MAKALAH SML TE1
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Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan (SML) ISO 14001, termasuk pengertian SML, bagaimana membangun SML, kebijakan lingkungan, perencanaan, penerapan, pemeriksaan, tinjauan manajemen, manfaat SML bagi perusahaan, dan program lingkungan di Indonesia.
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MAKALAH SML TE1
- 1. Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan (ISO 14001 : 2004) Disusun oleh : Afif Hideyoshi (20151330028) dan Wahyu (20151330031)
- 2. Apa itu Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan Bagian dari sistem manajemen organisasi yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan dan menerapkan Kebijakan Lingkungan dan mengelola Aspek Lingkungan. (ISO 14001:2004) 2
- 3. Bagaimana Cara Membangun Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan (Plan Do Check Act) Kebijakan Lingkungan Penyempurnaan Berkelanjutan Perencanaan Penerapan & Operasi Pemeriksaan dan Tindakan Perbaikan Tinjauan Ulang Manajemen
- 4. 44 Kebijakan (& Komitmen) Lingkungan Manajemen Puncak harus menetapkan Kebijakan Lingkungan Organisasi dan memastikan bahwa hal itu terwujud : a) sesuai dengan alam, skala dan dampak lingkungan dari kegiatan, produk atau layanan; b) termasuk komitmen untuk perbaikan terus-menerus dan pencegahan polusi;
- 5. 5 Kebijakan (& Komitmen) Lingkungan c) termasuk komitment untuk mematuhi undang-undang lingkungan dan peraturan yang relevan, dan dengan persyaratan lain yang diikuti oleh organisasi; d) menyediakan kerangka kerja untuk menetapkan dan meninjau tujuan dan sasaran lingkungan; e) didokumentasikan, diterapkan, dipelihara, dan dikomunikasikan kepada semua karyawan; f) tersedia untuk umum.
- 6. 6 Perencanaan Mencakup identifikasi aspek lingkungan dari kegiatan organisasi, identifikasi dan akses terhadap persyaratan peraturan, adanya tujuan dan sasaran yang terdokumentasi dan konsisten dengan kebijakan, dan adanya program untuk mencapai tujuan dan sasaran yang direncanakan (termasuk siapa yang bertanggung jawab dan kerangka waktu).
- 7. 7 Perencanaan Identifikasi Kegiatan, Produk, Dan Layanan Identifikasi Aspek dan Dampak Lingkungan Menentukan Aspek Lingkungan Yang penting Menentukan Hukum Persyaratan lainnya Menetapkan Tujuan dan Sasaran Membangun Program Manajemen Lingkungan
- 8. 8 Penerapan dan Operasi Mencakup definisi, dokumentasi, dan komunikasi peran dan tanggung jawab, pelatihan yang memadai, terjaminnya komunikasi internal dan eksternal, dokumentasi tertulis sistem manajemen lingkungan dan prosedur pengendalian dokumen yang baik, prosedur pengendalian operasi yang terdokumentasi, dan prosedur tindakan darurat yang terdokumentasi.
- 9. 9 Penerapan & Operasi Struktur dan Tanggungjawab Pelatihan Kesadaran dan Kompetensi Kontrol Dokumen Kesiapsiagaan Dan Tanggap Darurat Komunikasi Kontrol Operasional Tanggungjawab Organisasi Kemampuan & Komunikasi Kontrol
- 10. 10 Pemeriksaan dan Tindakan Perbaikan Mencakup prosedur yang secara teratur memantau dan mengukur karakteristik kunci dari kegiatan dan operasi, prosedur untuk menangani situasi ketidaksesuaian, prosedur pemeliharaan catatan spesifik dan prosedur audit kinerja sistem manajemen lingkungan.
- 11. 11 Pemeriksaan & Tindakan Perbaikan Laporan Memantau dan Mengukur Internal Audit SML secara berkala Ketidaksesuaian, Perbaikan dan Tindakan Pencegahan
- 12. 12 Tinjauan Ulang Manajemen Mengkaji secara periodik sistem manajemen lingkungan keseluruhan untuk memastikan kesesuaian, kecukupan, efektifitas sistem manajemen lingkungan terhadap perubahan yang terjadi.
- 13. 13 Tinjauan Ulang Manajemen Mempertimbangkan : • temuan audit • proses pencatatan pada tujuan perubahan fasilitas • merubah aktifitas, produk dan layanan • merubah teknologi • kekhawatiran pihak yang berkepentingan • informasi lain yang relevan Untuk menilai • kesesuaian, • kecukupan, dan • keefektifan SML menentukan kebutuhan atas perubahan dan perbaikan untuk: • kebijakan lingkungan • tujuan dan sasaran • elemen lain dalam SML
- 14. 14 SML yang Efektif 1. Memenuhi persyaratan 2. Konsistensi dengan berbagai elemen yang saling terkait 3. Mekanisme berada pada tempatnya dalam perbaikan berkesinambungan. Untuk meningkatkan SML dan kinerja organisasi yang didukung oleh Komitmen dan Dukungan Manajemen.
- 15. 15 Perlu diingat…!!! • Keefektifitasan SML harus “aktif”; terus mengukur kinerja, membuat penyesuaian, dan mencari peluang untuk perbaikan terus-menerus, • Tanggungjawab sangat penting
- 16. 16 Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan... • Adalah sistem manajemen. • Lebih dari kepatuhan – termasuk keselamatan, energi, air dsb. • Dukung misi! • Butuh waktu – ini adalah proses, bukan acara. • Membutuhkan orang-orang yang peduli terhadap lingkungan • SML membutuhkan komitmen – bukan pekerjaan partime
- 17. 17 Tujuan Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan Tujuan secara menyeluruh dari penerapan Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan (SML) ISO14001 sebagai Standar Internasional yaitu untuk mendukung perlindungan lingkungan dan pencegahan pencemaran yang seimbang dengan kebutuhan sosial ekonomi. Manajemen lingkungan mencakup suatu rentang isu yang lengkap meliputi hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan strategi dan kompetensi. Penerapan ISO 14001 juga memberikan banyak manfaat bagi perusahaan.
- 18. Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 18
- 19. 19 Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 1. Perlindungan lingkungan oMengurangi/meminilisasi limbah oMengoptimalisasi sumber daya alam oMembantu mengatasi isu isu lingkungan 2. Dasar persaingan yang setara ISO-14000 akan mengurangi sekecil mungkin timbulnya perbedaan perbedaan pembiayaan lingkungan oleh sebab perbedaan sistem/geografi. 3. Kesesuaian terhadap peraturan-peraturan yang ada Dengan menggunakan Sertifikat ISO-14000 dalam pengelolaan lingkungan terbuka kesempatan kemampuan telusuran dan kesesuaian dokumen-dokumen dalam mendukung peraturan yang ada.
- 20. 20 Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 4. Terbentuknya sistem manajemen yang efektif Dengan adanya bermacam-macam tuntutan terhadap perusahaan tentang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, sistem manajemen lingkungan akan membuat pengelolaan lebih efektif dan mampu berkiprah dalam dunia percaturan Internasional 5. Memiliki kekuatan pasar oMampu memasuki pasar dengan produk ramah lingkungan oMeningkatkan peran pasar (Market Share) oMemenuhi persyaratan pelanggan oMembuka peluang investasi
- 21. 21 Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 6. Pengurangan biaya Dasar utama dalam penekanan biaya adalah mengurangi penanganan bahan kimia dan sisa-sisa/limbah lainnya. Lebih sedikit bahan kimia/limbah, akan semakin sedikit biaya dan semakin tinggi tingkat mutu air/tanah. Dengan ISO-14000 yang kesemuanya didasarkan penggunaan standart, maka diharapkan semakin kecil peluang menyimpangnya operasi. Biaya-biaya yang dapat dikurangi meliputi : oBiaya-biaya kesalahan oBiaya operasional yang terakumulasi oBiaya taksiran
- 22. 22 Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 7. Pengurangan kerugian “Sistem” akan melindungi atau meminimumkan akibat ke lingkungan, dan juga meminimumkan akibat buruk bagi karyawan, pengurangan luka dan penyakit jika perusahaan mengadopsi sistem manajemen lingkungan ISO-14000 8. Meningkatkan hubungan masyarakat Dalam “Gall-up” pool 1994, didapat bahwa warga di 24 negara (industri & sedang berkembang) mempertimbangkan perlindungan lingkungan lebih penting dari pada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Jika perusahaan mengembangkan program pengelolaan lingkungan, ini berarti mengembangkan hubungan kemasyarakatan.
- 23. 23 Manfaat Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan bagi Perusahaan / Organisasi 9. Mengembangkan kepercayaan pelanggan dan kepuasan pelanggan Dengan dimilikinya sertifikat ISO-14001, pelanggan akan merasa lebih aman dan lingkungannya terlindungi. Hal ini akan meyakinkan pelanggan bahwa pemasok peduli lingkungan dan mempunyai dokumen yang sesuai untuk mendukung pernyataan tersebut. 10.Mengembangkan perhatian manajemen yang lebih tinggi Di waktu yang lalu, departemen lingkungan dipandang oleh beberapa perusahaan sebagai kegiatan pemborosan biaya. dengan ISO-14000 departemen lingkungan dipandang positif dan merupakan konponen penting dalam perusahaan. keseluruhan proses dalam mencapai sertifikasi ISO-14000 akan merangsang manajemen lebih berkembang dan lebih menghargai pengelolaan lingkungan.
- 24. Program Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan Indonesia Beberapa program Lingkungan di Indonesia yang dikoordinasikan oleh Bapedal (Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan) Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Indonesia Mengenai Manajemen Lingkungan (RKP, 2005) 24
- 25. 25 Beberapa program Lingkungan di Indonesia yang dikoordinasikan oleh Bapedal (Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan) • Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan (AMDAL) • Program Kali Bersih (PROKASIH). • Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) • ADIPURA • Produksi Bersih (PRODUKSIH) • Program Penilaian Kinerja Lingkungan (PROPER) • Pengembangan Audit Lingkungan • Pengendalian Dampak Skala Kecil • Pengendalian Kerusakan Lingkungan • Pengendalian Pencemaran Laut dan Pesisir • Ekolabel
- 26. 26 Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Indonesia Mengenai Manajemen Lingkungan (RKP, 2005) • Program Perlindungan dan Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam • Program Rehabilitasi dan Pemulihan Cadangan Sumber Daya Alam • Program Pengembangan Pengelolaan SDA dan Lingkungan Hidup • Program Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan • Program Peningkatan Kualitas, Akses Informasi SDA dan Lingkungan
- 27. 27 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN KESIMPULAN Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan membutuhkan waktu dan komitmen dari seluruh organisasi/perusahaan/masyarakat. Efektif menjalankan SML akan memberikan manfaat lingkungan yang berkelanjutan, penghematan biaya dan berkontribusi untuk membangun budaya menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan. SARAN • Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan harus dimiliki oleh setiap perusahaan/organisasi, khususnya perusahaan/organisasi yang produksinya bersentuhan langsung dengan alam atau lingkungan hidup. • Sebaiknya Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan semakin didorong oleh pemerintah dan didukung oleh masyarakat supaya lebih banyak lagi kontribusi yang dilakukan dalam melestarikan lingkungan hidup.
Editor's Notes
- This slide shows the components arranged to reflect the EMS cycle and the notion that the cycle supports the continual improvement concept that is the backbone of an effective EMS the next few slides will describe the various components
- Next is the planning component - some organizations begin here even before they have drafted their policy - it is here where you inventory what you do that affects the environment - identifying what impacts those activities have on the environment - identify legal and other requirements such as Executive Order performance goals - determine which of the impacts are significant to your organization - and considering that information and your legal and other requirements, establish your objectives and the targets where you ultimately want to be - it is recognized in the standard that the objectives and targets should reflect financial and technological limitations - it is also recognized that the objectives and target should reflect the views of interested parties at this point you are ready to develop your environmental management program that identifies planning and logistics for achieving your objectives, including responsibilities, resources planning, timing and milestones - this activity may be addressed by amending existing strategic planning or developing a separate program - it also establishes the metrics that will be used to determine progress in meeting your objectives
- Implementation is the “do” step in an EMS - this is where roles, responsibilities and authorities for EMS implementation are “defined, documented, and communicated” This step is also where training and communication reside- training reflects both skills training for those whose role in the organization involves potential environmental impact as well as general awareness training for all employees - training includes both training in the EMS itself and general environmental awareness, training to ensure competence in one duties where significant environmental impact may occur as a result of an individuals responsibilities, including training that may be required by regulation in addition, an organization must have a process for internal communication regarding the EMS to its employees across the organization - including information transfer up the chain of command - empowering the individual also here is document control - all documents, including EMS documents, can be located, are reviewed and revised as necessary, current documents are available, obsolete ones are identified as such - this is reflective of the quality standard operational controls are procedures to ensure that actions are taken to prevent deviation from the environmental policy and objects and targets - when your out of compliance, your operational controls are not working - these are also SOPs finally this is where emergency situations are covered - identify potential accidents and prevent, mitigate or respond to associated environmental impact
- This component of the EMS process is the “check” stage of the plan-do-check-act paradigm. There are really four categories under this component. Monitoring and measurement covers those activities that can have a significant impact on the environment including those associated with operational controls and objectives and targets - this is to determine whether your are achieving your policy goals and the actions of the environmental program- this includes compliance monitoring programs The second part of this component is nonconformance and corrective and preventive action- this is where an organization addresses nonconformance to policy goals by mitigating impacts that may have occurred, correcting the circumstance that allowed it to occur and preventing further nonconformance - these actions are documented - it should be noted that this goes beyond regulatory issues to all aspects of the standard - this is also where root cause analysis comes into play by addressing the cause of the nonconformance not just the event Also in this component is the requirement for EMS audits - this is to see whether or not the EMS itself is working as identified in the ISO standard and as defined in the EMS planning process including whether is is being properly implemented and maintained - the standard calls for the results of these audits to be provided to management for their review Finally, throughout the process of the EMS implementation, records must be maintained that reflect the actions taken.
- The next step in the EMS process is management review. Note that this is not the “final step.” This is where management, those with the responsibility and authority to alter facility policies and activities, review the EMS and determine what- if any- changes to make. The EMS is reviewed for “continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.” From the review can come changes to the policy, objectives and targets and the EMS program. Remember one of the goals of the EMS is continual improvement - according top SIO 14001 that is “enhancing the EMS to achieve improvements in overall performance in line with the organization’s environmental policy.” That’s in large part what this step is all about
- It is important to remember - EMS is a tool - it only works as well as those using it - it requires a commitment on the part of the organization and each member of that organization from top management down. And, an EMS must be a living effort - it is a fine tool for enhancing performance and making an organization more effective in all aspects of its mission, not just environmental.
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!
- In closing - remember EMS is a recognized business management tool employed to help respond to your environmental issues while supporting your mission - it goes beyond regulatory compliance and identifies a range of issues related to organizational management such as security, energy and health and safety - and it supports you mission by making you organization more efficient across the board But remember - it take time to properly implement an EMS and it takes commitment - we have seen that the Federal government can be a leader in a number of fronts and this is an opportunity that we cannot miss!