Bho Mudyahoto, Head, Monitoring & Evaluation ReSAKSS Conference, October 24-26th, 2018 | Addis Ababa

1. HarvestPlus@cgiar.org • www.HarvestPlus.org
Mainstreaming biofortification indicators in the
National Agricultural Investment Plans (NAIPs) &
AATS
Bho Mudyahoto, Head, Monitoring & Evaluation
ReSAKSS Conference, October 24-26th, 2018 | Addis Ababa

2. Presentation Outline
• Introducing biofortification
• Reflecting biofortification in AATS and NAIPs
• M&E biofortification projects and programs
• Partnerships in M&E

3. Micronutrient malnutrition
• 2.5 billion people are at RISK of micronutrient
deficiencies  vitamin A, iron and zinc
• “Hidden” hunger is affecting 1 in 3 people
• Inhibits children from reaching their full growth
and development potential
• It compromises adult health and productivity
• The Malabo commitments highlight the
importance of agriculture and nutrition

4. Strategies for tackling hidden hunger
― Dietary diversity
― Supplementation
― Fortification
― Biofortification

5. Biofortification
is a process
of increasing the density of
vitamins and minerals in a
crop through plant breeding
or agronomic practices, so
that the biofortified crops,
when consumed regularly,
will generate measurable
improvement in vitamin and
mineral nutritional status.

6. Sweet Potato
Biofortified crops currently available
Maize
Currently, over people are benefiting from biofortified
crops throughout Africa (70%), Asia, and Latin America and the
Caribbean.
BeansCassava
Banana/
Plantain
Sorghum Lentil
Pearl Millet

7. Varieties released in Africa

8. Ongoing efforts on biofortification at the AUC level
• Biofortification endorsed by the Specialized Technical Committee (STC) of
Agriculture Ministers and the AU Executive council of AU Foreign Affairs
Ministers - 2018
• AUC & technical partners working towards the AU Continental Declaration
• The 10th Africa Task Force on Food and Nutrition Development Meeting in
Bujumbura recommended that the STC of Health, Nutrition and Drug control,
endorse biofortification.
• Efforts to include BFCs in the school feeding program in Ethiopia, Rwanda and
Uganda – pilot basis
• NEPAD support to RECs to include BF in their plans
• Post Accra 2016 ReSAKSS conference - indicators into NAIPs

9. Reflecting biofortification in Malabo commitments & NAIP, indicators
Theme 3 (Ending Hunger) indicators can reflect
biofortification
• 3.1 Access to agriculture inputs and technologies
• 3.2 - Agricultural productivity
• 3.5 - Food security and nutrition

10. Potentially useful indicators for inclusion AATS
Theme 3 – BR
–Market share indicators for tracking contribution staple
[crop] (biofortified and non-biofortified)
a. Staple [crop e.g. maize] seed supply disaggregated by
biofortified/non-biofortified
b. Land area planted with staple [crop] disaggregated by
biofortified/non-biofortified
c. Produce staple [crop] disaggregated by biofortified/non-
biofortified

11. Potentially useful indicators for inclusion in NAIPs
Staple [crop] production disaggregated by biofortified/non-
biofortified
• Population: Rural Farming Households
• Possible data sources: Living Standards Measurement Study -
Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) (World Bank),
FAOSTAT, Household Consumption and Expenditure Surveys,
National Agricultural Sample Surveys (NASS), etc.
• Metric(s): annual and national level
• Computing for % biofortified crop only 𝐵𝑖𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡/𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑀𝑇)
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡/𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑀𝑇)
∗ 100

12. Potentially useful indicators for inclusion in NAIPs
Released staple crop varieties disaggregated by biofortified/non-
biofortified crop
• Possible data sources: Government agencies (Ministry of
Agriculture) and NARS; Other national institutions (such as
universities) that release crop varieties (private seed companies)
• Data collection – review of secondary data sources e.g.
– National records
– Records from private seed companies and other institutions
• Computing for biofortified crop only (recommended metric):
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑖𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 [𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝] 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 [𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝] 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑
∗ 100

13. Potentially useful indicators for inclusion in NAIPs
Contribution of [crop] to staple calorie intake disaggregated by
biofortified/non-biofortified crop
• Consumption indicator – used to determine the share of caloric intake for
staple crop that is obtained from biofortified crops.
• Population: All Households
• Possible sources: FAO food balance sheets; National Agricultural Statistics
• Metric: Share of dietary energy consumption derived from biofortified
crops (%)
• Computing for biofortified crop only (recommended metric):
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑖𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑠
∗ 100

14. Monitoring and Evaluating biofortification Projects and
Programs

15. Biofortified
varieties
released
Planting
material
delivered
Farmers
grow & share
Households
consume
Micronutrient
deficiency
reduced
5 Process and 10 Output Indicators
Implementation monitoring
custom developed tools and platforms
12 Outcome Indicators
Outcome monitoring
monitoring surveys, adoption surveys,
consumption surveys, models
3 Impact Indicators
Impact measurement
models and impact
evaluations

16. Methods and tools – outcome measurement

17. Monitoring surveys

18. Listing survey

19. Main survey

20. Qualitative evaluation

21. Qualitative evaluation ctd…

22. Adoption Surveys

23. Listing survey

24. Main survey

25. Qualitative evaluation

26. Consumption Studies
• 24 hour recall surveys to estimate the additional intake of
micronutrient

27. Impact Evaluations (effectiveness)
• Randomized controlled trials to estimate outcome (adoption
and intake) and impact (reduction of micronutrient deficiencies
and improvement in health outcomes among target
populations)

28. Partnerships in M&E for better CAADP monitoring