The document describes the development of tourism in the UK from the 1960s to 1990s. It traces the rapid rise in tourist numbers from 0.4 million in the 1960s to a peak of 7.5 million in the 1980s, before a decline to 7 million in the 1990s. This growth was encouraged by government and supported employment for up to 70% of the population in some areas. However, issues with infrastructure, overcrowding and environmental pressures led to a later stagnation in tourism.

1. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

2. 0.4 million 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

3. 0.4 million 3.0 million 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

4. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

5. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

6. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

7. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

8. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

9. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

10. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

11. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

12. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

13. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

14. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

15. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

16. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

17. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

18. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

19. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

20. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

21. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas , golf courses, water parks Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

22. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas , golf courses, water parks Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

23. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas , golf courses, water parks Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

24. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

25. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. Bars and cafes close. Malaga by-pass and new air terminal opened. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

26. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. Bars and cafes close. Malaga by-pass and new air terminal opened. Clean unspoilt beaches. Relatively unpolluted sea. Pleasant villages. Quiet, little visual pollution. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

27. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. Bars and cafes close. Malaga by-pass and new air terminal opened. Clean unspoilt beaches. Relatively unpolluted sea. Pleasant villages. Quiet, little visual pollution. Farmland built on. Wildlife frightened away. Beaches and sea less clean 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

28. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. Bars and cafes close. Malaga by-pass and new air terminal opened. Clean unspoilt beaches. Relatively unpolluted sea. Pleasant villages. Quiet, little visual pollution. Farmland built on. Wildlife frightened away. Beaches and sea less clean Mountains hidden behind hotels. Litter-strewn beaches and sewage in sea. Crime rates up. Noise increases 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment

29. 0.4 million 3.0 million 7.5 million 7.0 million Traditional society Take-off and development Peak production Stagnation Very few tourists Rapid increase in tourism, encouraged by government Carrying capacity reached – tourists outstrip resources (eg water supply) Decline. World recession – prices too high. Beach boredom. Mainly in farming and fishing (ie the primary sector) Construction workers, jobs in hotels, cafes and shops. Decline in farming & fishing Up to 70% working in tourism in some areas Unemployment increases as tourism declines (<30%) Limited accommodation, very few hotels; the odd holiday cottage Large hotels built – breeze block & concrete, little planning. More apartment blocks and villas More large hotels. Time share complexes, luxury villas Older hotels looking run down. Only high class hotels get planning consent. Limited access and few amenities. Poor roads and public services Some road improvements, but severe congestion in towns nonetheless. Bars, discos, shops etc added E340 opened – dubbed the ‘Highway of Death’. Congestion builds further. Marinas, water parks, golf courses. Bars and cafes close. Malaga by-pass and new air terminal opened. Clean unspoilt beaches. Relatively unpolluted sea. Pleasant villages. Quiet, little visual pollution. Farmland built on. Wildlife frightened away. Beaches and sea less clean Mountains hidden behind hotels. Litter-strewn beaches and sewage in sea. Crime rates up. Noise increases Attempts to clean up beaches and sea (EU Blue Flag scheme). New public parks and gardens; nature reserves opened. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s UK tourist numbers Stage of development State of tourism / Changes in tourism Employment Accommodation Infrastructure Environment