Godwin Emmanuel Oyedokun presented a paper on managing the risk of fraud investigations from the investigation room to the courtroom. The presentation covered fraud investigations, risks and risk management in investigations, the rights of suspects during investigations, and the role of fraud examiners as expert witnesses in court. It emphasized the need for investigators to properly handle evidence and respect suspects' rights per applicable laws to avoid losing strong cases in court.
Financial crimes compliance and enforcement trends 2019Joseph V. Moreno
Panel presentation to the DC Bar Association on September 12, 2019, by Joseph Moreno of Cadwalader, Fabio Leonardi of Pillsbury, Stephen Gibbons of Raytheon, and Woo Lee of the U.S. Department of Justice.
On December 5, 2013, Ron Steinkamp, principal, government advisory services at Brown Smith Wallace, presented at the 2013 MIS Training Institute Governance, Risk & Compliance Conference. Ron focused on the following keys to fraud prevention, detection and reporting:
1. Anti-fraud culture
2. Fraud policy
3. Fraud awareness/training
4. Hotline
5. Assess fraud risks
6. Review/investigation
7. Improved controls
Financial crimes compliance and enforcement trends 2019Joseph V. Moreno
Panel presentation to the DC Bar Association on September 12, 2019, by Joseph Moreno of Cadwalader, Fabio Leonardi of Pillsbury, Stephen Gibbons of Raytheon, and Woo Lee of the U.S. Department of Justice.
On December 5, 2013, Ron Steinkamp, principal, government advisory services at Brown Smith Wallace, presented at the 2013 MIS Training Institute Governance, Risk & Compliance Conference. Ron focused on the following keys to fraud prevention, detection and reporting:
1. Anti-fraud culture
2. Fraud policy
3. Fraud awareness/training
4. Hotline
5. Assess fraud risks
6. Review/investigation
7. Improved controls
This guideline takes you through a step-by-step guide on how to conduct a money laundering business risk assessment. The slides consider each core division of an aml risk assessment.
A review of common fraud areas that occur in closely held businesses, how to prevent them and what your legal remedies are if you are a victim of fraud.
This presented is aimed at AML/CTF practitioners who would need quick reminders of the basics of AML. Tools are not very useful if the underlying basics are unknown.
Most companies have ethics and compliance policies in place and those policies usually include training for employees. That training typically includes material about policies prohibiting discrimination and harassment, bribery and excessive gift-giving. But it usually does not teach employees how to recognize signs of fraud and how to report them.
Employee fraud awareness training is one of the most important ways your company can protect itself from fraud which, according to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, costs the average company five per cent of its revenues every year.
Forensic accountants use many tools to fine tune their fraud investigation process, yielding useable results during any fraud investigation. Learn more here.
Presentation on Financial Crimes. Money is one of the most important reasons behind all forms of crime whether Cyber or Internet crimes, Physical or Theft crimes. With the advancement of technology the crime has not decelerated but only esteemed and many more new techniques were by people and they were popularly called as Blackhat hackers. In this presentations we give an over view of the whole scenario.
Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing in a Nutshell: Chapter OneMd. Moulude Hossain
Financial Crime is an increasing concern for all financial institutions, which is developing rapidly and equally together with technology. May be not limited to money laundering and terrorist financing, these two form of financial crime deserve to be attended with utmost care.
The evolving challenges of Money Laundering (ML) and Terrorist Financing (TF) lead the evolution of anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing convention and regulations. These conventions give birth of several international organizations to combat the impact of ML and TF.
Essentials of a Highly Effective Employee Fraud Awareness ProgramFraudBusters
Webinar series from FraudResourceNet LLC on Preventing and Detecting Fraud in a High Crime Climate. Recordings of these Webinars are available for purchase from our Website fraudresourcenet.com
This Webinar focused on the subject in the title
FraudResourceNet (FRN) is the only searchable portal of practical, expert fraud prevention, detection and audit information on the Web.
FRN combines the high quality, authoritative anti-fraud and audit content from the leading providers, AuditNet ® LLC and White-Collar Crime 101 LLC/FraudAware.
This guideline takes you through a step-by-step guide on how to conduct a money laundering business risk assessment. The slides consider each core division of an aml risk assessment.
A review of common fraud areas that occur in closely held businesses, how to prevent them and what your legal remedies are if you are a victim of fraud.
This presented is aimed at AML/CTF practitioners who would need quick reminders of the basics of AML. Tools are not very useful if the underlying basics are unknown.
Most companies have ethics and compliance policies in place and those policies usually include training for employees. That training typically includes material about policies prohibiting discrimination and harassment, bribery and excessive gift-giving. But it usually does not teach employees how to recognize signs of fraud and how to report them.
Employee fraud awareness training is one of the most important ways your company can protect itself from fraud which, according to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, costs the average company five per cent of its revenues every year.
Forensic accountants use many tools to fine tune their fraud investigation process, yielding useable results during any fraud investigation. Learn more here.
Presentation on Financial Crimes. Money is one of the most important reasons behind all forms of crime whether Cyber or Internet crimes, Physical or Theft crimes. With the advancement of technology the crime has not decelerated but only esteemed and many more new techniques were by people and they were popularly called as Blackhat hackers. In this presentations we give an over view of the whole scenario.
Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing in a Nutshell: Chapter OneMd. Moulude Hossain
Financial Crime is an increasing concern for all financial institutions, which is developing rapidly and equally together with technology. May be not limited to money laundering and terrorist financing, these two form of financial crime deserve to be attended with utmost care.
The evolving challenges of Money Laundering (ML) and Terrorist Financing (TF) lead the evolution of anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing convention and regulations. These conventions give birth of several international organizations to combat the impact of ML and TF.
Essentials of a Highly Effective Employee Fraud Awareness ProgramFraudBusters
Webinar series from FraudResourceNet LLC on Preventing and Detecting Fraud in a High Crime Climate. Recordings of these Webinars are available for purchase from our Website fraudresourcenet.com
This Webinar focused on the subject in the title
FraudResourceNet (FRN) is the only searchable portal of practical, expert fraud prevention, detection and audit information on the Web.
FRN combines the high quality, authoritative anti-fraud and audit content from the leading providers, AuditNet ® LLC and White-Collar Crime 101 LLC/FraudAware.
Les missions de cette commission sont de;
- Améliorer la qualité de formation à proposer
- Renforcer la capacité des membres internes
- Partager les connaissances et les expériences acquises en permaculture et en développement durable
- Mettre en œuvre et suivre les projets de mise en place des sites permaculturaux
Resultados generales 9a reunión 20 de diciembre de 2015.UTTA OSPAT
Resultados Generales de la 9a reunión de la temporada. Orbe se coronó en la Final de la Copa Federación (Oficial) y Borrowed Time se llevó el Clausura.
Forensic accounting is an emerging discipline which helps in fraud detection and prevention and used as proactive and reactive tool for frauds management
Impact of Provision of Litigation Supports through Forensic Investigations on...Premier Publishers
This paper presents an argument through the fraud triangle theory that the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations in relation to corporate fraud cases is adequate for effective prosecution of perpetrators as well as corporate fraud prevention. To support this argument, this study operationalized provision of litigation supports through forensic audit and investigations, data mining for trends and patterns, and fraud data collection and preparation. A sample of 500 respondents was drawn from the population of professional accountants and legal practitioners in Nigeria. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and this was mailed to the respective respondents. Resulting responses were analyzed using the OLS multiple regression techniques via the SPSS statistical software. The results reveal that the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations, fraud data mining for trends and patterns and fraud data collection and preparation for court proceedings have a positive and significant impact on corporate fraud prevention in Nigeria. This study therefore recommends that regulators should promote the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations in relation to corporate fraud cases in publicly listed firms in Nigeria, as this will help provide reports that are acceptable in court proceedings.
A brief overview of different types of fraud affecting financial services firms in Lithuania and elsewhere - this presentation was delivered to ISM students in October, 2014
Fraud is an economic and social menace with multiplier adverse consequences
on individuals, organizations and the society at large. Hence, the Fraud Box key
Model (FBKM) was used as one of the palliative measures to eradicating and
proffering a permanent solution to this monster called fraud. The aim of this study
was to ascertain the effectiveness of forensic accounting as a corporate
governance tool in reducing fraud and improving internal control systems in the
Banking Industry. A Likert scale questionnaire was designed and used as the
research instrument for data generation from respondents. 120 questionnaires
were administered to bankers in Benin City using the judgmental sampling
technique. Data obtained were analyzed using Binomial test. Findings from the
study revealed that forensic accounting aside significantly reducing fraud in the
banking industry, has helped to improve considerably the internal control systems
of banks. It was recommended that the regulatory agencies and shareholders
should strictly enforce forensic accounting of banks and ensure that both internal
control and internal audit staff embrace this emerging trend. Similarly,
accounting professional bodies and academic institutions should provide the
required specialized courses to ensure that forensic accounting personnel are
adequately trained. Bank employees should be duly sensitize on the dangers
inherent in fraud and the imperative of morals. Finally, stakeholders should
cooperate to ensure a fraud free banking industry.
Challenges of fraud management in public and private sectors Audrius Sapola
I used these slides during a training session on fraud prevention, detection and investigation. This training was arranged by the Business School of the University of Leicester, hence, the branding of slides, etc.
Fraud Prevention, Mitigation and Management Practices In Nigerian FirmsIOSR Journals
This paper examined fraud prevention, mitigation and management practices. The respondents were 294 persons drawn from business owners, accountants, investors, bankers, and managers in Port Harcourt. The spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient statistical tool of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to test the hypotheses. Results indicated that there is a significant relationship between internal control system and reduction in the manipulation of records; and there is a significant relationship between internal auditing and the prevention of assets defalcations.It was concluded that businesses operate in a risky environment where errors and irregularities which may result into fraud can occur. Fraud is an act of deception which is perpetrated by someone in authority for the illegal acquisition of the assets of an organization that he or she is entrusted to take care of. Thus, efficient and effective internal control system with adequate internal auditing should be provided to prevent, mitigate and manage all forms of fraudulent activities in organizations. In the lightof our findings from the study, we recommendedthat the management of firms should have mechanisms for theproper documentations of their assets, and that the management of organizations should provide mechanisms to safeguard all their physical assets.
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
Growing Our Digital World In Nigeria: Forensic and Tax Accounting Perspective. Being the 11th Inaugural Lecture of the Lead City University Ibadan, Nigeria. Delivered on April 19, 2021, at Adeline Hall, Lead City University Ibadan. College Press & Publisher, Lead City University Ibadan; ISBN: 978-978-989-665-3
Today, organizations face external factors of increased competition and greater demands from a global marketplace where business sustainability is less attainable. In quest to proffer solutions to this identified problem, this paper titled Management, Sustainable Development, Security and Supply Chain Transformation in the 21st Century critically explored the concepts of management practices, its influences on sustainable development, security of business and supply chain in this current dispensation. Digital supply chain require technologies to transform investment, in this regard, this paper presented the five major pillars of creating an in-sight enterprise, digital customer engagement and digital service optimization among others and ways at which they impact the business environment. This paper also reviewed that businesses in today’s era has to mount the expertise, mind set and capabilities that are needed to gain competitive edge on global scale. It therefore recommends that organizations must put efforts to efficiently align their operation with the twenty first century model of operations with organizational goal on broader perspective. Other recommendations required to be implemented includes to foster cooperation, encourage training; intensify communicate with customers, improve device security, explore the right avenue where organizations will thrive and be remain competitive while ensuring the change is accepted internally by employees.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
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#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
Latino Buying Power - May 2024 Presentation for Latino CaucusDanay Escanaverino
Unlock the potential of Latino Buying Power with this in-depth SlideShare presentation. Explore how the Latino consumer market is transforming the American economy, driven by their significant buying power, entrepreneurial contributions, and growing influence across various sectors.
**Key Sections Covered:**
1. **Economic Impact:** Understand the profound economic impact of Latino consumers on the U.S. economy. Discover how their increasing purchasing power is fueling growth in key industries and contributing to national economic prosperity.
2. **Buying Power:** Dive into detailed analyses of Latino buying power, including its growth trends, key drivers, and projections for the future. Learn how this influential group’s spending habits are shaping market dynamics and creating opportunities for businesses.
3. **Entrepreneurial Contributions:** Explore the entrepreneurial spirit within the Latino community. Examine how Latino-owned businesses are thriving and contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic diversification.
4. **Workforce Statistics:** Gain insights into the role of Latino workers in the American labor market. Review statistics on employment rates, occupational distribution, and the economic contributions of Latino professionals across various industries.
5. **Media Consumption:** Understand the media consumption habits of Latino audiences. Discover their preferences for digital platforms, television, radio, and social media. Learn how these consumption patterns are influencing advertising strategies and media content.
6. **Education:** Examine the educational achievements and challenges within the Latino community. Review statistics on enrollment, graduation rates, and fields of study. Understand the implications of education on economic mobility and workforce readiness.
7. **Home Ownership:** Explore trends in Latino home ownership. Understand the factors driving home buying decisions, the challenges faced by Latino homeowners, and the impact of home ownership on community stability and economic growth.
This SlideShare provides valuable insights for marketers, business owners, policymakers, and anyone interested in the economic influence of the Latino community. By understanding the various facets of Latino buying power, you can effectively engage with this dynamic and growing market segment.
Equip yourself with the knowledge to leverage Latino buying power, tap into their entrepreneurial spirit, and connect with their unique cultural and consumer preferences. Drive your business success by embracing the economic potential of Latino consumers.
**Keywords:** Latino buying power, economic impact, entrepreneurial contributions, workforce statistics, media consumption, education, home ownership, Latino market, Hispanic buying power, Latino purchasing power.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
1. Managing the Risk of Fraud Investigation: From
Investigation Room to Court Room
Compiled and Presented
BY
Godwin Emmanuel OYEDOKUN
(HND, BSc.Ed, MBA, MSc., MTP (SA), ACA, ACIB, FCTI, AMNIM, ACCA-CertIFR, CFA, CFE, CNA, CICA, CPFA)
godwinoye@yahoo.com +2348033737184
Assistant Director (Head) Education, Research & Technical
The Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria
Vice President
ACFE Nigeria Chapter
Being a paper presented at
7th
ANNUAL ACFE AFRICA CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION
At Sandton International Convention Centre,
Johannesburg South Africa
•6 - 8 October 2014
Themes: Interdependency to Success
2. 2
The Facilitator- “Nemo Dat Quod Non Habet”
Godwin Emmanuel Oyedokun, HND, BSc.Ed, MBA, MSc., MTP (SA), ACA, ACTI, ACIB, AMNIM, CNA, CICA, CFA,CFE, CPFA, FCFIP, CertIFR
Assistant Director (Head) – Finance & ICT Directorate of The Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria (CITN)
Godwin is an Experience Certified Forensic Accountant, Certified Fraud Examiner, Certified Forensic Investigator, Chartered
Accountant, National Accountant, Chartered Tax Professional, Chartered Banker, Chartered Manager, Chartered
Administrator, Insolvency Practitioner, Project Management Expert, and Financial Analyst of good repute. A registered
Professional in Nigeria with the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRC).
He holds a Certificate in International Financial Reporting (CertIFR) of Association of Certified Chartered Accountant (ACCA)
Also, he holds B.Sc. Ed in Accounting at University of Ado- Ekiti, (now Ekiti State University) Nigeria. He bagged his MBA in
Finance & Accounting at Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State of Nigeria in 2006/2007 academic sessions and graduated
with merit. He recently completed his MSc. Accounting of Babcock University, while is also currently an MSc Business &
Applied Economics (Finance option) student of Olabisi Onabanjo University.
Godwin is a leader in Taxation, Forensic Accounting and Fraud Investigation, he is a sought after intellectual, who has
presented over 195 technical papers in various Training/Seminars on Forensic Accounting, Fraud Investigation, Taxation,
Internal Audit & Control, Risk Management, IFRS, ICT, Strategic Management, Finance & Accounting related subjects. He is
also an Examiner to The Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN) on “Introduction to Financial Accounting (FA)” and
“Information Communication Technology (ICT)”
He is a seasoned professional who is currently serving as an Advisory Council Member of Association of Fraud Examiner
(ACFE), Austin, USA, and Vice President of Nigeria Chapter of same Association
He was the Assistant Director (Head) – Education, Research & Technical of The Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria
(CITN).
He is the Chief Technical Consultant to OGE & CO Professional Services Ltd. (www.ogecops.com) and A & D Forensic
Consults Ltd. Nigeria (www.adforensicconsults.com).
3. This presentation will cover the following major sub topics on Risk of Fraud
Investigation:
•Introduction
•Lie, Fraud, and Fraud Investigation
•Fraud Investigation
•Risk & Risk Management
•Risk of Fraud Investigation
•Court System, Witnessing and Litigation Support
•Fraud Investigation and Evidence
•Fraud Investigator in Court
•Conclusion
Contents
Oyedokun Godwin Emmanuel
4. Introduction
Fraud examiners and anti-fraud Professionals are usually
exposed to various risks in their bid to eliciting responses
form the suspects.
This is usually in form of criminal charges filed against the
fraud examiners and possible expulsion of the evidence at
the trail.
This presentation considered and explored the Concept of
Investigation, how to handle Fraud Investigation, the legal
rights of the suspect during and after Fraud Investigation,
the best way to handle Fraud Investigation & Evidence and
intimate the participants on the role of Fraud Investigation
as Expect Wittiness in Court of Law.
6. Lie, Fraud, and Fraud Investigation
Meaning of Lie
Lie is a false statement made with deliberate
intent to deceive;
It is an intentional untruth and a falsehood.
Lies is something intended or serving to convey a
false impression; imposture: an inaccurate or false
statement; a falsehood.
It also mean to speak falsely or utter untruth
knowingly, as with intent to deceive or to express
what is false; convey a false impression
(dictionary.reference.com).
6
7. Lie, Fraud, and Fraud Investigation
Meaning of Fraud
A generic term, embracing all multifarious means which
human ingenuity can devise, and which are resorted to by
one individual to get advantage over another by false
suggestions or by suppression of truth, and includes all
surprise, trick, cunning, dissembling, and any unfair way
by which another is cheated (Dada, 2013).
Fraud is an intentional (deliberate) deception resulting in
injury to another person. Fraud is a deliberate
misrepresentation which causes another person to suffer
damages, usually monetary losses.
7
8. Fraud Investigation
Investigation
Investigation is a vital part of forensic accounting and
auditing process but only applied when the event or
transaction is beclouded.
It is carried out when lapse has been established to
ascertain who is responsible, the reason for the action
including the extent of damage if any.
It could be referred to as a detailed verification and
clarification of doubt about a
Investigation is a structured gathering of documentary
evidence and testimony to resolve an allegation of
improper activity transaction or event.
8
9. Fraud Investigation
Investigation
Interview and Interrogation are the two major
techniques in investigation that are used to elicit
responses from the suspect or accused.
Investigator (interviewer or interrogator) cannot usurp the
power of the court of competent jurisdiction by
pronouncing the suspect or accused guilty.
Investigator’s role is to gather evidence that can be used to
prove or disprove the act in issue (Fred, John, Joseph,
Brian, 2004, Oyedokun, 2014).
9
10. Fraud Investigation
Fraud Investigation
A fraud investigation tries to determine whether fraud has
taken place and tries to detect evidence of fraud has
occurred.
In most cases, fraud investigations are investigations of
white collar crime, which involves surveillance and careful
consideration of complicated financial records.
A fraud investigator may use surveillance, asset searches,
background checks, employee investigations, business
investigations, and other types of methods to get to the
bottom of a case.
10
13. Risk & Risk Management
Risk
Risk is a probability or threat of damage, injury, liability,
loss, or any other negative occurrence that is caused by
external or internal vulnerabilities, and that may be
avoided through preemptive action (investopedia.com).
It is “an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has
a positive or negative effect on a project’s objectives”
(PMBOK® Guide, 2013).
Two characteristics of a risk are:
1. It occurs from elements of uncertainty (probability).
2. It might have negative or positive effects on meeting the
objectives (impact).
13
14. Risk & Risk Management
Risk Management
Is the identification, analysis, assessment, control, and
avoidance, minimization, or elimination of unacceptable
risks.
Is the process of identification, analysis and either
acceptance or mitigation of uncertainty in decision-
making.
Risk assumption, risk avoidance, risk retention, risk
transfer, or any other strategy (or combination of
strategies) may be used in management of future events.
14
16. Risk & Risk Management
Risk Management thus includes:
i. planning risk management
ii.identifying and analyzing the risks
iii.preparing the response plan
iv.monitoring the risk
v.implementing the risk response if the risk occurs
16
17. Risk of Fraud Investigation
Investigators exposes themselves to a risk of litigation or loss of good
cases in court due to carelessness and improper handling of the
investigative materials such as the subject of the investigation,
evidence, collaborative witness etc.
These risks and the safeguards in terms of how the rights of the
individual could be protected, what to be observed by the anti-crime
agents, during the arrest, investigation and prosecution are discussed
under the following headings:
1. Individual Duties & Rights during Examinations
2. The Law Relating to Government Search and Seizure
3. Investigations in Private Actions
4. Rights and Obligations under Criminal Law
17
18. Risk of Fraud Investigation
Duties and Rights during Investigations:
1. Duty to Cooperate
2. Duty to preserve information relevant to litigation
3. Contractual Rights
4. Whistleblower Protections
5. Privacy Rights and Workplace Searches
i. Surveillance
ii. Reasonable Expectations of Privacy
iii. Reducing Expectations of Privacy
18
19. Risk of Fraud Investigation
The Law Relating to Government Search and Seizure:
a.Search Warrants
b.Reasonableness
c. Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement
Consent Searches
Evidence in Plain View
19
20. Risk of Fraud Investigation
Investigations in Private Actions:
1. Defamation- Libel; and Slander
2.Privacy Laws- general & specific:
a. Invasion of Privacy Torts
b. Intrusion into an Individual's Private Matters
c. Public Disclosure of Private Facts
d. Data Privacy
e. False Imprisonment
f. Malicious Prosecution
g. Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress
h. Wrongful Discharge
i. Legal Protections Regarding Interviews
20
21. Risk of Fraud Investigation
Rights and Obligations under Criminal Law:
i. The Right to Remain Silent
ii.Right to Counsel
iii.Limits on using Confessions in Criminal
Cases
iv.Court System, Witnessing and Litigation Support
21
23. Court System, Witnessing and Litigation Support
Court System
A court is a tribunal, often a governmental institution,
with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between
parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil,
criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with
the rule of law.
Courts are the central means for dispute resolution, and it
is generally understood that all persons have an ability to
bring their claims before a court.
The rights of those accused of a crime include the right to
present a defence before a court.
23
25. Court System, Witnessing and Litigation Support
Civil law and the Common law Courts
Civil law courts are based upon the judicial system in France,
Common law courts are based on the judicial system in England.
In most civil law jurisdictions, courts function under an inquisitorial
system.
In the common law system, most courts follow the adversarial system.
Procedural law governs the rules by which courts operate: civil
procedure for private disputes (for example); and criminal procedure
for violation of the criminal law.
International courts are created to resolve matters not covered by the
jurisdiction of national courts.
25
27. Court System, Witnessing and Litigation Support
Expert and Expert witness
Expert is a person who is a specialist in a subject, often technical, who
may present his/her expert opinion without having been a witness to
any occurrence relating to the lawsuit or criminal case (Hill and Hill
2005).
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience,
training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion
An expert witness is an expert who makes this knowledge and
experience available to a court (or other judicial or quasi-judicial
bodies, to help it understand the issues in a case and thereby reach a
sound and just decision
An expert witness is a witness who has knowledge beyond that of the
ordinary lay person enabling him/her to give testimony regarding an
issue that requires expertise to understand.
27
28. Fraud Investigation and Evidence
Fraud investigation process begins with a predication,
circumstances under which a reasonable, professionally
trained expert could believe that fraud is taking place.
Once there are such indications of fraud, the investigator
develops a hypothesis and looks for evidence to prove the
hypothesis.
Evidence is anything perceptible by the five senses, which
is invoked in the process of arguing a case.
Document, spoken recollection, data of various sort and
physical objects are all potentially evidence.
28
29. Fraud Investigation and Evidence
There are three basic forms, as distinguished from
types, of evidence:
Testimony;
Real; and
Demonstration
There are two types of admissible evidence:
Direct evidence
Circumstantial evidence
29
30. 30
Fraud Investigator in Court
A key piece of evidence is the report of the Fraud Investigator.
•The report should not be accusatory or conclusive as to guilt.
•It is critical to ensure that the tone of the report is not
inflammatory or prejudicial.
•The fraud trial can be a civil or a criminal trial.
•In either case, the role of the Fraud Investigator is to study relevant
materials documents, and the authoritative literature relating to the
case on hand.
•Direct and cross examination questions will be asked, and the
Fraud Investigator has the responsibility to answer these questions
clearly and concisely.
31. 31
Forensic Accountant in Court
In court, the Fraud Investigator can be:
• an expert witness,
•a consultant, or
•play other roles such as Trier of fact,
•special master,
•court-appointed expert,
•referee,
•arbitrator, or mediator
32. • This presentation had revealed that there is a need for the anti-fraud professionals to
conduct their fraud investigation by observing the rights guaranteed the suspect under the
applicable laws, and with the sound knowledge of the workings of the court.
• In fraud investigation exercise, effort must be made to determine whether fraud has taken
place or not and tries to gather evidence, if fraud has occurred as to when, how, and who.
• Fraud is considered as intentional misrepresentation of fact with the intent to deceive.
• In fraudulent activities, the perpetrator(s) gain while the victim lose.
• The risk of fraud investigation is key for any anti-fraud professionals to manage and
adequate knowledge of court and court processes is important in order to ensure that best
cases are not loss just because the carelessness on the part of the fraud investigator.
Conclusion
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Crubley, Heiger and Smith (2003), Forensic and Investigative Accounting, CC Publishing
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