the important PowerPoint for teacher

1. Drilling Machine…

2. Drilling
• Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the
work-piece by using a rotating cutter called DRILL.
• The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.
• The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe
in which the drill is held in tailstock and the work is held
by the chuck.
• The most common drill used is the twist drill.

4. Tool Nomenclature
‫الذنب‬
‫الرقب‬
‫ة‬
‫العامل‬ ‫الجزء‬
‫الحلزون‬ ‫زاوية‬

5. ‫أاللتوائي‬ ‫المثقب‬
‫ل‬ ‫الحلزوني‬ ‫المسار‬ ‫تقابل‬ ‫من‬ ‫المثقب‬ ‫في‬ ‫الحلزون‬ ‫زاوية‬ ‫تنشأ‬
‫قاطع‬
‫الجرف‬ ‫زاوية‬ ‫مقدار‬ ‫تحدد‬ ‫وهي‬ ‫المثقب‬ ‫محور‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الحلزون‬ ‫جانبي‬
‫الرئيس‬ ‫القاطع‬ ‫على‬
‫نمط‬
H
‫الصلبة‬ ‫للمواد‬
(
10°
-
(13°
‫نمط‬
N
‫االعتيادية‬ ‫للمواد‬
(
26°
-
(30°
‫نمط‬
W
‫اللينة‬ ‫للمواد‬
(
35°
-
(40°
‫الحلزون‬ ‫زاوية‬
‫المالئمة‬ ‫األنماط‬ ‫اختيار‬ ‫يجب‬
‫ثقب‬ ‫المطلوب‬ ‫المشغولة‬ ‫لنوعية‬
‫ها‬

6. Sensitive Drilling Machine
• Drill holes
from 1.5 to
15mm
• Operator
senses the
cutting
action so
sensitive
drilling
machine
Drilling Machine Types

7. Up-Right Drilling Machine
• Drill holes
upto
50mm
• Table can
move
vertically
and
radially

8. Radial Drilling Machine
• It the
largest and
most
versatile
used fro
drilling
medium to
large and
heavy work
pieces.

9. Radial arm drill press.
A radial arm drill press is a large geared head drill press
in which the head can be moved along an arm that
radiates from the machine's column. As it is possible to
swing the arm relative to the machine's base, a radial
arm drill press is able to operate over a large area
without having to reposition the workpiece. The size of
work that can be handled may be considerable, as the
arm can swing out of the way of the table, allowing an
overhead crane to place a bulky piece on the table or
base. A vise may be used with a radial arm drill press,
but more often the workpiece is secured directly to the
table or base, or is held in a fixture. Power spindle feed
is nearly universal with these machines and coolant
systems are common. The biggest radial arm drill
presses are able to drill holes as large as (101.6
millimeters) in diameter.

10. Drill Materials
The two most common types are
1. HSS drill
- Low cost
2. Carbide- tipped drills
- high production and in CNC
machines
Other types are
Solid Carbide drill, TiN coated drills, carbide
coated masonry drills, parabolic drills, split point
drill

11. Drilling And Drills
Types of drills
– Twist drill: most
common drill
– Step drill:
produces holes
of two or more
different
diameters
– Core drill: used
to make an
existing hole
bigger

12. Tool Holding devices
• The different methods used for holding drill
in a drill spindle are
• By directly fitting in the spindle hole.
• By using drill sleeve
• By using drill socket
• By using drill chuck

13. Work Holding Devices

14. Drilling operations
• Operations that can be performed in a
drillin g machine are
 Drilling
 Reaming
 Boring
 Counter boring
 Countersinking
 Tapping

15. Operations in drilling machine

16. Operations in drilling machine

17. Types of cutters
Reamers :-
Multi tooth cutting tool
Accurate way of sizing and finishing the pre-
existing hole.
Accuracy of 0.005mm can be achieved
Boring Tool:-
Single point cutting tool.
Boring tool is held in the boring bar which has
the shank.
Accuracy of 0.005mm can be achieved.

18. Types of cutters
Countersinks :-
Special angled cone shaped enlargement at the
end of the hole
Cutting edges at the end of conical surface.
Cone angles of 60°, 82°, 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°
Counter Bore Tool:-
Special cutters uses a pilot to guide the cutting
action .
Accommodates the heads of bolts.

19. Counter bore and spot facing

20. Types of cutters
Combined Countersinks and central drill :-
Special drilling tool to start the hole accurately.
At the end it makes countersinks in the work
piece.
Gun drill :-
Machining of lengthy holes with less feed rates.
To overcome the heating and short life of the
normal drill tool

21. Types of cutters
Tapping:-
For cutting internal thread
Multi cutting edge tool.
Tapping is performed
either by hand or by
machine.
Minor dia of the thread is
drilled and then tapping is
done.

22. Work Holding Devices
• 1. Machine Table
Vice
‫المشغولة‬ ‫تثبت‬
:
-
‫الصغيرة‬ ‫المناجل‬
-
‫حرف‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫على‬ ‫الكتل‬
V
-
‫المسامير‬
-
‫المعدنية‬ ‫الشرائح‬
-
‫الزاوية‬ ‫األلواح‬
‫عدم‬ ‫بسبب‬ ‫الثقب‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫الحذر‬ ‫يجب‬
‫القمط‬
‫ع‬ ‫يترتب‬ ‫حيث‬ ‫للمشغولة‬ ‫السليم‬
‫كسر‬ ‫ليه‬
‫األصابع‬ ‫تقطع‬ ‫قد‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الثقب‬ ‫أداة‬

23. • Step Blocks
• Clamps
• V-Blocks
• Angles
• Jigs
• T- Slots Bolt
Work Holding Devices

24. ‫عالمات‬ ‫وضع‬
‫الشنكرة‬
‫الثقو‬ ‫مكان‬ ‫تحدد‬ ‫عالمة‬ ‫وضع‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫التثقيب‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫في‬
‫المراد‬ ‫ب‬
‫عم‬ ‫المطلوب‬ ‫الدقة‬ ‫على‬ ‫العالمات‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫دقة‬ ‫وتعتمد‬ ‫عملها‬
‫ل‬
‫الثقوب‬
‫بها‬
‫المشغولة‬ ‫في‬
‫عملية‬ ‫تصبح‬ ‫متشابهة‬ ‫أجزاء‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫ثقب‬ ‫عند‬ ‫لكن‬
‫الشنكر‬
‫ة‬
‫غير‬
‫ال‬ ‫لقيادة‬ ‫تشغيل‬ ‫أدلة‬ ‫وتستخدم‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫وغير‬ ‫اقتصادية‬
‫إلى‬ ‫مثقب‬
‫عالية‬ ‫بدقة‬ ‫المناسب‬ ‫المكان‬
(
‫في‬ ‫التطور‬ ‫مع‬
‫المثاقب‬
‫الح‬
‫يتم‬ ‫ديثة‬
‫مثقاب‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫آليا‬ ‫الثقوب‬ ‫مراكز‬ ‫تحديد‬
CNC
)

25. ‫العميقة‬ ‫الثقوب‬ ‫تشغيل‬
‫طولها‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫بالعميقة‬ ‫الثقوب‬ ‫توصف‬
(
‫عمقها‬
)
‫قطره‬ ‫أمثال‬ ‫خمسة‬ ‫من‬ ‫أكبر‬
‫ا‬
.
‫مثل‬ ‫الثقوب‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫تشغيل‬ ‫تقابل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الصعوبات‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫وتوجد‬
:
1
-
‫نتيجة‬ ‫وذلك‬ ‫المركز‬ ‫عن‬ ‫المثقب‬ ‫ابتعاد‬ ‫قابلية‬
:
•
‫والمثقاب‬ ‫للمشغولة‬ ‫النسبية‬ ‫الحركة‬
–
‫قانون‬ ‫فهناك‬
‫ميكانكي‬
‫زاد‬ ‫كلما‬
‫العمق‬
–
‫الحقيقي‬ ‫المحور‬ ‫عن‬ ‫االنحراف‬ ‫زاد‬
.
‫بدوران‬ ‫الحالة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫على‬ ‫التغلب‬ ‫ويمكن‬
‫المشغولة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫متعاكس‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫المثقاب‬
.
•
‫الثقب‬ ‫بداية‬
.
‫المطلوب‬ ‫القطر‬ ‫من‬ ‫أقل‬ ‫بقطر‬ ‫البدء‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫حيث‬
.
•
‫الخامة‬ ‫جودة‬
.
‫المتجانسة‬ ‫غير‬ ‫المواد‬ ‫مثل‬
(
‫المطروق‬ ‫الحديد‬
)
‫من‬ ‫غير‬ ‫يعتبر‬
‫اسب‬
‫العميقة‬ ‫للثقوب‬
(
‫لذى‬
‫متجانسة‬ ‫خامات‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫يجب‬
)
2
-
‫خروج‬ ‫صعوبة‬
‫الرايش‬
3
-
‫التبريد‬ ‫لغرض‬ ‫القاطع‬ ‫الحد‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫التبريد‬ ‫سائل‬ ‫وصول‬ ‫صعوبة‬

26. Drill cutting parameters: Definitions
• Cutting Speed (v):-
It’s the peripheral speed of the drill
v = *D*N/1000 m/min where
D = dia of the drill in m
N = Speed of rotation in rpm
Feed Rate (f):-
It’s the movement of drill along the axis (rpm)
Depth of Cut (d):-
The distance from the machined surface to the drill
axis
d = D / 2

27. ‫التغذية‬
:
Fees
‫التي‬ ‫المسافة‬
‫تتحركها‬
‫البنطة‬
‫دورة‬ ‫كل‬ ‫من‬ ‫بالمليمتر‬
‫للبنطة‬
‫ويمك‬
‫التعبير‬ ‫ن‬
‫عنها‬
:
F=Sr X N
‫حيث‬
F
=
‫الدقيقة‬ ‫في‬ ‫التغذية‬
Sr
=
‫دورة‬ ‫لكل‬ ‫التغذية‬
N
=
‫الدقيقة‬ ‫في‬ ‫الدورات‬ ‫عدد‬

28. Material Removal Rate:-
It’s the volume of material removed by the drill per
unit time
MRR = ( D2 / 4) * f * N mm3 / min
Machining Time (T) :-
It depends upon the length (l) of the hole to be
drilled , to the Speed (N) and feed (f) of the drill
t = L / f N min

29. safety measures for drilling machine
• Lubrication is important to remove heat
and friction.
• Machines should be cleaned after use
• Chips should be removed using brush.
• T-slots, grooves, spindles sleeves, belts,
pulley should be cleaned.
• Machines should be lightly oiled to prevent
from rusting

30. Safety protection
• Do not support the work piece by hand – use
work holding device.
• Use brush to clean the chip
• No adjustments while the machine is operating
• Ensure for the cutting tools running straight
before starting the operation.
• Never place tools on the drilling table
• Avoid loose clothing and protect the eyes.
• Ease the feed if drill breaks inside the work
piece.