This document discusses the rise of connected devices and machine learning. It notes that the number of connected devices is expected to grow from 15 billion in 2015 to 40 billion in 2020. It then covers various machine learning techniques including machine learning on historic data, online learning, neural networks, convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, LSTM networks, and IBM's TrueNorth neural network chip. The document argues that neural networks can learn mathematical functions and algorithms and have outperformed traditional methods for problems like anomaly detection. However, neural networks are also computationally complex.