Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
Kath-khuni architecture of Himachal Pradesh, IndiaMansi Shah
This presentation gives an overview about kath-khuni construction practice prevalent in Himachal Pradesh. More information about the same is available in the book "Prathaa: Kath-khuni architecture of Himachal Pradesh"
http://mansi-shah.weebly.com/book.html
by Mansi Shah- Adjunct Assistant Professor at CEPT University
It's case study report of the street study of Indore's 5-star hotel sayaji main road, m.p.This work is done me and my colleagues in the academic semester.
Architecture involves use of various different construction materials that require a unique constructiontechnique. But most of these construction techniques are energy intensive techniques.
Mud construction system is less energy intensive and very effective in different climatic conditions.
Earth is one of man's oldest building materials and most ancient civilizations used it in some form. It was easily available, cheap, and strong and required only simple technology.
this presentation defines about mud house what are its benefits and what challenges are faced it also describes the different techniques used in making mud house
Kath-khuni architecture of Himachal Pradesh, IndiaMansi Shah
This presentation gives an overview about kath-khuni construction practice prevalent in Himachal Pradesh. More information about the same is available in the book "Prathaa: Kath-khuni architecture of Himachal Pradesh"
http://mansi-shah.weebly.com/book.html
by Mansi Shah- Adjunct Assistant Professor at CEPT University
It's case study report of the street study of Indore's 5-star hotel sayaji main road, m.p.This work is done me and my colleagues in the academic semester.
Architecture involves use of various different construction materials that require a unique constructiontechnique. But most of these construction techniques are energy intensive techniques.
Mud construction system is less energy intensive and very effective in different climatic conditions.
Earth is one of man's oldest building materials and most ancient civilizations used it in some form. It was easily available, cheap, and strong and required only simple technology.
this presentation defines about mud house what are its benefits and what challenges are faced it also describes the different techniques used in making mud house
Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.
Earth Homes Builders specializes in constructing innovative and sustainable earth homes. With their expertise in earth-based construction techniques and commitment to environmental harmony, they create dwellings that prioritize sustainability and offer a unique connection to nature.
The purpose of writing this paper is to understand the viability of a material like mud in contemporary time, as I had
a question that is it viable to think that mud is contemporary material or not, it was the only available building material in the
history, Even today it is available in many areas of world and people do build their dwelling using it, but when the modern
materials were introduced such as reinforced concrete, steel, and bricks. These materials triumphed over it. Keeping the
question in mind, I decided to investigate mud wall construction techniques. To explore the idea, I have gone through different
books and articles. So keeping it in mind, I decided to comparative analysis of mud wall construction techniques and some
perception.
The term “Vernacular architecture” in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building .
Vernacular architecture has been growing over time with continuities changes, transformations and adaptations to the different social and economic conditions of each period.
A photo update of the UK-Aid (DFID) funded shelter project in Southern Sindh, helping around 50,000 families rebuild their homes that were destroyed in flooding during heavy rains August-September, 2011.
ALTERNATIVE BUILDING TECHNIQUE - EARTH (USE OF EARTH AS A MATERIAL)Ar. Anuj Kumar Maurya
Earth, or soil, is a naturally occurring material that is composed of minerals, organic matter, air, and water. It is a versatile and valuable resource that has been used by humans for a variety of purposes throughout history.
One of the primary uses of earth is for agriculture. Soil provides the nutrients and support necessary for plant growth, and is the foundation of most agricultural systems. Earth is also used in construction, where it can be mixed with other materials to create building foundations, walls, and floors. In addition, earth can be shaped and molded to create earthen structures such as adobe houses, earthen ovens, and other types of buildings.
Earth has also been used for centuries in traditional medicine and healing practices. Some cultures believe that earth has healing properties and can be used for medicinal purposes, such as in clay masks for skin care or for poultices to treat wounds and infections.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of earth as a sustainable and eco-friendly building material. Techniques such as rammed earth construction and compressed earth block construction are gaining popularity as people look for ways to build more sustainably and reduce their environmental impact.
Overall, earth is a valuable resource that has been used in countless ways throughout history, and continues to be an important material for agriculture, construction, and other purposes.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
1. SEM
SCALE
DATE
SHEET NO.
10 - 03 - 2018
1:500
COLLEGE
SUBJECT
CLASS
R.NO.
613 - LOW COST BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES.
SOUMITRA SMARTNAME
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CIDCO, AURANGABAD.
20213220171703210006
M-ARCH - GENERAL
2nd
SEMESTER
EARTH ARCHITECTURE7
Mud, a mixture of earth and water, is economical, practical,
functional and attractive. It is easy to work with, and it takes
decoration as well. Mud is especially useful in humid and hot
climates. Mud is a natural building material that is found in
abundance, especially where other building materials such as
bricks, stone or wood are scarce due to affordability and or
availability. The mud architecture is a great resource that focuses
on architecture constructed of mud brick, rammed earth,
compressed earth block and other methods of earthen
construction. The proliferation of concept to use mud and
improved techniques in order to raise the level of living in the
population is a very welcome idea. This can go a long way not
only in the form of changing the look of population centers, rural
as well as urban, but also in solving environmental problems and
problems related to energy and other finite resources.
Various reasons for using mud as a construction material is
described below:
Energy Consumption
In mud construction, minimum fossil fuel energy is consumed and
is naturally abundant throughout the world, where as in brick
construction fossil energy is consumed for manufacturing process
and transportation.
Recycling
Recycling of modern materials for building construction is
expensive. Recycling of soil does not need fossil fuel and labour
requirement is also less. The characteristic of recycled soil for
construction remains the same whereas in modern building
material it acquires inferior character after recycling.
Abundance
The abundance availability of soil in large areas helps the
economically weaker section of the society to afford the mud
construction. It is easily adaptable and the technology can be
transferred easily.
Housing demand
A huge deficit of housing demand in urban and rural areas linked
with limited resources on all fronts make it absolutely essential
that the housing solution have o be best effective, through optimal
and efficient use of all resources of land and building material.
MANIFESTATION OF MUD
Depending on the characteristics of the mud available,
availability of supporting materials and technology used,
different manifestations of mud are used. These include Adobe
or Sun-dried bricks, Cob, Rammed earth, Pressed brick,
Wattle and Daub etc.
Cob:
technique using hand formed lumps if earth mixed with sand
and straw. Cob is easy to learn and inexpensive to build. It
dries to hardness similar to lean concrete. This ancient
mining, nor depend on manufactured materials or power tools.
Cob is non-toxic and completely recyclable. Regular working
windows are embedded in the cob along with their lintels while
the layers are building up. If fixed window is needed we can
use any kind of glass embedded into the cob. Cob houses
have been known to last for centuries.
Adobe: Adobe is a natural building material made from sand,
clay, water and some kind of fibrous or organic material
(sticks, straw and or manure),which the builders shapes into
bricks using frames and dry in sun. Adobe buildings are
similar to cob and mud brick buildings. Adobe structures are
extremely durable, and account for some of the oldest existing
building in the world. In hot climates, compared with wooden
buildings offer significant advantage due to their greater
thermal mass, but they are known to be particularly
susceptible to earthquake damage. Buildings made up of
sun-dried earth are common in the West Asia, Northern Africa,
West Africa, South America, Spain, Eastern Europe and East
Anglia.
Rammed earth: Rammed earth is a technique used in the
building of walls using the raw materials of earth, chalk, lime
and gravel. It is an ancient building method that has seen a
revival in recent years as people seek more sustainable
building materials and natural building methods. Rammed
earth walls are simple to construct, incombustible to water
damage. Traditionally, rammed earth buildings are found in
every continent except Antartica, from the temperate and wet
regions of Northern Europe to semi-dry deserts, mountain
areas and the tropics.
Wattle and Daub : Wattle and daub is a building material
used for making walls, in which a woven lattice of wooden
strips called wattle is daubed with a sticky material usually
made of some combination of wet soil, clay, sand,animal dung
ang straw. It is an important construction material in many
parts of the world. The wattle is made by weaving thin
branches or slats between upright stakes . The wattle may be
made in place to form the whole of a wall. Daub is generally
created from a mixture of certain ingradients from three
categories: binders, aggregates and reinforcement. Binders
hold the mix together and can include clay, lime, chalk dust
and limestone dust. Aggregates give the mix its bulk and
dimensional stablity through mateials such as earth,sand,
crushed chalk and crushed stone.Reinforcement is provided by
staw hair, hay or other fiberous material and helps to hold mix
together as well as to control shrinkage and provide flexibility.
The daub may be mixed by hand or by treading either by
humans or livestock it is then applied to the wattle and
allowed to dry and oftenthen whitewashed to increase its
resistance to rain.
Compressed Earth Blocks: the soil, raw or stabilized , is
slightly moistened, poured into a steel press and then
compressed either with a manual or motorized press. It is
developed from traditional rammed earth. The input of soil
stabilization allowed building higher with thinner walls, which
have a much better compressive strength & water resistance.