The document provides information about manganese ore processing in India. It discusses three main types of manganese ore deposits in India - siliceous, high phosphorus, and ferruginous - and the beneficiation processes used for each, which typically involve gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation. Specific examples of beneficiation plants and their processing steps are outlined. Producing high grade manganese ore concentrates through beneficiation can yield economic benefits by reducing waste and allowing for the utilization of lower grade ores.
CHAPTER 3 MINERALS ORES AND METHODES OF SEPARATION.pdfWeldebrhan Tesfaye
i. Introduction
ii. Minerals and ores
iii. Sources of metals
iv. Methods of beneficiation of ores and miners
a. Comminution
Size reduction by crushing and grinding
Minerals, ores and methods of beneficiation
Liberation
Laws of crushing and grinding
Sizing
b. Classification and concentration
c. Classification and concentration
d. Magnetic separation
e. Electro- static separation
f. Flotation
CHAPTER 3 MINERALS ORES AND METHODES OF SEPARATION.pdfWeldebrhan Tesfaye
i. Introduction
ii. Minerals and ores
iii. Sources of metals
iv. Methods of beneficiation of ores and miners
a. Comminution
Size reduction by crushing and grinding
Minerals, ores and methods of beneficiation
Liberation
Laws of crushing and grinding
Sizing
b. Classification and concentration
c. Classification and concentration
d. Magnetic separation
e. Electro- static separation
f. Flotation
Gold is a transitional metal. In its purest form have reddish yellow color, soft, malleable, and ductile metal.
Atomic number : 79
Atomic mass : 196.9 u
Density : 19.32 g/cm3
Melting point : 1,064 °C
Boiling point : 2,700 °C
Founded in different form associated with different rock type in different tectonic setting.
Discovered from earlier time and used for multi purposes.
Formation of gold
The saying among prospectors that "gold is where you find it" suggests its occurrence is unpredictable, but there is some certain geological environments for the formation.
Because gold is very stable over a range of conditions, it is very widespread in the earth’s crust.
Gold dissolved in warm to hot salty water, the fluids are generated in huge volumes deep in the Earth’s crust as water-bearing minerals dehydrate during metamorphism.
Any gold present in the rocks being heated and squeezed is sweated out and goes into solution as complex ions.
In this form, dissolved gold, along with other elements such as silicon, iron and sulphur, migrates wherever fractures in the rocks allow the fluids to pass.
The direction is generally upwards, to cooler regions at lower pressures nearer the Earth’s surface.
Gold eventually becomes insoluble and begins to crystallize, most often enveloped by quartz.
The association of gold and quartz vein forms one of the most common types of "primary gold deposits".
India
In India, gold mineralization of economic importance is mainly restricted to Archean greenstone terranes of the Dharwar Craton (DC).
The eastern block of the DC has a high favorability for hosting major gold deposits such as Kolar, Hutti, and Ramagiri, whereas the western block hosts only a few smaller deposits such as Gadag, Ajjahanahalli, and Kempinkote.
Gold also discoverrd by GSI in the Singbhum Craton, Aravalli Craton, Bastar Craton and Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT).
India is the second-largest consumer of gold after China.
India currently holds about 558 tones of gold, representing 6.6% of its reserves, (World Gold Council, October 2016).
Kolar Gold Field, Hutti Gold Field and Ramgiri Gold Field are the most important gold fields.
Gold Demand and Use
The largest source of demand is the jewelry industry Gold’s workability, unique beauty, and universal appeal make this rare precious metal the favorite of jewelers all over the world.
Besides jewelry, gold has many applications in a variety of industries including aerospace, medicine, dentistry, and electronics for the manufacture of computers, telephones, televisions...
The third source of gold demand is governments and central banks that buy gold to increase their official reserves.
Private investors there are private investors. Depending upon market circumstances, the investment component of demand can vary substantially from year to year.
Uranium as an Element , Radioactive Elements, Uranium Occurrences , Uranium Minerals, Uranium Ore Miner, Uranium Geology, Categories of Uranium Deposits, Unconformity-related Deposits , Breccia complex deposits, Sandstone deposits, Quartz-pebble conglomerate deposits, Limestone deposits, Surficial deposits, Volcanic deposits, Intrusive deposits, Metasomatite deposits, Vein deposits, Phosphorite and Lignite deposits, Uranium Resources, Production from mines, Known Recoverable Resources, Types of Uranium Deposits in Egypt, Main Occurrences, Gabal Gattar uranium, Uranium deposits of Um Ara area
Minerals and Mineral Processing, Extractive Metallurgy, Ore Dressing, Mineral...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Minerals and Mineral Processing, Extractive Metallurgy, Ore Dressing, Minerals Engineering (Mining, Non – Ferrous Metals, Iron Ore Slimes, Limes, Limestone, Asbestos, Coal Beneficiation, Coal and Ore Fines, Ordinary Superphosphate, Ammonium Salts, Fertilizers)
Mineral is defined as a naturally occurring solid chemical substance formed through biogeochemical processes, having characteristic chemical composition, highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not have a specific chemical composition.
See more
http://goo.gl/grSq9U
http://goo.gl/AIjkcu
http://goo.gl/H7QGBA
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Ammonium Salts, Business guidance for Mineral Production, Business guidance to clients, Business of Mining, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan small scale mining project, Business start-up, Chemistry and physics of Asbestos, Chemistry of nitrogen and its inorganic compounds, Coal and Ore Fines, Coal Beneficiation, Extractive Metallurgy, Fertilizers, Great Opportunity for Startup, Growing a mineral processing business, How to start a Mineral manufacturing business, How to Start a Mineral processing industry?, How to Start a Mineral Production Business, How to start a mining business, How to start a successful Mineral processing business, How to start mineral grinding industry in India, How to Start Mineral Processing Industry in India, Introduction to Mineral Processing, Limes manufacturing, Limestone exploration and extraction, Limestone Processing, Manufacture of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Manufacture of ordinary superphosphate, Metals and Minerals Production in India, Metals, Minerals & Mining Industry, Mineral Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Mineral industry, Mineral mining business plan, Mineral processing, Mineral Processing & mining Based Profitable Projects, Mineral processing book, Mineral processing Business, Mineral Processing Industry in India, Mineral processing metallurgy, Mineral processing plants, Mineral Processing Projects, Mineral processing Small Business, Mineral processing technology, Mineral Production, Mineral production for mining sector, Minerals and Mineral Processing, Minerals Engineering, Mining & mineral processing industry, Mining and Mineral Processing, Mining processing, Mining Sector Investment and Business, Mining, Mineral Processing & Metals Industry, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Mineral Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Mineral processing industry, Non – Ferrous Metals Production, Ordinary Superphosphate, Ore Dressing, Processing of Iron Ore Slimes, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Mineral processing, Setting up and opening your Mineral processing Business, Setting up of Mineral Processing Units, Small Business ideas in the Mining Industry
To review the geology of rare earth elements.
To discuss the various applications of rare earth elements in geological studies.
To review the geology of rare earth elements.
To discuss the various applications of rare earth elements in geological studies.
Abundance of REEs in Earth’s Crust ; Classification of Rare Earth Elements; Geology of REEs; APPLICATIONS OF REES; Application OF REEs in Geological Studies; APPLICATION OF REE TO PETROLEUM SYSTEMS; REE GLOBAL ECONOMIC SUPPLY AND DEMAND; Large and Giant Sized Deposits of the Rare Earth Elements
How can minerals deposits be formed; GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES; Ore Fluids; Ore Forming Processes; Concentrating Processes; Magmatic mineral deposits; Residual mineral deposits ; Placer deposits; Sedimentary mineral deposits; Metamorhogenic mineral deposits; Hydrothermal mineral deposits ; Magmatic Deposits
Cumulate deposits: fractional crystallization processes can concentrate metals (Cr, Fe, PGE, Pt, Ni, Ti, Diamond ))
Pegmatites : late staged crystallization forms pegmatites and many residual elements are concentrated (Li, Ce, Be, Sn, U, Rare Earths (REE), Feldspar, Mica, Gems).
magmatic deposits; Mode of Formation of Magmatic Ores Deposits; Mode of Formation of Orthomagmatic Ores ; Fractional Crystallization (or Crystal fractionation ); Magmatic (or Liquid ) Immiscibility; Simple crystallization without concentration (Dissemination); Segregation of early formed crystals; (Layer Types); Injection of material concentrated elsewhere by differentiation Residual liquid segregation; Residual liquid injection; Immiscible liquid segregation; Immiscible-liquid-injection; Early magmatic deposit; Late magmatic deposit; Types of Magmatic Ore Deposits:Chromite; Fe-Ti (± V) oxides; Ni – Cu – Fe (± Pt) sulfides; Platinum Group Elements (PGEs); REE, and Zr in Carbonatites; Diamond in kimberlites.
Beneficiation and Mineral Processing of Sand and Silica Sand; Sand and Silica Sand; Processing Sand; Sand into Silicon-Silicon carbide ; Heavy Mineral Sand; Separation of Heavy Minerals from Black Sand/Sand; Zircon to Zirconium; Ti-Bearing Minerals
Gold is a transitional metal. In its purest form have reddish yellow color, soft, malleable, and ductile metal.
Atomic number : 79
Atomic mass : 196.9 u
Density : 19.32 g/cm3
Melting point : 1,064 °C
Boiling point : 2,700 °C
Founded in different form associated with different rock type in different tectonic setting.
Discovered from earlier time and used for multi purposes.
Formation of gold
The saying among prospectors that "gold is where you find it" suggests its occurrence is unpredictable, but there is some certain geological environments for the formation.
Because gold is very stable over a range of conditions, it is very widespread in the earth’s crust.
Gold dissolved in warm to hot salty water, the fluids are generated in huge volumes deep in the Earth’s crust as water-bearing minerals dehydrate during metamorphism.
Any gold present in the rocks being heated and squeezed is sweated out and goes into solution as complex ions.
In this form, dissolved gold, along with other elements such as silicon, iron and sulphur, migrates wherever fractures in the rocks allow the fluids to pass.
The direction is generally upwards, to cooler regions at lower pressures nearer the Earth’s surface.
Gold eventually becomes insoluble and begins to crystallize, most often enveloped by quartz.
The association of gold and quartz vein forms one of the most common types of "primary gold deposits".
India
In India, gold mineralization of economic importance is mainly restricted to Archean greenstone terranes of the Dharwar Craton (DC).
The eastern block of the DC has a high favorability for hosting major gold deposits such as Kolar, Hutti, and Ramagiri, whereas the western block hosts only a few smaller deposits such as Gadag, Ajjahanahalli, and Kempinkote.
Gold also discoverrd by GSI in the Singbhum Craton, Aravalli Craton, Bastar Craton and Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT).
India is the second-largest consumer of gold after China.
India currently holds about 558 tones of gold, representing 6.6% of its reserves, (World Gold Council, October 2016).
Kolar Gold Field, Hutti Gold Field and Ramgiri Gold Field are the most important gold fields.
Gold Demand and Use
The largest source of demand is the jewelry industry Gold’s workability, unique beauty, and universal appeal make this rare precious metal the favorite of jewelers all over the world.
Besides jewelry, gold has many applications in a variety of industries including aerospace, medicine, dentistry, and electronics for the manufacture of computers, telephones, televisions...
The third source of gold demand is governments and central banks that buy gold to increase their official reserves.
Private investors there are private investors. Depending upon market circumstances, the investment component of demand can vary substantially from year to year.
Uranium as an Element , Radioactive Elements, Uranium Occurrences , Uranium Minerals, Uranium Ore Miner, Uranium Geology, Categories of Uranium Deposits, Unconformity-related Deposits , Breccia complex deposits, Sandstone deposits, Quartz-pebble conglomerate deposits, Limestone deposits, Surficial deposits, Volcanic deposits, Intrusive deposits, Metasomatite deposits, Vein deposits, Phosphorite and Lignite deposits, Uranium Resources, Production from mines, Known Recoverable Resources, Types of Uranium Deposits in Egypt, Main Occurrences, Gabal Gattar uranium, Uranium deposits of Um Ara area
Minerals and Mineral Processing, Extractive Metallurgy, Ore Dressing, Mineral...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Minerals and Mineral Processing, Extractive Metallurgy, Ore Dressing, Minerals Engineering (Mining, Non – Ferrous Metals, Iron Ore Slimes, Limes, Limestone, Asbestos, Coal Beneficiation, Coal and Ore Fines, Ordinary Superphosphate, Ammonium Salts, Fertilizers)
Mineral is defined as a naturally occurring solid chemical substance formed through biogeochemical processes, having characteristic chemical composition, highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not have a specific chemical composition.
See more
http://goo.gl/grSq9U
http://goo.gl/AIjkcu
http://goo.gl/H7QGBA
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Ammonium Salts, Business guidance for Mineral Production, Business guidance to clients, Business of Mining, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan small scale mining project, Business start-up, Chemistry and physics of Asbestos, Chemistry of nitrogen and its inorganic compounds, Coal and Ore Fines, Coal Beneficiation, Extractive Metallurgy, Fertilizers, Great Opportunity for Startup, Growing a mineral processing business, How to start a Mineral manufacturing business, How to Start a Mineral processing industry?, How to Start a Mineral Production Business, How to start a mining business, How to start a successful Mineral processing business, How to start mineral grinding industry in India, How to Start Mineral Processing Industry in India, Introduction to Mineral Processing, Limes manufacturing, Limestone exploration and extraction, Limestone Processing, Manufacture of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Manufacture of ordinary superphosphate, Metals and Minerals Production in India, Metals, Minerals & Mining Industry, Mineral Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Mineral industry, Mineral mining business plan, Mineral processing, Mineral Processing & mining Based Profitable Projects, Mineral processing book, Mineral processing Business, Mineral Processing Industry in India, Mineral processing metallurgy, Mineral processing plants, Mineral Processing Projects, Mineral processing Small Business, Mineral processing technology, Mineral Production, Mineral production for mining sector, Minerals and Mineral Processing, Minerals Engineering, Mining & mineral processing industry, Mining and Mineral Processing, Mining processing, Mining Sector Investment and Business, Mining, Mineral Processing & Metals Industry, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Mineral Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Mineral processing industry, Non – Ferrous Metals Production, Ordinary Superphosphate, Ore Dressing, Processing of Iron Ore Slimes, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Mineral processing, Setting up and opening your Mineral processing Business, Setting up of Mineral Processing Units, Small Business ideas in the Mining Industry
To review the geology of rare earth elements.
To discuss the various applications of rare earth elements in geological studies.
To review the geology of rare earth elements.
To discuss the various applications of rare earth elements in geological studies.
Abundance of REEs in Earth’s Crust ; Classification of Rare Earth Elements; Geology of REEs; APPLICATIONS OF REES; Application OF REEs in Geological Studies; APPLICATION OF REE TO PETROLEUM SYSTEMS; REE GLOBAL ECONOMIC SUPPLY AND DEMAND; Large and Giant Sized Deposits of the Rare Earth Elements
How can minerals deposits be formed; GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES; Ore Fluids; Ore Forming Processes; Concentrating Processes; Magmatic mineral deposits; Residual mineral deposits ; Placer deposits; Sedimentary mineral deposits; Metamorhogenic mineral deposits; Hydrothermal mineral deposits ; Magmatic Deposits
Cumulate deposits: fractional crystallization processes can concentrate metals (Cr, Fe, PGE, Pt, Ni, Ti, Diamond ))
Pegmatites : late staged crystallization forms pegmatites and many residual elements are concentrated (Li, Ce, Be, Sn, U, Rare Earths (REE), Feldspar, Mica, Gems).
magmatic deposits; Mode of Formation of Magmatic Ores Deposits; Mode of Formation of Orthomagmatic Ores ; Fractional Crystallization (or Crystal fractionation ); Magmatic (or Liquid ) Immiscibility; Simple crystallization without concentration (Dissemination); Segregation of early formed crystals; (Layer Types); Injection of material concentrated elsewhere by differentiation Residual liquid segregation; Residual liquid injection; Immiscible liquid segregation; Immiscible-liquid-injection; Early magmatic deposit; Late magmatic deposit; Types of Magmatic Ore Deposits:Chromite; Fe-Ti (± V) oxides; Ni – Cu – Fe (± Pt) sulfides; Platinum Group Elements (PGEs); REE, and Zr in Carbonatites; Diamond in kimberlites.
Beneficiation and Mineral Processing of Sand and Silica Sand; Sand and Silica Sand; Processing Sand; Sand into Silicon-Silicon carbide ; Heavy Mineral Sand; Separation of Heavy Minerals from Black Sand/Sand; Zircon to Zirconium; Ti-Bearing Minerals
Fluorspar 101, September 2012, Simon Moores, Industrial Minerals Data Simon Moores
An introduction to the fluorspar industry, a niche, but global mineral used to produce hydrofluoric acid (fluorochemicals / fluorocarbons), and aluminium flouride.
A look at the two main products, acidspar and metspar, and their end uses.
Presented by Simon Moores, Manager of Industrial Minerals Data at the Fluorspar Express 2013 meeting in Vancouver, Canada.
Among the Subjects of Earth Sciences, Economic Geology deals with all the Mineral resources, mineral fuels, their distribution and their role for the economic development of a nation.
India has a good amount of all natural resources. Among the resources, minerals are the major contributors of the national economy. India is a country, much dependent on the available natural resources for its economy. This lesson is on the “ Mineral Resources in India”.
This Presentation is about Manganese, which is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It contains pictures, uses of manganese, distribution, eco-significance, Imports & Exports information with respect to India.
IN THIS PPT U WILL LEARN ABOUT THE FOLLOWING SUB-TOPICS OF MANGANESE:-
-Uses
-Distribution
-Eco Significance
-Reserves in India
-Agencies exploring it
-Problems related to its exploitation
-Marketing and Production strategy
-Export and Import
Cbse NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS 10 CHAPTER classifications of minerals conventional and non conventional energy resources
i hope dis helps you guys to make ur ppt's
basically I am just giving you all ideas, you can be as creative as you want when you make them.
if any comments or suggestions please let me know
thank you
A Simple PPT that helps teachers share the lesson on Minerals and Energy Resources of NCERT a little better and more easily and effectively. Feedbacks are welcome
Extraction and Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys (Uranium, Lithium...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Metals & Alloys is a primary source of the lanthanide rare earth metals (including yttrium and scandium) and of rare earth metal alloys. The oxides produced from processing rare earths are collectively referred to as rare earth oxides. Although rare earths are relatively common in the earth’s crust, they often do not occur in high enough concentrations, or occur along with high levels of radioactive elements to make their extraction economic.
See more
http://goo.gl/eWiKDC
http://goo.gl/NinsU1
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Beryllium, Best small and cottage scale industries, Boron, Business guidance for Rare earth metals and alloys processing, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Cadmium, Chromium, Extraction and Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Extraction of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, How to Start a Rare earth metals and alloys Business, How to Start a Rare earth metals and alloys extraction?, How to start a successful Rare earth metals and alloys extraction, How to start rare earth alloys Processing Industry in India, How to start rare earth metals Processing Industry in India, Industrial Uses of Rare Earths metals and alloys, Lithium, Magnesium Alloys with Rare-Earth Metal, Magnetic Properties of Rare‐Earth Metals and Alloys, Manganese, Molybdenum, Most Profitable Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Rare earth metals and alloys processing industry, Platinum Metals, Preparation of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Rare earth metals and alloys extraction, Project for startups, Properties of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Rare Earth Alloys, Rare Earth Elements - Metals, Minerals, Mining, Uses, Rare earth elements (REE): industrial technology, Rare Earth Elements Applications, Rare earth elements properties, Rare earth elements separation process, Rare Earth elements, Rare earth extraction process, Rare Earth Industry, Rare earth metals and alloy extraction process, Rare earth metals and alloys Based Profitable Projects, Rare earth metals and alloys Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Rare earth metals and alloys extraction Business, Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Industry in India, Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Projects, Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Rare earth metals India, Rare Earth Metals Production and Alloys with Properties, Rare earth metals uses, Rare Earth Metals, Rare Earth Resources, Rare minerals list, Selenium, Setting up and opening your Rare earth metals and alloys Business, Silicon, Small Scale Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Projects, Small scale Rare earth metals and alloys production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Starting a Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Rare earth metals and alloys processing
Chemical, mineralogical and metallurgical characterization of goethite rich i...IJARIIT
In this paper the influence of structural water present in goethite rich ore fines on sinter properties like mean size, RI,
RDI, TI, AI and microstructure were studied. For this three plant sinters with different basicities (A1, A2 and A3) were
experimentally produced varying the raw mix. From the study on variable basicity, it is found that increased basicity has good
effects on the sinter properties. The desired norms of metallurgical properties for good quality sinter required for large size blast
furnace met with increased tumbler index and decreased abrasion index. The RI is also better in highly fluxed sinter A3 and the
RDI is low. All these are happening due to availability of more free lime and porosity. The mean-size of sinter also increases
with increase of basicity. The reducibility index and RDI of sinter A2 and A3 appear to be similar although there is a variation
in chemistry and basicity, this may be attributed to use of more micro-fines in raw material of sinter A3. The specific consumption
of coke rate is highest for sinter A3 is also due to more micro-fines in raw materials. From the microstructure it is found that in
sinter A1 more magnetite and less ferrites are developed in comparison to A2 and A3. The silicoferrites of calcium and
aluminium (SFCA) developed in sinter A2 and A3 are acicular in structure which provides better strength to the sinter. Also the
porosity is more in case of A2 and A3 which can accelerate the reducibility process.
Minerals & Energy Resources
What Is Minerals?Its type ? Rocks? sedimentary rocks, igenious rock, etc., energy Consevation , energy -conventional And Non Conventional , Coal , Minerals, petroleum , Electricity, Nuclear Energy , Atomic Energy, Geothermal Energy , Types oF coals, Location Of The minerals . Why Need to conserve Minerals ?Save Earth
2. Contents :-
Vision 2020
Introduction
5 facts about Manganese
Where , How and What
Formation of Manganese ore
Manganese bearing Minerals
Types and grade of Manganese ore
End use , size range and applications
World deposits
Indian deposits and Characteristics
Mining
Processing of Manganese ore
Cost analysis
3. Vision 2020
1.According to National Steel Policy 2008 , Steel production target
180 MT
2.60% is expected through BF route i.e. 110 MT
3.10kg of B.F. grade Manganese ore(28-30%Mn) is required for
per tonne of iron ore, For 110MT , 1.1MT Manganese is required
4.Where as, around 15kg of
Manganese based alloy (grade 65-
72%) is required for , per tonne of
steel production, For 180MTPA by
2020, the requirement of manganese
alloys would be around 2.7MTPA
5.From 2.7 MTPA , ferromanganese is
1.1 MTPA and Silicomanganese is
1.6MTPA . To produce that amount of
high grade i.e. + 44% , we need an
average grade of 25-30% Mn of ROM
4.2 MTPA and 3.7 MTPA respectively.
6.So for domestic steel production of 180 MTPA by 2020, we
need total of 9 MTPA ROM (for ferromanganese 4.2 MTPA,
for silicomanganese 3.7 MTPA and B.F. iron ore 1.1 MTPA )
of manganese ore by 2020.
3
4. Introduction:-
Manganese ore in the form of ferro and silicomanganese alloys
are the most essential ingredients in the production of steel, both
crude and stainless.
Presently, India is the second largest importer of manganese ore
in the world after China.
MOIL Ltd, a public sector company is the major producer of
manganese ore, contributing about 46% of the total production
of the country in the year 2010-11.
The average grade of the domestically produced manganese ore
has fell to 33.43% Mn from 38.70% Mn, leading to increased
imports of high grade manganese ore.
The best ores (or blends) for manganese alloy production should
have manganese to iron ratio of 7.5 to 1, be easily reducible,
minimize energy consumption, be low in contaminants, have
good physical structure and produce manageable amounts of
slag.
4
5. 5 facts about Manganese
The effectiveness of Manganese in increasing
mechanical properties depends on & is proportional to
the carbon content of the steel.
Manganese helps to increase the steel’s hardenability.
It is also an active deoxidizer.
It improves machinability by combing with sulfur.
Manganese improves yield at the steel mill by combing
with the sulfur in the steel, minimizing the formation of
iron pyrite (iron sulfide) which can cause the steel to
crack & tear during high temperature rolling.
5
6. Where can you find manganese in nature?
Manganese is not found as the free metal in nature, however manganese
minerals consisting of oxides, silicates, and carbonates are the common.
Most Manganese is obtained from ores in Australia, Brazil, Gabon, India,
Russia, and South Africa. Manganese nodules on ocean floors holds
contain about 24% manganese.
How was manganese Discovered?
Proposed to be an element by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774, manganese
was discovered by Johan Gottlieb Gahn, a Swedish chemist, by heating the
mineral pyrolusite (MnO2) in the presence of charcoal later that year.
What kind of metal is manganese?
Manganese is a pinkinsh-gray, chemically active element. It is a hard metal
and is very brittle. It is hard to melt, but easily oxidized. Manganese is
reactive when pure, and as a powder it will burn in oxygen, it reacts with
water (it rusts like iron) and dissolves in dilute acids.
6
7. Formation of manganese ore
1.Hydrothermal
2.Sedimentary
3.Surficial
Sedimentary deposits are
formed by the deposition of
material at the Earth's surface
and within bodies of water.
Sedimentation is the collective
name for processes that cause
mineral and/or organic particles
to settle and accumulate or
minerals to precipitate from a
solution.
7
9. Pyrulosite
(Peroxide of Mn or Black Mn)
Psilomelane
(Hydrous oxide of Mn)
Cryptomelane
(Psilomelane containing some potash or soda)
Braunite
(Anhydrous sesquioxide of Mn)
Indian Manganese Ore deposit
Psilomelane + Braunite = 90% of Total
Reserve of manganese in country
Common Mineral
Forms of Manganese ore
in India
9
16. 1. Grootw Eylandt mines, Australia
2.Mamatwan-Wessels mines, south Africa
4. Azul mines, Brazil
3. Moanda mines, gabon
5. Molango mines, Mexico
6. Nonoalco mines, Mexico
7. Urucum mines, Brazil
8. Nchwaning mines, South Africa
9. Gloria mines, South Africa
10. Woodie-woodie mines, australia
Top Ten producer of
Manganese in the world
Top ten Manganese mines in the world
16
17. 1
2
5
3
4
6
7
89
10
11
BIHAR—ORISSA
1. BONAI—KEONJHAR & SINGHBHUM
2. KALAHANDI—KORAPUT
MADHYA PRADESH—MAHARASHTRA
3. NAGPUR--BHANDARA—BALAGHAT
4. JHABUA
ANOHRA PRADESH
SRIKAKULAM
KARNATAKA
6. SANDUR—BELLARY
7. SHIMOGA
8. NORTH KANARA
GOA
9. GOA
GUJARAT
10. PANCH MAHAL
RAJASTHAN
11. BANSWARA
Distribution of Manganese ore deposits in India
MANGANESE ORE DEPOSITES----
The total resources of Manganese ore in the country as per UNFC
system as on 01.04.2010(NMI) are placed at 430MT. Out of these
142MT are categorized as reserves and balance belongs to resources
category. The overall grade of the Manganese ore reserve in the
country in the range of 30 – 35% Mn.(NMI 1.4.2010)
17
18. Ferro Alloys, 28.95%
Silicomanganese,
64.42%
Iron & Steel, 6.17%
Battery, 0.35% Lead and Zinc
Metallurgy, 0.04%
Chemicals, 0.04%
Others, 0.03%
Industrial Consumption of Manganese ore in India
Ferro Alloys
Silicomanganese
Iron & Steel
Battery
Lead and Zinc Metallurgy
Chemicals
Others
18
19. odisha, 44.20%
Karnataka, 22.37%
Madhya Pradesh, 12.96%
Maharastra, 7.94%
Andhra Pradesh, 4.09%
Jharkhand, 3.19%
Goa, 3.16%
Rajasthan, 1.35%
Gujurat, 0.69%
West Bengal, 0.05%
States wise resources of Manganese ore in India
19(As on 1:04:2010)
22. Manganese Ore characteristics of
Indian deposits
Siliceous with medium to
High phosphorous
content
Ferruginous with low
phosphorus and High
alumina content
Occurrences
Maharastra, Andhra
Pradesh, Madhya
pradesh
Occurrences
Odisha, Goa,
Karnataka
22
24. Processing of manganese ore
1. Manganese ore processing practice in India
2. Need for processing
3. Process rout of beneficiation of manganese ore
4. Beneficiation of different type of Indian manganese ore
5. Cost–benefit analysis of beneficiation concentrate
25. 1. Most of the manganese ore mines have been operated by
selective mining for maintaining medium to high grade
ore at mining cut off 20% Mn .
2. At this cut-off , blast furnace grade and mixed grade ore
(+25% Mn) is readily exploited leaving low grade ores
(<25% Mn) untouched.
3. The present industrial practice causes huge loss of
manganese values in process/mine rejects and their
stacking has adverse effect on environment causing
ecological imbalance.
4. No low grade ores are exploited (below mine cut-off and
threshold grade i.e.
-20+10 % Mn.
25
26. In India , due to some impurities associated with manganese ore above their desired
limits which is unsuitable for the further application of manganese ore.
Impurities associated with manganese ore
26
28. Ferruginous
ore
Hematite, Goethite,
Limonite
A process of magnetising
reduction roasting to convert
the ferruginous minerals to
magnetite followed by low
intensity magnetic separation
as its liberation size.
Complex
ore
Quartz, apatite,
Garnet, Clay, Feldspar,
Hematite, Hydrated
Iron oxide minerals.
Required three or even more
Steps for the elimination of
the gangue & production of
high grade concentrates.
Combination of Gravity-
Magnetic, ESS & Flotation
Ore
type
gangue
Process
Of
upgradation
28
29. Equipment Size range
Heavy media Separation (HMS) -50+3mm
Heavy Media Cyclone (HMC) -6+0.2mm
Jigging -30+0.5mm
Spiral -1+0.03mm
Tables -1+0.03mm
Flotex density separator -1mm
Cyclone -3mm
Low Intensity Magnetic Separator 1200 gauss
High Intensity Magnetic Separator 7000 to 12000 gauss
Size classification of beneficiation equipment for Manganese ore
29
30. 1. Beneficiation of Siliceous manganese ore
ROM Feed
(-75mm)
-75+25mm
Hand
Sorting
Conc.Reject
-25+6mm
Reject
(-25+6mm)
Conc.
(-25+6mm)
-6mm
O/F
-0.2mm
U/F
-6+0.2mm
Conc.
-6mm
Reject
-6mm
30
31. Sample:- Bharveli mines, balaghat.
Psilomelane & Pyrolusite are the main Manganese bearing minerals;
Quartz, mica & feldspar are the main gangue minerals.
FEED:-
41.9% Mn
19.0% SiO₂
3.3% Fe
1.6% Al₂O₃
3.7% BaSO₄ Reject:-
27.9% Mn
50.28% SiO₂
Weight yeild of 38.4%
Conc.:-
50.8%Mn
9.2% SiO₂
Weight yield of 61.6%
Processing of
manganese
31
32. 2. Beneficiation of high phosphorus ore
Apatite
Float
Manganese
Non float
Conditioning
Lower PH
to 6.5Manganese Mineral
Float (Conc.)
Silica
Non Float(tailing)
Option 1
Water
spray
Manganese
Mag (Conc.)
Apatite & silica
Non-mag(Tailing)
Option 2
O/F
U/F
FEED
Water
addition
ROM
70% -200mesh
32
33. Sample :- Chikla mines;
Braunite was the main manganese bearing mineral followed by Jacobsite & Hausmanite
are in minor amout.
Quartz was the main gaunge mineral followed by hematite in minor amount.
Apatite was observed to be the only phosphorous bearing mineral intimately associated
with manganese minerals.
Option:-1
FEED:-
38.2% Mn
0.31% P
22.84% SiO₂
8.32% Fe
Reject:-
27.3% Mn
0.58% P
Weight yield of 39.9%
Conc.-(phosphorus
Float)
31.8% Mn
1.65% P
Weight yield of 8.8%
Processing of
Manganese ore
1st Stage
Conc.- (cleaner stage)
45.5% Mn
0.1% P
Weight yield of 60.1%
Cleaner
Stage
33
34. Option :-2
Sample:- South Tirodi mines;
Braunite was the principle manganese bearing mineral followed by Jacobsite in minor
amount.
Quartz was the main gaunge mineral.
Apatite was observed to be the only phosphorous bearing mineral intimately associated.
FEED:-
43.5% Mn
9.4% Fe
0.31% P Reject(Non-mag):-
32.25% Mn
1.05% P
7.47% Fe
Weight yield of 20.6%
Conc.(Mag):-
46.27% Mn
0.41% P
9.35% Fe
Weight yield of 79.4%
Processing of
Manganese ore
34
36. Sample:- Sandur area , Karnataka;
Psilomelane & Pyrolusite were the manganese bearing minerals.
Hematite & Goethite were the iron minerals present in the sample.
FEED:-
34.1% Mn
17.7% Fe
6.9% Al₂O₃
8.5% SiO₂
0.5% BaSO₄ Reject(Mag) :-
24.4% Mn
24.2% Fe
7.8% SiO₂
Weight yield of 60%
Conc.(Non-mag):-
49.5% Mn
9.1% Fe
9.2% SiO₂
Weight yield of 40%
Processing of
Manganese ore
36
37. Cost benefit Analysis of Beneficiated concentrate
1. Siliceous and high Phosphorous
37
39. Price of Manganese ore
6 Month Manganese Prices and Price Charts
5 Year Manganese Prices and Price Charts
1 Year Manganese Prices and Price Charts
Historical Manganese Prices and Price Chart
39
http://www.infomine.com/investment/metal-prices/manganese/
40. India
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 22127
Up to 25% Mn 1724
25 - 35% Mn 4571
35 - 46% Mn 10175
Above 46% Mn 12953
Andhra Pradesh
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 NA
Up to 25% Mn 1120
25 - 35% Mn 2280
35 - 46% Mn 2648
Above 46% Mn NA
Jharkhand
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 15000
Up to 25% Mn NA
25 - 35% Mn 4500
35 - 46% Mn NA
Above 46% Mn NA
Karnataka
Manganese Ore Rs./t
Up to 25% Mn 1872
25 - 35% Mn 4365
35 - 46% Mn 3600
Above 46% Mn NA
Madhya Pradesh
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 NA
Up to 25% Mn 1866
25 - 35% Mn 4214
35 - 46% Mn 9374
Above 46% Mn 13044
Maharastra
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 52318
Up to 25% Mn 2468
25 - 35% Mn 5153
35 - 46% Mn 10382
Above 46% Mn 12722
Odisha
Manganese Ore Rs./t
MnO2 22348
Up to 25% Mn 5305
25 - 35% Mn 8263
35 - 46% Mn 14524
Above 46% Mn 16724
Average Sale Price for August 2014
(Source - MINERALS & METALS REVIEW, September 2014)
40