, and shorter rows of offices and condominiums
along a 3-lane street slower traffic pace. Proceeding to Jalan Pinang where wide spread
canopy of trees and towering built forms making one feel being intimidated with its size. The
clear perception dimension of how the perceiving enclosureness of the wide street start of
Jalan Raja Chulan, transitioned to a much narrow street of Jalan Pinang.
ENCLOSURE (STREET)
34
EXPERIENCE
U R B A N S C A L E
J A L A N R A J A C H U L A N
Sense of openness due to the
absence of blocking views.
I N T I M A T E S C A L E
J A L A N P I N A N G
Pedestrian bridge that alters the
perception of the scale.

35. c o n t i n u i t y & d i s r u p t i o n
Clear pavements are readied on both sides of the pedestrian access. They evidently span
the whole stretch of journey from Jalan Raja Chulan to Jalan Pinang. These walkways are
to pedestrian to access it as a safe and convenient way to travel especially during peak
hours whereby the roads will be congested with vehicles. The pedestrian walkways are well
maintained along the way, and it creates a sense of continuity for the pedestrian without
having to stop. However, the break of the walkway has to happen by the junctions when
vehicle circulation needs to cross. In situation like this, the pedestrian experiences a sense
of disruption causing them to change in speed or direction. Disruption also occur when the
walkway becomes narrower, thus slowing down the pace of foot circulation movements.
The clear consistent stretch of the pavements along with the disruption in-between is clearly
depicted throughout the whole journey.
PATHWAY NETWORKS
35
EXPERIENCE
C O N T I N U I T Y
J A L A N K I A P E N G
The vehicles parked at the side
allows continuity in the pedestrian
circulation.
D I S R U P T I O N
J A L A N K I A P E N G
Sudden obstruction caused
disruption along the walkways.

36. r e p e t i t i o n
The walkable pathways among the streets varies in different vantage, placements and
functionality. Hence, one may experience a transition upon entering KLCC through Jalan
Raja Chulan and Jalan Pinang. Patterned concrete tiles paved along Jalan Raja Chulan
along with some trees planted alongside to provide shade and introduce some softscape as
to juxtapose the hard street scape. This suggests a more humanised streetscape as
compared to the congested highway. The zebra crossing marked to allow pedestrians to
cross from one side of the road to the other. Hence, the location of placing the zebra
crossing is very important. The use of zebra crossings also indicates the positions of the
landmark buildings. This in turn shows the clarity of the road leading pedestrians to their
designated building. Easing of the movement of pedestrian to reach their destination from
the opposite of the road to another side of the road easily.
WALKABLE PATHWAYS
36
EXPERIENCE
J A L A N K I A P E N G
Pattern concrete tiles paved
along the street is repeated.
J A L A N P I N A N G
Zebra crossings are repeated
near the landmarks of the city to
ease movement of pedestrians.

37. t r a n s i t i o n a l f u n c t i o n
Every city has its main function. The journey from Pavillion to KLCC has a clear transition of
activities and also the people. Moving along the road from Jalan Raja Chulan into Jalan Kia
Peng, most of office user group circulating the zebra crossing a pavements’ pathways.
Programmes that surrounded these streets consists of mainly office buildings, restaurant,
and parking amenities. During lunch time, office workers will use the pedestrian pathways
to reach the restaurant. While during off-work peak hours, people circulating the pathway
are mainly office workers as the pathway leads to public transport area such as a bus stop
or metro parking. While turning into Jalan Pinang, tourists flock the vicinity as its landmarks
are located by Jalan Pinang and surrounded by building functions that attracts people to
this area. In essence, the sense of procedure activities can be seen throughout. The clarity
of different people circulating the streets in relation to buildings’ function over time.
PROCEDURED FUNCTION
37
EXPERIENCE
W O R K - B A S E D A C T I V I T Y
J A L A N K I A P E N G
White collars can be easily spotted
around the office blocks area.
T O U R I S T - B A S E D A C T I V I T Y
J A L A N P I N A N G
Towards the end of Jalan Pinang
is the Twin Tower which serves
as a tourist destination.

38. w i d e r t o n a r r o w e r s t r e e t
Connectivity is the pulse of the city, the street circulation running through connects every
streets and road throughout the whole city. Jalan Raja Chulan street consist a wide lane to
cater the dense vehicular traffic movement pattern spanning throughout the vicinity. It
generates the sense of being hectic, always on the move. Turning into the street of Jalan
Kia Peng, a sense of slowing takes place. Although with a moderate width of the street, the
circulation isn’t as dense as the main streets’. The streets’ previous 6-lane is then later
reduced to a mere 3-lane circulation pattern progressing towards the vantage of Jalan
Pinang. The one-way circulation of the 3-lane street of Jalan Pinang is placed in-between
towering hotel and commerce buildings surrounding the street. Its is apparent as the street
becomes narrower from the start from Jalan Raja Chulan to Jalan Pinang as the 6-lane
street reduced to 3-lane street.
NARROWING INTEREST
38
EXPERIENCE
W I D E R
J A L A N R A J A C H U L A N
The width of street is wide to cater the
huge amount of pedestrians.
N A R R O W E R
J A L A N P I N A N G
Due to limited spaces at the KLCC
center, the street is getting narrower.

39. i n c l u s i v e t o e x c l u s i v e
Function is a vital category within a city. One may experience a transition from Pavilion mall
to KLCC. Beginning by Jalan Raja Chulan, proper pathed walkways are by the edge of the
clear programme shopping function of the built form of Pavillion bridging towards the centre
of KLCC where the functions transitioned to a more corporate oriented zone. The
transitional sensation of vibrancy to authority when oscillation between Pavillion to KLCC.
The clear representation of change of function from commercial to corporate.
ACTIVITY
39
EXPERIENCE
I N C L U S I V E
B U K I T B I N T A N G
Pavilion mall entrance located at Jalan
Raja Chulan is open and welcoming.
E X C L U S I V E
J A L A N K I A P E N G
Sense of distant felt in corporate-oriented
zone due to the strict security of the
building.

40. d u a l i s m t h r o u g h a p p r o a c h
Functions within a city can be competitive as they are symmetrical yet contrasting. During
the day the streets are rhythm with sparkles of warm luxurious pattern of light riddled along
the street of Jalan Raja Chulan as Pavillion resents an attractive function of the area and
street. Passing along through the humble and quiet pace of Jalan Kia Peng to another
bustling luxurious street of Jalan Pinang, one is approached by the monumental built form
of the KLCC towers as with its attractive function illuminated by the serene and mature
lighting sparkling pattern of the grand towers. The clear duality whereby the welcome to the
immediate approach of the luxurious function shopping gallery of Pavillion and humble
approach of the luxurious landmark shopping gallery of Suria KLCC.
GRANDUER STATUS
40
EXPERIENCE
I M M E D I A T E A P P R O A C H
P A V I L I O N
The stairway with attractive lights give
sense of warm and welcoming for users.
H U M B L E A P P R O A C H
S U R I A K L C C
The huge portion of glass gives
transparency into the interior of the
landmark, symbolizing its openness.

41. r i g i d t o f l e x i b l e
The linear pathway that links the streets all the way from Jalan Raja Chulan to KLCC is
apparent throughout. Proceeding along the start of the journey, the confined feeling of not
being able to manoeuvre left or right as the pavement is in between the main road of Jalan
Raja Chulan and built form of the shopping gallery. Walking down to Jalan Kia Peng, the
generosity of the vast pavements accompanied by built forms which compliments the street
by having its façade-oriented facing to it as well as introduction zebra crossings to calmly
access the other side of the road. The feel of being at tranquil can be felt for its slow-paced
movement and comfortable width of the pavements. Continuing to Jalan Pinang, the
diversity of different types of circulation is clear. Bicycle and foot crossings to the other side
of the street, in relation to the narrow one-way street flow of Jalan Pinang. It is clear that the
sense of confinement is spreaded apart from ones view transitioning from Jalan Raja
Chulan to Jalan Pinang.
DIVERSIFIED LINEARITY
41
EXPERIENCE
R I G I D
J A L A N R A J A C H U L A N
The confined feeling while walking on the
pathway due to development at the site
aside affecting the space.
F L E X I B L E
J A L A N R A J A C H U L A N
The generosity of the vast pavements
accompanied by built forms can be
clearly seen.

42. s e r i a l v i s i o n 1
o r d e r
42
VISUAL
V I E W I N G
P O I N T
01
02
03
04
05

43. 0 1
s t a t e m e n t t h r o u g h v i s t a
43
ORDER
Development influences architecture; individual built forms is arranged clustery
throughout the city. The high rise of these structures depicts the of how they are
oriented and placed; having distance from one building to another and relation to
the street running through it. These modular structures overlapping each other
from a peripheral vista gives an impression of how they are harmonically
organized.

44. 0 2
h u m b l e s e t b a c k s
44
ORDER
Building placements spaces out a considerable amount for the consideration for
circulation. The road runs along parallel with the pathways, but perpendicular to
built form orientations; facades of the forms faces the streets running along. The
discipline setbacks of the buildings throughout the stretch gives relation towards
the circulation.

45. 0 3
s o l i d t o s o f t
45
ORDER
Soft green swellings contrasts the solid concrete pattern of the city. These
greens are planted by every corner, edges of built forms, and along walkways
not only beautifying the place; but creating breathability, diversifying the order of
built elements and nature. The essential balance of a city to integrate its notion
with greeneries.

46. 0 4
h i e r a r c h i c a l o r d e r
46
ORDER
Tremendous characters of the built forms reaching up for the sky collectively
aroused from the streets to. The relation of buildings competing height to
achieve fame and name. Creating a sense of local character and identity
amongst the mix of buildings.

47. 0 5
s y m m e t r y i n b u i l t f o r m s
47
ORDER
The form of the building exchanges architypes by complimenting one another.
Although serve different functions whereby the left serves as an executive office
building, whereas the right a renown hotel. The building obvious mass clearly
depicts how the form of a building can be deduced into any function - modularity.
Even though similar, the texture of the building can contradict on another without
the compromise of functionality, and creating a sort of tenon points with one
another.

48. s e r i a l v i s i o n 2
c o n s i s t e n t
48
VISUAL
V I E W I N G
P O I N T
01
02
03
04

49. 0 1
f u n c t i o n f o r l e i s u r e
49
CONSISTENT
The programme of the building is clear. The whole stretch of Jalan Raja Chulan
occupied with the a popular luxurious hotel and residency, as well as a shopping
gallery: Pavillion Bukit Bintang. A sense of grandeur is interpreted through the
whole street as it’s gold luminescence light welcomes a person to be indulged in
luxury.

50. 0 2
f o r m s
50
CONSISTENT
Verticality is repeated along the edges of the street. The ambiguity style of high
rise buildings being a stretch up to the sky and providing similar functions; but
not conflicting among another function of the same category. The sense of street
identity can be justified by it narrow road with buildings setback closer to the
road.

51. 0 3
f r a m e o f c o n s i s t e n c y
51
CONSISTENT
The picture tells the balance of elements that are consistent throughout. The high
rise concretes as juxtapose to the greeneries, pedestrian and vehicular pathway as
well as bicycle paths. All these elements are kept constant throughout the street of
Jalan Pinang, where they co-relate with one another providing ease of movements
and legibility whilst sustainability to the city thus creating livability.

52. 0 4
s t r e t c h o f o p p o r t u n i t i e s
52
CONSISTENT
The repetitive asymmetrical façade pattern of built form but with similar typologies
repeated throughout. Looks and impression of a building differs; the primary
function are kept similar to compliment zoning pattern of the city, commercial.
Social integration plays an integral role of the city, the typology of the building
having its lower level to cater the social activities to be carried out during different
periods.

53. s e r i a l v i s i o n 3
d i v e r s i f i e d
53
VISUAL
V I E W I N G
P O I N T
01
02
03
04

54. 0 1
b r e a k i n g c o n t i n u i t y
54
DIVERSIFIED
Dedicated walking pathways are disrupted for the adjacent flow of vehicular
circulation to cross over from the street and into the building. Exposing the threat
to pedestrians utilizing the path by the edge of Pavilion shopping gallery from the
impending vehicular traffic circulation. This creates an uncertainty feel of being
always aware.

55. 0 2
c o n t r a s t i n g t r a n q u i l i t y
55
DIVERSIFIED
As do every typology with vehicles to cross over the walkway, the ambient of
being residentialized can be felt throughout the street. The vast pavements with
integrated greeneries rhythm along the whole stretch, walking along a secondary
street that is not often circulating with vehicles.

56. 0 3
g r e e n e r y d i s r u p t i o n
56
DIVERSIFIED
Preserving nature - the natural sprouting of the tree is apparent as disrupting the
convenience of foot circulation; increasing the sense of a public realm walking
under and through the tree. The pattern of walking on a flat uneasy pavement is
interrupted by a natural placement.

57. 0 4
a t t r a c t i n g c i r c u l a t i o n
57
DIVERSIFIED
Points of interest by the adjacent street draw interest of pedestrians from the
other side. The existing linear circulation pattern is introduced with the presence
variety of interesting nodes. The diversified pattern of circulation constantly
oscillated from one point to the other, this slows down the pace of the movement
patterns throughout.

58. c h a p t e r
f o u r
c o l l a g e
c i t y
Urban
Distinctive
Character
58

59. 32
l o w r i s e & h i g h r i s e
From the diagram, the building height increases as traveling along Jalan Pinang from Jalan
Raja Chulan. The span of building set back to the road lengthens which clearly evokes the
feeling of the estrangement as the density of people is at low within the confine street of
Jalan Pinang.
HIERARCHY OF BUILDING
59

60. 32
s h a d e d t r e e s
Trees are clearly allocated strategically to provide naturally shaded area. A visual contrast is
presented through the pedestrian’s turning point by having a naturally grown vegetation in a
city dominant in its man-made structures. Shades may turn into a gathered point due to its
collective yet clustered position. The natural shaded area create opportunities for people to
utilize open spaces comfortably and functionally.
CREATE LIVABILITY
60

61. 32
w a l k a b l e p a t h w a y
The walkable pedestrian pathways spanning the sreetes of Jalan Raja Chulan, Jalan Kia
Peng, and Jalan Pinang varies in different typologies. One may experience a transition of
street use from the Jalan Raja Chulan whereby properly pathed walkways are presented
and allowing pedestrians to easily access the shopping gallery of Pavillion while
approaching Jalan Pinang, the walkways are mostly used by people directing to other point
of interests. These walkable pathways help pedestrians to connect to various nodes and
public transport stations.
CONTINUITY
61

62. 32
z e b r a c r o s s i n g
The repeated zebra crossing allows movements of crossing for the pedestrians from the
current side of pavement to another stretch of pavement. Not only does it is convenience to
the pedestrian, but to also provide a sense of safe realm whilst crossing the road. It is clear
that the along the street to Jalan Pinang as the street are secondary circulation, the amenity
of these crossings are placed to allow pedestrians to circulate throughout.
REPETITON
62

63. 32
p e o p l e
The swift change of the people density fluctuates throughout the day based on the activities
and functions within the surroundings of built forms. People is more during morning time, as
most of the high-rise buildings are offices, and office workers circulates pedestrian pathways
in between the buildings. People is less during the afternoon since the street becomes an
open space that is exposed to the hot weather. During evening there is high population
everywhere as it is closing office hours and people will be seen circulating the streets and
the KLCC Park as it is the only park in the urban area. By nightfall, the area of KLCC will
have a play of musical fountains, and vibrancy lights, which attracts people for leisure
functions.
MOVEMENT DENSITY
63
morning
nightevening
afternoon

64. 32
p a t h
The stretch of the street spans throughout, but the width varies. The main road that circulate
vehicles by the shopping gallery of Jalan Raja Chulan as the street is diverges and converge
vehicular circulation from this main street to a highway to another part, or further of the city.
Jalan Raja Chulan accommodates the need of heavy traffic pattern circulating throughout,
so it requires the a wide stretch of 6-lane to cater the heavy vehicle movement. While,
proceeding to Jalan Pinang through Jalan Kia Peng, the roads gradually decrease its lane
from 6 to 3 as the street here are secondary and is not always active. It is clear the change
in mood as we become less hectic along the journey. The clarity of gradual change from a
wider street of Jalan Raja Chulanto a narrower street of Jalan Pinang.
TAPERING PATH
64

65. 32
a c t i v i t y
The value of activity changeover from something that is leisure to something that is formal
like corporate functions. Upon diverging from the street of Raja Chulan to Jalan Kia Peng,
one sense the change from a luxurious shopping realm to the cold anonymous realm of the
corporate and office realm. The sudden sensation of loud and free shifting to quiet and
constraint. The clarity of change of function throughout the streets.
CONTRAST IN REALM
65

66. 32
l a n d m a r k
Built form visually signifies landmark thus creating legibility of town by easing movements to
navigate throughout the town. Dense cluster of monumental building stands together along
the and stretch of Jalan Pinang mainly as the street ends by the city’s’ heart. Clear standing
monumental built forms individually placed but collectively stands out to create a sense of
street identity thus knowing ones’ presence within the whereabouts of the city.
LEGIBLE POINT
66

67. 32
c i r c u l a t i o n
Essential movements that gets a person across and throughout the city connected by a
series of networked circulation. The restricted directional circulation movement of Jalan Raja
Chulan is really deceptive as there is the only movement is forwards or backwards. Foot
circulation sits in between built form of the Pavillion and the heavy traffic circulation of street
of Jalan Raja Chulan. Slowly approaching KLCC through the street of Jalan Kia Peng and to
Jalan Pinang The streets becomes more diversified with bridges of connectivity, bicycle
circulation, cross walk of the zebra crossings, as well as single flow pattern of vehicles. It is
clear that circulation is diversified when transitioning to Jalan Pinang from Jalan raja Chulan
thus creating flexibility.
FLEXIBILITY
67

68. 68
SUMMARY

69. c h a p t e r
f i v e
m a p p i n g
t h e
t o w n s c a p e
Kuala Lumpur
Amsterdam
Singapore
69

70. 58
d i m e n s i o n s
Diversity to
Monumentality
Urban Scale &
Intimate Scale
Transitional Function
Wider to
Narrower Street
Inclusive to
Exclusive
Dualism through
Approach
Rigid to Flexible
Repetition
Continuity &
Disruption
PERCEPTU
AL
FUNCTION
AL
TEMPORAL VISUALSOCIAL
MORPHOL
OGICAL
EXPERIENTIAL QUALITIES
70

71. 58
c o m p a r i s o n o f t h r e e c i t i e s
Morphological
Social
Temporal Culture of water
activities still revolved
by the water body of
the Borneo
Multi-functional use for
in-between spaces,
actively engaging the
pedestrians
Expressive facade
allows transparency
into interior, creating
honesty in materiality
Interactive facades
clearly depicts vibrant
movement in and out
through built form
Local Dutch culture
and historical aspects
ported into
contemporary design
Visual
Shopping node at
daytime, active street
at night with festivals
and performances
Linear connection -
individual homes into
collective typologies,
creating harmony
aspect
Changing width of the
street creates
different sensation of
being exposed to
traffic
Passive engagements,
the need of involving
less to ones' self with
the surrounding
Functional Functions are within
built form and wide
setbacks that separate
public and private
Tropical weather -
work hours and daily
time cycles that affect
density of circulation
Globalized city for
foreigners and
international tourists
Integration of local
Dutch culture
Varies in scale,
height and mixed
use typologies
Perceptual
Balanced mix of locals
with multicultural
backgrounds and
foreigners
Low to high skyline
buildings, colonial
to contemporary
style buildings
Activities based on
multi-layering,
creating variety of
spatial experiences
BORNEO SPORENBURG
AMSTERDAM
ORCHARD ROAD
SINGAPORE
KLCC
KUALA LUMPUR
DIMENSIONS
71
Visual privacy - the
interface of public and
private realms

72. c h a p t e r
s i x
t a l e s
o f w i s h e s
A reflection
from all of us
72

73. t a l e s o f w i s h e s
58
Kuala Lumpur is a city that balances both old and new, separated by a fine line of difference
between harmony and aggression. It also acts as a local node with its diversity in culture and
activities. Moreover, the availability of streetscapes despite the existence of tall modern
buildings helps to deliver a tranquil and calm experience to that of a hustling and bustling
city of Kuala Lumpur.
CHEE JIA XIN
After the comparison between the three cities; Amsterdam, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.
Where Amsterdam has held onto its Dutch culture in lifestyle and is a self-sustain city as
everything is provided. Kuala Lumpur has also been able to hold onto its culture and
tradition and is able to adapt and preserve its in buildings even through its modernisation.
While Singapore has a well-planned circulation of pedestrian walkways but it has somehow
lost its culture through its development for modernisation. I would choose Amsterdam as my
city of wish. This is because it is in a developed country but has managed to keep its
heritage and culture. The Dutch lifestyle is simple and does not require much which makes it
a livable city as everything is provide in the neighbour saving time and money. Amsterdam is
also a environmental sustainable city as the Dutch life is simple and easy as most people
use boats or bicycles to venture the city and they believe in green spaces which also
includes the water as one. This low the carbon footprint of the city. I believe in eco-friendly
step to help save the word and also I have been raised in a small town where everything is
provided within the area this is why I would choose Amsterdam over Kuala Lumpur and
Singapore.
CHIFUNDO SAPUWA
73

74. 58
Based on the cities that I have analysed throughout this whole course, KL is a fast-
developing city is the place that I would prefer to live in. As a metropolitan city, it is a hub for
a quality lifestyle as the accessibility to commerce, food and culture is fantastic. I admire the
convenience and accessibility to various local and international outlets. With interesting
townscape, high accessibility and strong culture, it creates an illustrious vibrant city.
ERIC LO YANN SHIN
In my opinion, Kuala Lumpur is literally a city of clarity. Whatever I predicted has projected in
the city’s distinctive characters. The clarity is also supported by our visual observation during
the site visit: the orderly manner of building arrangement, the consistency of predictable
functions and the diversified circulation, that are eventually repeated throughout the whole
street. Compared it to Borneo Sporenburg, Amsterdam, is a city of consistent where the
buildings and streets are all arranged linearly, block by block with similar functions, to ease
the movement and provide transparency. Singapore, city of order where the buildings are all
vertically upwards with linear streets due to limited land area available. Each of them has its
own typology, giving its own unique character, but to map all of them – clarity, order and
consistent – they are all projective cities.
KALVIN BONG JIA YING
Based on the cities that I have analysed throughout this whole course, Kuala Lumpur, a fast-
developing city is the place that I would prefer to live in. It is a city that is clarity and easy to
understand with gleaming skyscrapers, charming locals and culture that will attract tourists.
It is also equipped with facilities for citizen convenience such as the pedestrian with tree
shade and bicycle pathways. I am grateful to not only learn about the urban designs and
typologies from the profile of the city, but also to have gained the skill to analyse something
by looking at the same diagram from different aspects.
KANG ZI SHAN
74

75. 58
A city caters the necessity of the people that inhabits large amount of foot area. The balance
of a healthy ‘ecosystem’ of man and built environment. Amsterdam, Borneo with its linear
typology of built form arrangements, Singapore with its social integration to the minimized
space of the island country, and Kuala Lumpur with its diverse ‘everything’- rojak. Where
Kuala Lumpur zoning functions are planned along with a subtle addition of the circulation
running throughout the city in relation of the individual built forms. City should foster the
value of creating liveability with its people: Borneo Sporenburg is the city I view as a choice I
would prefer to stay. The satisfaction and freedom to interact with the extension of the water
terrain, concentralized public node, clear linear circulation, individual built form closely
neighbouring each other. I feel that this city puts considerations of the people satisfaction
into ensuring a quality of a public realm to create liveability for the residences.
KENNETT LIM ROONG XIANG
Kuala Lumpur is a city with boasting gleaming skyscrapers with the mix of colonial
architecture and interesting local culture and attractions. As the capital of Malaysia, the city
has developing in modernism while retaining the local traditions which represents the
lifestyle of Malaysians. The rich diversity of forms and activities in Kuala Lumpur enriches
the vibrancy of the city.
LEE SHI YIN
Borneo Sporenburg, Amsterdam, is a highly legible urban context that was made for the
people, having in between spaces with pockets of nature on a man-made island. Singapore
is a highly efficient city which has lost its context due to rapid developments and the
disregard for old buildings because of its limited land. Kuala Lumpur has its culture clearly
reflected on its spaces and typology, giving it character.
TAN WEI SEN
75

76. 58
The city I like the most is Amsterdam which is quite known for its unique picturesque
architecture. The city developed as a result of conscious planning. The canals followed a
four “U-shape” design, from west to east, improving the city’s accesses, water management
and security. an innovative, powerful, rich country emerged. A masterplan with not only a
strong respect for Amsterdam’s architectural heritage but also fresh contemporary vision;
following the city’s culture of equality, tolerance, and acceptance, playing a huge role
balancing social disparities that so often occur in this kind of high-density new housing areas
with no identity, nor a sensitive sense of the inhabitants. Borneo- Sporenburg: the Venice of
Amsterdam; the houses touching the water, the reflections over the canals absorbed by the
living environment, the intimate scale but still the characteristic big landmarks that bring
diversity and harmony, becoming a dynamic and interesting new area of Amsterdam.
TING XIAO YAO
76

77. c h a p t e r
s e v e n
c o n c l u s i o n
KLCC
The Projective City
77

78. t h e p r o j e c t i v e c i t y
78
The Projective city, Kuala Lumpur. The city of grandeur doesn’t hide its function amidst
its built form to further express its intention to be luxurious. The city clearly embodies
the expressive values that it becomes along with the sense of a unique culture and
community. Built form consistently fills up every stretch of the street linearly throughout
the whole city, individually and collectively forms the cluttered organization of building
placement layouts. Built form facades facing the street showcasing its grandiosity while
a diverse network of circulation running in-between the towering built forms signifying
movement in different times for people to interpret leisure and work. One could say that
the city of Kuala Lumpur rarely sleeps.
To summarize, comparing the other two country cities: Amsterdam, and Singapore that
we studied, in which each city is greater than the other at a certain aspect. Whereby
Amsterdam city, Borneo-Sporenburg, caters the liveability for the residence that habits
there. And Singapore, Orchard road, where the street integrates social aspect where
commerce value takes place. A clear and significant similarity and differences among
the three cities that is unique to a sense of character and liveability to their people whilst
providing a significant city respectively.