Male Reproductive m3 (2).ppt
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The male reproductive system is susceptible to several congenital malformations, infections, tumors, and other issues. The penis can be affected by hypospadias, epispadias, phimosis, balanitis and STDs, as well as benign tumors like condyloma and malignant tumors such as penile cancer. The testes and epididymis can have problems like cryptorchidism, atrophy, epididymo-orchitis, and testicular torsion. The scrotum can swell due to testicular tumors, infections, torsion, hernias, varicocele, hydrocele and other causes. The prostate is prone to prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia
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- 3. Penile Diseases 1-Congenital malformations: – Hypospadiasis : Ventral orifice – Epispadiasis: dorsal orifice – Phymosis : small prepuse orifice
- 5. 2- Inflammations : STDs: balanitis 3- Tumors – Benign : Condyloma accuminatum (HPV) – Malignant : • Ca insitu ( bowen disease) • Squamous cell Ca (HPV 16, 18) Penile Diseases
- 6. Testes and Epididymis • Congenital : Cryptorchidism (clinical importance??) • Atrophy : causes and effects • Inflammation : Epydidymo-orchitis • Causes: • Clinical features • Testicular Torsion: • Testicular Tumors
- 7. Causes Of Scrotal Swelling • Testicular tumors • Testicular infections ( mumps, TB,..) • Testicular torsion • Hernia • Varicocele • Hydrocele • ………
- 8. • A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins in the testicles due to an abnormal blood flow. • a hydrocele is the presence of fluid in the scrotum, which function is to allow testicular mobility and to absorb the shocks. A hydrocele is commonly caused by inflammation of the testes.
- 9. Testicular Tumors WHO Classification Single Histogenic Tumors(40%) Seminomas (30%) Teratoma Embryonal Carcinoma Yolk Sac Tumor Choriocarcinoma Sex cord Tumors Combined Tumors(60%) MIXED
- 10. Seminoma • The most common (30%) • Age 20 – 30 yrs • Clinically : painless lobulated swelling • Histologically : – Large clear cells with central Nuclei – Fibrous stroma – lymphocytic infiltrate • Diagnosis
- 11. Seminoma
- 12. Disorders OF Prostate • Prostatitis – Acute bacrerial – Chronic bacterial – Chronic abacterial • Benign Nodular Hyperplasia • Ca Prostate
- 13. Benign Prostatic hyperplasia • Very common in old males • Pathogenesis: ↑ DHT and Estrogen • Clinically – Urine retention – Frequency, nocturea, UTI – Bladder hypertrophy • Pathology: middle lobe nodularity,↑↑ glands + fibromuscular stroma
- 14. BPH Ca Prostate
- 15. Carcinoma of the Prostate • Most common male cancer • 2nd causes of male cancer death • 65- 75 yrs Pathogenesis • Hormonal • /Environmental/ • Genetic bases
- 16. Clinical /f • local • General Pathology Macro: ... Site . Shape , color ,.. Micro: Adenocarcinoma
- 19. Diagnosis • Clinical • Radioolgical • Lab - routine - FNA , true-cut, biopsy - tumor markers
- 20. Prostatic biopsy