This document summarizes key chapters from part 1 and 2 of the Turabian Manual for Writers. It discusses chapters on revising sentences, learning from returned papers, presenting research in alternative forums, the spirit of research, general introduction to citation practices, notes-bibliography style, author-date style, spelling, punctuation, names and titles, numbers, and abbreviations. The document aims to critically examine these chapters and highlight areas that could enhance the learner's ability to master source citation and writing style.

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Euclid Response Paper
Student Name: Luke Swem Beba
Student Country: Nigeria
Program Code: ACA-401
Course Code or Name: International Academic and Professional Paper Writing
Period 4
Professor / Assigned Tutor: Professor Laurent Cleenewerck
This page uses ☐ US English (for spelling, punctuation rules and formatting of
references).
The Rule of Style is: Turabian
Note: This document is in US letter (“8.5”x11”” format)
The Turabian, Chapters 11-26
1) Introduction
This section of chapters 11 to 26 comprises of 56 pages. It is a continuation of the
Kate L Turabian Manual for Writers. The first four (4) chapters – 11-14 are ending
chapters to Part I, while chapters 15-19 fall within Part II which is based on source
citation. And then Part III dwells on Style. Here, I shall attempt to critically fish out the
major areas that could quickly enhance the learner’s ability to master source citation. I
shall x-ray (1) the introduction to citation practices, (2) notes-bibliography style: the
basic form, (3) notes-bibliography style: citing specific types of sources, (4) author-date
style: the basic form, (5) author-date style: citing specific types of sources, (6) Spelling,
(7) punctuation, (8) names, special terms, and titles of works, (10) numbers, (11)
abbreviations, (12) quotations, (13) tables and figures, and finally (14) appendix: paper
format and submission.
2) CHAPTER ELEVEN: Revising Sentences
This chapter suggests to me precision in constructing my sentences and making them
as clear as my ideas allow. It allows a revision of my sentences when I have become
overburdened in my thoughts and can no longer apply distinction and expression of ideas.
Getting into the subject of my sentence quickly could help my readers to
immediately comprehend the idea of my subject matter.

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My proficiency in applying my noun, verb, active verb, passive verb, whole subject,
simple subject, main clause, subordinate clause can help in simplifying a better and
quicker comprehension to the reader.
3) CHAPTER TWELVE: Learning from your Returned
Paper
This Chapter has awakened my consciousness to the importance of going through
my work after corrections have been effected by my supervisor or teacher. In many
circumstances I am simply encouraged or discouraged by the scores earned and would
not border to understand the reasons for the pass or failure the teacher has awarded me.
Again, effecting corrections of spelling, grammatical errors and the use of tenses or
phrases can perfect my future writing endeavor. It means that I must take my teacher’s
comments seriously.
4) CHAPTER THIRTHEENTH: Presenting Research in
Alternative Forums
In a research presentation, I must place a distinction between listeners and readers.
And this gives me a clue into alternatives to presenting research in other form other than
written.
My ability to stand up and talk about my work clearly and cogently demands my
skills and ability hence it becomes crucial in my career pursuit. Other than written
presentation, oral presentation alternative has a huge advantage over writing hence; I may
get immediate feedback during the question-and-answer period afterward, responses that
may be less severely critical than they would be to my written work, especially if I frame
my presentation as only auditioning new ideas or testing new data.
So, when I am speaking I have to be explicit about my purpose and my organization,
and if I am reading a paper, I have to make my sentence structure far simpler than in a
written report.
5) CHAPTER FOURTHEENTH: On the Spirit of Research
Finally in this section which concludes the end of part 1, I have learnt the importance
of the spirit of research as that which draws my intuition, emotion, and spiritual insight to
action.
It is a clear truth that the truths of research and how I reach them must be available
for public study. We base research claims on evidence available to everyone and on
principles of reasoning that we hope our readers accept as sound.
Consequently, to arrive at successes in my research work, I must abide by the spirit
of research and the principles thereof, hence, placing myself into the mind of my readers
and those for which the research is meant to impart some benefits on their developmental
life.

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6) CHAPTER FIFTHEENTH: General Introduction to
Citation Practices
My first duty as a researcher is to get the facts right. My second duty is to tell readers
where the facts came from. Therefore, I must cite the sources of the facts, or words that I
use in my paper.
There are reasons why I cite my sources and they are contained in the following: (1)
to give credit to the author and my hard work, (2) to assure my readers about the accuracy
of my facts, (3) to show readers the research tradition that informs my work, (4) to help
my readers follow or extend my research.
Consequently, I must not appear to take credit for work that is not my own, hence,
proper citation guards me against the charge of plagiarism, and also strengthens my
argument and assists others who want to build on my work.
7) CHAPTER SIXTHEENTH: Notes-Bibliography Style:
The Basic Form
To get my citations right, I must pay close attention to many minute-to-minute
details that few researchers can easily remember.
This chapter specifies different patterns and templates for and examples of several
common types of sources. For example; single author or editor, multiple authors,
author(s) plus editor or translator, edition number, single chapter in an edited book,
journal article in print, and journal article online, etc.
Also the chapter outlined different types of bibliographies such as; selected
bibliography, single-author bibliography, and annotated bibliography.
In the same vein, various forms of Notes are specified such as; footnotes versus
endnotes, referencing notes in text, numbering notes, formatting notes, and complex
notes.
8) CHAPTER SEVENTHEENTH: Notes-Bibliography
Style: Citing Specific Types of Sources
This chapter helps me to understand some detailed information on the form of notes
and bibliography entries for a wide range of sources. It starts with the most commonly
cited sources – books and journal articles. The sections on books (17.1) and journal
articles (17.2) discuss variations in such elements as authors’ names and titles of works in
greater depth than sections on less common sources.
Furthermore, this information spans in-depth to explain citation of magazine articles,
newspaper articles, additional types of published sources like: classical, medieval, and
early English literary works, the bible and other sacred works, reference works, reviews,
abstracts, pamphlets and reports, microform editions, CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs, and
online collections, etc.

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Moreso, unpublished sources such as: theses and dissertations, lectures and papers
presented at meetings, interviews and personal communications, and manuscript
collections.
The chapter further treated websites, blogs, social networks, and discussion groups’
citation. Also sources in the visual and performing arts, public documents, and finally,
one source quoted in another, etc.
9) CHAPTER EIGHTEENTH: Author-Date Style: The
Basic Form
Just like in chapters 16 and 17, chapter 18 covers some similarities except that in the
formal the attention is given to Notes-Bibliography Style which in the latter attention is
shifted to Author-Date Style thereby drawing the differences on the formal based on
citations in bibliography entries, full notes, shortened notes, and parenthetical notes.
While the latter is closed down on reference list entries and parenthetical citations, etc.
10) CHAPTER NINTHEENTH: Spelling
This chapter offers to me guidelines for spellings not found in most dictionaries. It
recommends to me the most reliable authority for spelling; the Webster’s Third New
International Dictionary or its abridged eleventh edition of Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate
Dictionary.
The chapter also discourages me on total reliance on the Word Processors spell-
checker as it is not a substitute for a good dictionary and careful proofreading and it
proposes to me to model my spelling on American usage and be consistent, except in
quotations, where I should usually follow the original spelling exactly.
11) CHAPTER TWENTY: Punctuation
This chapter offers me general guidelines for punctuation in the text of my paper. It
also instructed me that some rules in punctuation are clear-cut, but others are not, so I
often have to depend on my sound judgment and a good ear. Consequently, special
elements such as abbreviations, quotations, and source citations have their own
guidelines for punctuation. So, as a student of the department of Comparative Christian
Theology at the EUCLID UNIVERSITY, if I writing a theses or dissertation, I must first
consult with my department or university if there are some specific requirements for
punctuation.
12) CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: Names, Special Terms,
and Titles of Works
Here again I am presented with a gainful use of names, special terms, and titles of
works especially as it concerns the use of capital letters, quotation marks or italic type to
set off words, phrases, or titles. But again the chapter advised that consulting my school
department or university which may have specific requirements for presenting names,

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special terms, and titles takes precedence over the guidelines suggested here in the
chapter.
13) CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: Numbers
Numbering heavily depends on the kind of discipline appropriate to it. Either in the
field of humanities and social science or discipline that deals with numerical data the
chapter informed me to follow the conventions of the discipline.
14) CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: Abbreviations
Abbreviations are generally accepted in all forms of writings either in academic or
non-academic writing. However, this chapter has clearly made me to note that the use of
abbreviations should be sparingly used in texts because they can make my writing seem
either too informal or too technical.
15) CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: Quotations
Quotations are very important in my work because they help in building up the body
of my thesis as well as diversifying my opinions in other forms. However, quoting from a
source is just one of several options for representing the work of others in my paper. So,
the ethics of scholarship requires that whenever I quote words or rely on tables, graphics,
or data from another source, I must clearly indicate what I borrowed and from where I
borrowed it, using the appropriate citation style.
16) CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE: Tables and Figures
This chapter is helpful to note that many research papers use tables and figures to
present data. And from my common knowledge of statistic, tables are grids consisting of
columns and rows that present numerical or verbal facts by categories. While figures
include charts, graphs, diagrams, photographs, maps, musical examples, drawings, and
other images.
It also helps me to be aware that my choice in representing data in a table, either in a
chart, or in a graph, will affect how my readers respond to my data. Hence, this chapter
focuses on how to construct the particular form I choose, looking specifically at tables
and two types of figures – charts and graphs.
17) CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX: Appendix: Paper
Format and submission
Finally, I have come to the end of my dissertation analysis with a chapter that
teaches me how to finally arrange my paper and submit to my supervisor. Here is the tail
rope that would leave my hands into the supervisor’s hands for approval. Therefore, I
must abide by the requirements of proper formatting of the work by looking at the
essentials like: margins, typeface (font), spacing, indentation, pagination, and titles.