This document outlines a student project to make a biodegradable plastic from starch. It includes an introduction explaining the motivation to find an alternative to synthetic plastics. The procedure involves mixing starch, glycerol, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide in a china dish, then allowing the mixture to dry and form a plastic film. The student obtained a fair-looking plastic piece as a result, demonstrating that starch can be used to make plastic. Sections include aim, theory, requirements, procedure, result, and conclusion.

1. Jawahar Navodaya vidyalaya Hatta
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
Aim- Making a plastic from
starch

2. 1
Submitted by: - Hakam Singh
Class- XIl Section- A
Roll Number-
Session:- 2023-24
Submitted to:- Mr. Mukesh
Kumar Babele sir
Topic- Making a plastic from
starch.

3. 2
CERTIFICATE
This is hereby to certify that, the
original and genuine investigation
work has been carried out to
investigate about the subject matter
and related data collection and data
investigation has been completed
solely, sincerely and satisfactorily by
Hakam singh of Class:- XIl- A
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Hatta,
regarding his project titled "Making
a plastic from starch."
Signature of internal examiner:-
Signature of external examiner:-
Signature of principal:-

4. 3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my profound and
to appreciation those who helped me with
this project, for their time expended and
for sharing their insights about the project.
l have been immeasurably enriched by
working under the guidance and
supervision of Mr. Mukesh Kumar Babele
PGT CHEMISTRY, who has a great level
of knowledge and has an art encouraging,
Correctingand directing me in every
situation possible, which has enabled me
to complete the project.I Would also like to
thank all the people who have helped me
in this project and appreciate the available
sources who provided me with the
research papers.
Hakam Singh
XII- A

5. 4
CONTENTS
01. ABOUT
02. INTRODUCTION
03. THEORY
04. REQUIREMENT
05. PROCEDURE
06. RESULT
07. CONCLUSION

6. 5
ABOUT
Aim: Making plastic from starch
Introduction:-
Plastic pollution is currently one of the biggest
environmental concerns. Synthetic Plastics are
made up of long chain of molecules (polymer)
containing repeated units of carbon atoms
(monomer). These Synthetic polymers have
extremely strong carbon-carbon bonds with
each other. Because of this inherent molecular
stability, plastics do not break down into simpler
components easily. To find an alternative to this
problem I made a successful attempt to make a
biodegradable plastic. We say it is
Biodegradable because natural organisms are
capable of breaking the material down into
smaller parts. We use starch polymer (Amylose)
which is biodegradable and hence
successfully converted to replacement of plastic.

7. 6

8. 7
THEORY
Why did we choose starch? Starch is
made of long chains of glucose molecules
joined together.Strictly, it contains two
polymers: amylose, which is straight
chained, and amylopectin, which is
branched. Glucose (simple sugar) is
essential for life, that being the reason
many organisms from bacteria to humans
break starch into simple sugar
(glucose).How it degrades into simple
sugar? Starch is a chain of simple sugar
monomers called glucose the bonds that
connect then are called glycosidic bonds
an enzyme called amylase helps break
sugar part by fitting between two
monomers. A water molecule is absorbed
is order to break the glycosidic bond
between two monomers in a process
called
hydrolysis.

9. 8
Structural representation is as below

10. 9
REQUIREMENT
1.Potato starch
2. Propan 1,2,3 triol(glycerol)
3.Hydrochloric acid
4.Sodium hydroxide
5. Spirit lamp
6.Tripod
7.Universal Indicator
paper
8.Stirring rod
9.China dish

11. 10
PROCEDURE
1. Start The experiment by placing
Tripod over a Spirit lamp with a china
dish above it.
2. Add some water into the china dish.
Note:If Too much water is used, the
polymer does not solidify and remains a
liquid
3. Then add starch little by little with a
continuous stir. Avoid making air bubbles.
Note: When starch is dried from an
aqueous solution it form to hf hydrogen
bonding between the chains
4. Add some HCl into the mixture.
Note: After step3 However, the
amylopectin inhibits the formation of the
film.The addition of hydrochloric acid
breaks the amylopectin down, allowing a
more satisfactory film formation
5. Add 1,2,3-triol in suitable amount.

12. 11
Note:The addition of propan-1,2,3-triol has
an effect because of its hygroscopic
(water
attracting) properties. Water bound to the
propan-1,2,3-triol gets in amongst the
starch chains and inhibits the formation of
crystalline areas, preventing brittleness
and resulting in more plastic properties.
6. To Neutralize HCl add some Na0H into
it.
7. After you observe it forming like Plastic
film or Vaseline like gel, lay it down on a
flat surface.
8. Spread it into a long sheet of desired
thickness.
9. let it dry properly for at least an hour
properly.
10 Pealit out from the surface. And your
plastic is formed.

13. 12

14. 13
CONCLUSION
Thus we obtain a fair looking
plastic.
Things that could be done better
is out plastic properly once its
prepared and little food color can
be added for good appearance
RESULT
We obtained a Plastic piece
which demonstrates that starch
can be used to make plastic.