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Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Investigations into Magnetic Gold D. D. Jackson  et al. , PRB  74 , 174401, 2006 This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California Livermore, CA 94550 Damon D Jackson Chantel Aracne Sam T. Weir Wei Qiu Joel D. Griffith Yogesh Vohra University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Physics Birmingham, AL 35294 Jason Jeffries * Brian Maple University of California, San Diego Department of Physics San Diego, CA 92093 * Now at LLNL
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetic Phase Diagram Au 4 V Au - 20% V
Electrical Resistivity of Metals
Electrical Resistivity vs Temperature for Metals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ρ( T )=ρ 0 +ρ electrons ( T )+ρ phonons ( T ) ρ( T )=ρ 0  +  a T 2  + b T 5   + c T Typical Metallic Behavior
Good Metals with Magnetic Impurities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetic Impurities cause ρ( T )to increase at low  T Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964
Kondo Effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kondo Effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ziman, “Electrons and Phonons”
Kondo’s Theory of the Resistance Minima ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Kondo Resistance Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979 T K  ≈ T F   exp(-1/|  J N ( E F ) | ) ρ spin ( T )=Δρ( T )=ρ imp ( T ) - ρ host ( T ) Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964
Kondo’s Theory of the Resistance Minima ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Kondo Resistance Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979 T K  ≈ T F   exp(-1/|  J N ( E F ) | ) ρ spin ( T )=Δρ( T )=ρ imp ( T ) - ρ host ( T ) Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964
Kondo’s Theory of the Resistance Minima ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Example ρ( T ) for Various  T K Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979 T K  ≈ T F   exp(-1/|  J N ( E F ) | ) ρ spin ( T )=Δρ( T )=ρ imp ( T ) - ρ host ( T ) Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964
Kondo Under Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979 T K  ≈ T F   exp(-1/|  J N ( E F ) | ) Kondo Resistance with Pressure
Kondo Under Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetic Exchange with Pressure Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979 T K  ≈ T F   exp(-1/|  J N ( E F ) | )
Electrical Resistivity of Au-V Alloys
Electrical Resistivity of Au-V Alloys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Au-V Resistance Kondo Resistance ρ spin ( T )=Δρ( T )=ρ Au-V ( T ) - ρ Au ( T )
Kondo Behavior in Au-V Alloys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kondo Behavior in Au-V Alloys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kondo Behavior in Au-V Alloys ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],dT K /d P ≈ 6.5 K/GPa
Au-V Kondo Behavior Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Au-V Kondo Behavior Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ziman, “Electrons and Phonons”
Au-V Kondo Behavior Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Schilling, Adv. Phys.  28 , 657, 1979
Au-V Kondo Behavior Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],T K  vs P for Au-0.5%V
Au 4 V and its properties
Discovery of Ferromagnetism in Ordered Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],L. Creveling et al., Phys Rev. Lett.,  18 , 851 (1967)
Discovery of Ferromagnetism in Ordered Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetization of Au 4 V L. Creveling et al., Phys Rev. Lett.,  18 , 851 (1967)
Discovery of Ferromagnetism in Ordered Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Curie-Weiss behavior of Au 4 V L. Creveling et al., Phys Rev. Lett.,  18 , 851 (1967)
Crystal Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],•   Gold crystal structure is the basis for Au-V alloys •   fcc (F m-3m ) •   a=4.08 Å
Crystal Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],•   Gold crystal structure is the basis for Au-V alloys •   fcc (F m-3m ) •   a=4.08 Å
X-Ray Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Angle Dispersive XRD Energy Dispersive XRD
EOS for Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Au 4 V EOS
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Diamond Anvil Cell: The tool for ultra-high pressure research DAC capabilities are limited for electrical transport, magnetic properties, etc.
Designer Diamond Anvils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],60-250 µm 4-12 µm
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1st Step: Lithography onto Diamond Anvils Electrical Contact Pads
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2nd Step: Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition Yogesh Vohra, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham  Plasma Heated Substrate (1000 C) Diamond Growth H 2 CH 4 Microwave Power
[object Object],3rd Step: Polishing rate of diamond nucleation and growth on clean metal films is low electrical contact pads
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Designer Diamond Anvil Fabrication 300 µm
Broad Range of Techniques 300 µm I I I I I I V Heating element in operation at ≈10 GPa Electrical Resistivity Magnetic Susceptibility Internal Ohmic Heating 10   m
Electrical Resistance of Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],M.B. Maple et al., Phys. Lett. A,  25 , 121 (1967)
Au 4 V Resistivity Under Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],G.Y. Chin et al., Solid State Comm.,  6 , 153 (1968)
T C  vs Pressure Phase Diagram ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetic Phase Diagram
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Review of Experimental Results
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Review of Experimental Results
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Review of Experimental Results
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Review of Experimental Results
Theoretical Description of Au 4 V Ferromagnetism
Kondo Coupling ⇔  T C  increase ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],✓ ✓ ✓ ≈  -1.8 d ln T K /d ln V  ≈ -7
Kondo Coupling ⇔  T C  increase ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ≈  -1.8 ≈  -5.3 d ln T K /d ln V  ≈ -7 d ln T C /d ln V  ≈ -9.9 ?
Structure and Magnetism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Nearest Neighbors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Must Account for Structure Changes d ln z /d ln V  ≈ -7 d ln T K /d ln V  ≈ -7 d ln T C /d ln V  ≈ -9.9 d ln| J|/d ln V  ≈ -1.8 ℐ  ∝  N ( E F )  J 2 Au-0.5%V Au 4 V
Must Account for Structure Changes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],d ln| J|/d ln V  ≈ -1.8 d ln z /d ln V  ≈ -7 d ln T C /d ln V  ≈ -9.9 Au 4 V •   P ( z =3.6) = 21 GPa
Must Account for Structure Changes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Au 4 V Phase Diagram •   P ( z =3.6) = 21 GPa
Structure- Dependent Ferromagnetism in Au 4 V
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Au-.5%V Kondo Behavior
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Au-.5%V Kondo Behavior
Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],T K  vs P for Au-0.5%V
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Au 4 V Crystal Structure
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure bct to fcc Transformation
Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Magnetic Phase Diagram
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Au 4 V Phase Diagram Au 4 V Au - 20% V
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Au 4 V Phase Diagram Au 4 V Au - 20% V
 
Discovery of Ferromagnetism in Ordered Au 4 V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],L. Creveling et al., Phys Rev. Lett.,  18 , 851 (1967) G.Y. Chin et al., Solid St. Comm.,  6 , 153 (1968) High T suggests local moment picture ( S =1/2) and low T suggests itinerant ferromagnetic picture
S =1/2 moment at V site ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],H.L. Luo et al., Phys. Lett. A,  28 , 740 (1967) R.L. Cohen et al., Phys. Rev.,  188 , 684 (1969) G. Kido et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater.,  31-34 , 283 (1983) V has  S =1/2 local moment as long as nearest neighbors are Au
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Designer Diamond Anvils D.D. Jackson et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum.,  74 , 2467 (2003) diamond-encapsulated probes remain functional to multi-Mbar pressures
Designer Diamond Anvils for Electrical Resistivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kondo’s Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964
Kondo’s Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964 Exchange Interaction
Kondo’s Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964 Spin due to the Magnetic Impurity
Kondo’s Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964 Spin Density of Host Metal Conduction Electrons
Kondo’s Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Jun Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys.  32 , 37, 1964 Scattering Potential

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Magnetic Gold; Structure Dependent Ferromagnetism in Au4V

  • 1. Structure-dependent ferromagnetism in Au 4 V studied under high pressure Investigations into Magnetic Gold D. D. Jackson et al. , PRB 74 , 174401, 2006 This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California Livermore, CA 94550 Damon D Jackson Chantel Aracne Sam T. Weir Wei Qiu Joel D. Griffith Yogesh Vohra University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Physics Birmingham, AL 35294 Jason Jeffries * Brian Maple University of California, San Diego Department of Physics San Diego, CA 92093 * Now at LLNL
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  • 22. Au 4 V and its properties
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  • 36. Broad Range of Techniques 300 µm I I I I I I V Heating element in operation at ≈10 GPa Electrical Resistivity Magnetic Susceptibility Internal Ohmic Heating 10  m
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  • 44. Theoretical Description of Au 4 V Ferromagnetism
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  • 57. Must Account for Structure Changes d ln z /d ln V ≈ -7 d ln T K /d ln V ≈ -7 d ln T C /d ln V ≈ -9.9 d ln| J|/d ln V ≈ -1.8 ℐ ∝ N ( E F ) J 2 Au-0.5%V Au 4 V
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