This presentation discusses high-performance man-made fibers, including Kevlar, Nomex, Twaron, and Dyneema fiber. It provides details on the key features, production processes, and applications of each fiber. Kevlar is strong, lightweight fiber used in clothing, accessories, and equipment to provide protection. Nomex is a flame-resistant meta-aramid fiber used in protective apparel. Twaron is a high-performance para-aramid fiber offering strength and stability. Dyneema fiber is the strongest fiber made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. It concludes that while high-performance fibers are expensive, they provide high value to final products.

1. Green University of Bangladesh
Welcome to Our Presentation
Course Name: Man-made Fibre
Course Code: TEX 201
Submitted To:
Md. Nabayal Shahed
Lecturer
Department of Textile
Green University Of Bangladesh
01

2. Our team
Rubaiya Islam Priya
ID: 211903009
Section: Day
Batch: 211
Department of Textile
Mehedi Hasan Babu
ID: 211903003
Section: Day
Batch: 211
Department of Textile
MD. Kibria
ID: 211903001
Section: Day
Batch: 211
Department of Textile
Murshidul Alom Shorif
ID: 211903006
Section: Day
Batch: 211
Department of Textile

3. Kevler is a Versatile and
strong fiber is more than just
a series of threads.
Nomex is the trade name of
meta aramid fiber
Twaron is Teijin Aramid’s
flagship para-aramid, a high-
performance man-made fiber.
Dyneema Fiber is Ultra High
Molecular weight
Polyethylene fiber
When compared with the conventional
fibers, most of the high performance
fibers are expensive but contribute high
added value to the final products.
High-performance fibers are
those that are engineered for
specific uses
INTRODUCTION KEVLAR NOMEX
Twaron Dyneema Fiber Conclusion
01 02 03
04 05 06
Table of contents

4. High
performance
fibers
● High-performance fibers are derived from their
unique molecule and phase structures.

5. 01 INTRODUCTION
High-performance fibers are driven by special technical functions
that require specific physical properties unique to these fibers.

6. High Performance Fibers
● High-performance fibers are those that
are engineered for specific uses that
require exceptional strength, stiffness,
heat resistance, or chemical resistance.
● They usually have very high levels of at
least one of the following properties: high
tensile / high modulus fibers, operating
temperature, limiting oxygen index (fire
retardancy) , exceptional strength, heat
resistance and chemical resistance.For
example nomex,kevlar twaron.

7. High performance fibers classification
❏ High performance fiber can be classified according to their
chemical structure as follow:
❏ Aromatic Fibers, this group of fiber are included:
● Aromatic Polyamides or Aramids: Nomex®, Kevlar®
● Aromatic Polyesters: Vectran an aromatic polyester fiber
● Aromatic Polyimides: Polyimide 2080
● Aromatic Heterocyclic Polymers: Polybenzimidazole®
(PBI),Poly Benzobisoxazole (PBO)
➢ Polyolefin Fibers: Gel spun polyethylene ‘Ultra High Molecular Weight
Polyethylene’ which has two brands, Spectra, Dyneema.
❏ Carbon Fibers: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) carbon fiber or
pitch-based carbon fiber from BASF, Amoco, Ashland
and other companies Inorganic Fibers: this group are
including different kind of fibers such as basalt fibers,
boron fibers, silicon carbide fiber, glass fibers

8. KEVLAR
● Kevler is a Versatile and strong fiber is more than just a
series of threads. Due to the fully extended and perfectly
aligned molecular chains within Kevlar fiber, Kevlar
provides a strong protective barrier against slashes, cuts
and punctures.kevlar are used in a variety of clothing,
accessories, and equipment to help make them safer and
more durable.

9. —Key Features of Kevlar
● Lightweight , durable , and strong
● High strength to weight ratio
● Low elongation to break
● Good heat & flame resistance
● Good chemical resistance
● High cut resistance
● Excellent ballistic properties

10. ● Kevlar produced by wet spinning process
❏ Kevlar spinning process:

11. ● Ballistics and defense — Anti-mine boots, cut-resistant gloves.
● Belts and hoses — Automotive heating/cooling systems, industrial
● Composites — Aircraft structural body parts and cabin panels,
boats, and sporting goods;
● Fiber optic and electromechanical cables — Communications and
data transfer cables; ignition wires.
● Friction products and gaskets —Asbestos replacement,
automotive and industrial gaskets for high-pressure/high-
temperature environments; brake pads; and clutch linings;
● Protective apparel — Boots; chain-saw chaps; cut-resistant
industrial gloves; helmets (both for firefighters and
● Tires — Aircraft, automobiles, off-road, race vehicles and trucks.
● Ropes and cables — Antenna guy wires, fishing line, industrial
and marine utility ropes.
Use of Kevlar

12. Advantages and Disadvantages of Kevlar:
❏ Advantages are:
❏ Disadvantages are:
● It has the lowest specific gravity
● It has the highest tensile strength-weight ratio.
● Only fiber for structural application
● Low compressive strength.
● Difficult to machine (Low machinability

13. ❖ The first all-aromatic polyamide, which was commercially released by Du Pont in
1961, was Nomex™. Nomex is the trade name of meta aramid fiber. Aromatic
polyamide resins which have been developed by Du Pont include the zigzag-
linked meta-type called Nomex.Nomex MHP is a proprietary blend of 34%
aramid, 33% lyocell, 31% modacrylic and 2% antistatic fibers
❖ Nomex® is a product of industrially-manufactured aromatic polyamide (aramid)
fibers known to have beneficial flame-resistant (FR) properties. The material has
highly effective filtration and insulation applications suitable for thermal protective
apparel. A meta-aramid fiber is usually manufactured by spinning in a chemical
solution, known as wet spinning like kevlar fiber.
❏ NOMEX

14. ● Excellent heat & flame resistance
● High chemical resistance
● Low thermal shrinkage
● Self-extinguishing flame retardant properties
● Soft-hand yields good textile properties
Key Features of Nomex Meta-Aramid:
Advantages and Disadvantages of Kevlar:
❖ Advantages:
● Exceptional strength
● Exceptional heat and flame resistance
● Resistant to stretch and abrasion
❖ Disadvantages:
● Not absorbent

15. Thermal protective apparel applications
● Because of its unique combination of textile and thermal properties, Nomex® is used
in a broad range of thermal protective apparel applications wherever the risk of a fire
or electric arc exposure is present. These applications include industrial workwear for
petroleum, petrochemical and chemical operators, mechanics and electricians, as well
as electrical utility employees. Nomex® is also used by race car drivers and their
crews; the military; and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
astronauts, space shuttle crew and rocket fuel handlers.
Use NOMEX

16. ❏ Industrial applications
❏ Emergency response applications
● Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations,
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards and
corporate safety guidelines drive adoption of flame-resistant clothing for
worker protection where a flash fire or electric arc hazard is identified.
● Blends of Nomex and Kevlar are used in firefighter protective apparel all over
the world. These inherently flame-resistant materials provide thermal protection
in turnout gear, station uniforms, wildland apparel, hoods, gloves and boots.
Nomex and Kevlar also are used in sewing thread for these items.
❏ Filtration applications
● Filter bags made of Nomex®are the leading choice in many different
filtration applications due to their high operating temperatures, good
chemical resistance and good abrasion resistance, which result in long bag
life.

17. ❏Twaron:
● Twaron is Teijin Aramid flagship para-aramid, a high-
performance man-made fiber.Offering well-balanced
performance in terms of mechanical properties, chemical
resistance and thermal stability, it is widely recognized in
many industries as an extremely valuable component with
excellent durability.

18. —Key Features of twaron:
● High strength: excellent strength-to-weight ratio
● High modulus
● High dimensional stability: very low creep, small negative
thermal expansion coefficient
● Excellent thermal stability: usable across a wide temperature
range, no melting point, high heat stability, low heat
conductivity
● High cut resistance
● Good chemical resistance
● Low flammability
● Electrically non-conductive
● Long, well-defined lifetime

19. Use of twaron:
Twaron is suitable for a virtually unlimited range of
challenging applications, including ballistic protection,
heat and cut protection, the oil and gas industry, the
automotive industry and optical fiber cables to name
just a few of its many uses.

20. Dyneema Fiber
● Dyneema Fiber is Ultra High Molecular weight
Polyethylene fiber.Formerly known as Cuben
Fiber., it is the strongest fabric in the world and
is made up of superlight fibers allow it to be 15
times tougher than steel yet both lightweight
and floatable on water. On top of that, the
material has a great UV resistance, completely
waterproof, very durable, and a distinctive look.

21. —Key Features of Dyneema
Fiber
● High strength/low weight
● Excellent chemical resistance
● UV resistance
● Moisture resistance
● High durability
● Low specific gravity (0.97)

22. Use of Dyneema Fiber
❏ Personal protection:
❏ Sport & Lifestyle:
● Armor solutions made with DYNEEMA® guarantee the highest levels of
protection along with user comfort and freedom of movement.
● Clothing and equipment for outdoor and sports activities that protects
people.
❏ Gloves and workwear:
● For people involved in activities such as assembly, manufacturing,
transportation, logistics and food industry.
❏ Sailing lines and mooring lines:
● The last example we include in this section is related to one of Gottifredi Maffioli
core activities. The strength-to-weight ratio offered by Dyneema® is unique and
super performant. Gottifredi Maffioli ropes made with Dyneema® are ultra-light and
float on water, they are resistant to water, chemicals, and UV.

23. ● When compared with the conventional fibers,
most of the high performance fibers are
expensive but contribute high added value to the
final products. In spite of the high production
costs, the high-performance fibers are still mainly
confined to Europe, America and Japan.
❏ Conclusion:

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