1. The document discusses the Magna Carta signed in 1215 by King John of England, which limited the king's power for the first time and established rights for nobles. 2. It forced King John to agree that nobles could not be imprisoned or taxed without cause, and established the creation of a council of advisors known as Parliament. 3. The Magna Carta paved the way for a new form of government in England and limited the power of future monarchs, establishing principles of law that still influence legal systems today.

1. Chapter 5, Section 4 Kings and Popes

2. KEY TERMS Chapter 5.4

3. Nation Where have you heard the term nation? … one nation under god, with liberty and justice for all

4. Magna Carta

5. Parliament Pronounced Par La ment

6. Kings gain Power As feudalism declines, power shifts from feudal lords, to kings. Kings become main authority in their kingdom. Common language and culture gives rise to Nations

7. NATION Your book defines a nation as a community that shares a government. A more in-depth definition would be Nation : A relatively large group of people organized under a single, usually independent government; a country

8. England’s Government - Monarchy King John of England (1155-1216)

9. King John King John was one of the villains in Robin Hood. He is referred to as Prince John in many versions including Disney’s Robin Hood. Something King John did affects our lives still today.

10. The nobles revolted

11. YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS DATE 1215 I WILL NOT REQUIRE YOU TO KNOW THE MONTH AND DAY BUT FOR THE FIRST TIME THIS YEAR YOU MUST KNOW THE YEAR

12. In 1215, Nobles demand a meeting with the King Never before had anyone successfully demanded anything of the King. As in Robin Hood, King John taxes the people heavily, takes church property and is very harsh to his people

13. King John Is Unpopular

14. MAGNA CARTA King John is forced to sign The Magna Carta. The Magna Carta (Great Document) is the first time a King’s powers have been limited by the law of the land.

15. Magna Carta The Magna Carta is the first document which states the rights of the people These rights include: Nobles cannot be jailed without cause Nobles cannot be taxed without consent or representation Creation of a council of advisors ( Parliament)

16. Parliament The Magna Carta paved the way for a new form of government, Parliament. For the first time, people had a say in the government besides the King. England (Great Britain/United Kingdom) still has a monarch today (Queen Elizabeth) but their power has been limited since the Magna Carta.

17. How Does The Magna Carta effect us today?

18. Basis of English and United States law as well as the Bill of Rights

19. Hundred Years’ War

20. I. 1337-1453 – War between France and England over control of each others throne - Fought mainly in France

21. How long did the Hundred Years War Last? Started 1338 Ended 1453 115 YEARS

22. 1. Joan of Arc – 1429 – a French peasant girl believed God had told her free France from England

23. A. Joan of Arc led the French army into battle and won the Battle at Orleans, freeing France from England

24. B. Later she was captured in battle and tried for being a heretic (someone whose beliefs went against those of the Catholic Church)

25. A. RESULT – Weakened church even further C. She was condemned as a witch and a heretic (she claimed to hear voices). She was tied to a stake and burned to death.

26. 2. French knights were helpless against the longbow during the Hundred Years’ War. This brought an end to the power/prestige of knights and the Age of Chivalry

27. Results of the Hundred Years’ War – •decrease in chivalry and knighthood due to longbow

28. Results of the Hundred Years’ War – •increase in French power – monarchy

29. Results of the Hundred Years’ War – •Created a feeling of nationalism (a sense of loyalty and pride in one’s country) in France

30. The end of the Hundred Years’ War (1453) is considered the end of the Middle Ages. It is the end of: Age of Chivalry Age of Faith Age of Feudalism

31. Three-Field System Fallow Fallow Fallow

32. CAUSE EFFECT Invention of the Longbow

33. Early Middle Ages (500-1000) Later Middle Ages (1000-1500) 7 Characteristics 7 Characteristics