Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted via the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. It affects red blood cells and can cause symptoms ranging from fever and headaches to coma and death. Malaria remains common in areas where mosquitoes breed easily and people do not take precautions to prevent bites, though creating awareness, proper screening of homes, use of repellents, and preventive medicine can help reduce transmission.