Presentation on maneuvering and collision avoidance with special focus on large tonnage vessels.
Maneuverability limits and last moment maneuver are thoroughly shown in this material.
A presentation on 'The International Convention for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972' (COLREG 72) to the LLM Maritime Law students at University of Southampton.
A presentation on 'The International Convention for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972' (COLREG 72) to the LLM Maritime Law students at University of Southampton.
Oil and Liquefied Gas Tanker Operations is a comprehensive separately bookable course designed to provide participants with a technical perspective of shipping operations. The 4 day course will cover technical designs and features of tankers, operational execution based on charterparty terms, port, cargo and ballasting operations, tank cleaning, safety assessment and procedures, all broken down and discussed in detail. In addition, tanker owners, managers, operators and charterers will learn how to best minimize any operational claims and disputes due to accidents either out at sea or berthing at ports.
Oil and Liquefied Gas Tanker Operations is a comprehensive separately bookable course designed to provide participants with a technical perspective of shipping operations. The 4 day course will cover technical designs and features of tankers, operational execution based on charterparty terms, port, cargo and ballasting operations, tank cleaning, safety assessment and procedures, all broken down and discussed in detail. In addition, tanker owners, managers, operators and charterers will learn how to best minimize any operational claims and disputes due to accidents either out at sea or berthing at ports.
Decision making specifics and usual deck officers’ mistakes during collision ...Learnmarine
COLREGs compliance and collision avoidance with a single vessel on our starboard side seem to be a very simple task. But the situation changes dramatically when the number of scene participants increases. Bridge watchkeeping is a very situational task: the same places may be nice and quiet one day and absolutely disastrous another day. When it comes to the dense traffic and decision making, do we really understand what are we doing on the bridge and use our RADAR/ARPA equipment or we just follow some sort of our inner voice and try to match the desired CPA? And if we do, we might be really close to a trouble we unaware of. Because to know what we are doing we have to understand the principles of relative motion and radar plotting.
ECDIS: New standards & old underwater rocksLearnmarine
Webinar on: IHO S-52 Presentation Library 4.0, ECDIS as an anti-grounding device, Safety Contour and Safety Depth setup, information layers, utilities.
This work was carried out at Odessa Maritime Training Centre. Presentation for the research conference "Modern technologies of design, construction, operation and repair of ships, marine engineering facilities and engineering structures” held in National Shipbuilding University (Nikolayev, Ukraine).
Presentation contains links to official documents such as SOLAS and IMO MSC circulars and describes inspection procedure for Fire Extinguishers on board marine vessel.
Presentation contains links to official documents such as SOLAS and IMO MSC circulars and describes inspection procedure for Fire Hoses and Hydrants on board marine vessel.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2. Incident statistics of European waters
• A very serious marine casualty means a marine casualty involving the total loss of the ship or a death
or severe damage to the environment.
6. Rule 2 (a) requires you to follow both the rules and ‘the ordinary practice of
seamen’. This means that you must always
USE COMMON SENSE
7. Rule 2 (b) is often misunderstood so read it carefully. It only allows you to
depart from the rules if that is
THE ONLY WAY TO AVOID AN IMMEDIATE DANGER
But, in almost every situation, it is the proper application of the rules that will
keep you out of that danger. Rule 2(b) is never a justification for not following
the rules properly.
8. In maritime cases, Each case is to be taken in the round and
the faults of each ship weighed in balance before an
apportionment is made.
Responsibility & Court Cases
10. Finland is throwing its weight behind the development
of autonomous ships, with the country aiming to
provide the world's first unmanned maritime products,
services and ecosystem by 2025
11. MSC Alexandra & Dream II 03-Aug-16
• The VLCC Dream had deadweight
of 319,999 DWT and gross
tonnage of 164,241 GRT. The ship
was en route from Beilun, China to
Port of Khark, Iran under ballast.
The vessel was built in 2008 by
Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine
Engineering in South Korea.
• The container ship MSC Alexandra
365.80 m/52.00 m /12.00 m.
• Deadweight of 165,908 DWT, gross
tonnage of 153,115 GRT and
capacity to carry 14,000 TEU. The
container carrier was built in 2010
by Daewoo Shipbuilding and
Marine Engineering in South
Korea.
16. Josephine Maersk & Spring Glory 05-Jun-12
• 22:15 Vessels visible on radar’s 10 nm away
• 22:26 SG detected JM
• 22:29 JM detected SG (2 nm), officer went to
plot a position…
• 22:30 SG tried to contact JM on VHF (1.5 nm)
• 22:30-22:33 No understanding in comm’s
• 22:33 JM alters to STBD, SG alters to PORT
• 22:35 Collision
17. • Lack of situational awareness
• VHF assisted collision
• Late and erroneous actions
18. COLREGs is a logical algorithm to be followed by all
vessels
When everyone is guided by a single algorithm, the
actions of other vessels can be predicted, and
therefore right decision can be made
19. Vessel’s safety and COLREGs…
COLREGs IS EASY – JUST
ALTER COURSE IN
ADVANCEREALLY???
20. TYPICAL ERROR, WHEN GIVE A WAY
SHALL I GIVE HER MORE
SPACE… AND TURN
SLIGHTLY TO PORT??
4-6 NM
I’LL TURN 5 TO
STARBOARD TO
ADJUST CPA….
ALTERATION SHALL BE
SUBSTANTIAL TO BE CLEARLY
SEEN FROM OTHER VESSEL
21. TYPICAL ERROR, WHEN STAND ON
SHALL I GIVE HER MORE
SPACE… AND TURN
SLIGHTLY TO PORT??
2-3 NM
SHALL I CALL HER ON
VHF….?
NO!!!
IT’S HIGHLY DANGEROUS TO
MAKE A PORT ALTERATION IN
CLOSE QUARTERS
25. TYPICAL ERROR, WHEN STAND ON
5-6 NMTC 090
YOU SHALL
THINK AHEAD!!!
SHOW CLEAR INTENTION IN
DUE TIME
26. TYPICAL ERROR, WHEN GIVE A WAY
SHALL I CALL YELLOW
VESSEL ON VHF AND ASK
TO TURN TO STBD TO
OPEN SPACE FOR ME??
…SHALL I KEEP MY COURSE
AND SPEED?
YOU MAY:
1. REDUCE THE SPEED
2. ALTER TO PORT IN DUE TIME, SHOWING CLEAR
INTENTION (IF SPEED CAN’T BE REDUCED)
* ALWAYS CHECK BEHIND THE SIDE OF THE TURN
43. • Risk of collision increases as distance between
vessels decreases and uncertainty of the other
vessel reaction gets higher
When is too late?
44. • Rule 17: Action by stand-on vessel
• Stand-on vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her
manoeuvre alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the
vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate
action in compliance with these Rules.
• When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and
speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by
the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action
as will best aid to avoid collision.
• A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in
accordance with this Rule to avoid collision with another power-
driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not
alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.
When is too late?
46. When is too late?
• Maneuverability is the key…
47. Complacency & the last moment maneuver
Turning circle (hard on rudder) Crash stop (full astern)
48. Complacency & the last moment maneuver
One might say, that the modern container vessels are
fast and extremely maneuverable…
One might say, I can apply the crash stop if I really
need to…
No, no… you can’t
IMO Standard for Advance:
4.5 – 5 LOA
IMO Standard for Track Reach:
15-20 LOA
49. Maneuverability, space & dimensions
LOA 300 m
Advance > 1000 m
Crash Stop 4500 m
LOA 100 m
Advance > 100-150 m
Crash Stop 350 m
Different size…
different time and space
Turning circles from Full
Ahead, Rudder 35° STBD
51. Complacency & the last moment maneuver
Close Quarters distance is 5 X LOA?
For the ship of 300 m it will be approx. 0,8 nm…
What happens when you put hard to starboard
from full speed?
53. You lose control over the vessel, until you
finish the manoeuvre
54. If you are alone on the bridge at the moment
you are practically stuck to a steering helm
55. What to do, if you see that its critical?
• Reduce your speed, it will give you more time and
lessen the severity
• Do a maneuver earlier. If you turn with 10°
alteration your advance will be 7-10 LOA, list will
not be too bad
For LOA = 300 m, 2100 – 3000 m : 1,13 – 1,62 nm
• Autopilot maneuver takes time, but you have your
hands free
56. What does close quarters mean then?
• If you do an alteration with 10° rudder or similar
ROT on Autopilot for 300 LOA you need to be at
least 2 nm away
• So anything less will be the point of no-return or
high risk zone
• 2 nm with 20 knots – TCPA – 6 min
• 2nm with 10 knots – TCPA – 12 min
• Not much time, when you are in anxiety…
59. What does close quarters mean then?
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Unavoidable collision
Own vessel 282/32 m, V = 20 kts, Target 300/32 m, V = 15 kts
Distance to collision point Distance between vessels
Distance, nm
60. What does close quarters mean then?
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Unavoidable collision diagram
50/8 100/20 200/25 300/32 400/50Ship size: LOA / Breadth
Angle of intersection, deg
Distance to CPA point, m