The document discusses different types of logic gates - inverter, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and exclusive OR (XOR) gates. It provides the truth tables, logic symbols, and logical expressions for each gate. The inverter inverts the input, while AND and NAND gates output 1 only when all inputs are 1. OR and NOR gates output 0 only when all inputs are 0. XOR outputs 1 when only one input is 1, while exclusive NOR (XNOR) outputs 1 when both inputs are the same.
Originally made for a class presentation in SPM Form 5 - Electronics
The logic gate examples are animated. Since GIFs are not supported in SlideShare, the slide can be downloaded from here:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Jeuz1Y9hBZCNMp6JXnb5gC73uiHD-GGR/view?usp=sharing
Originally made for a class presentation in SPM Form 5 - Electronics
The logic gate examples are animated. Since GIFs are not supported in SlideShare, the slide can be downloaded from here:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Jeuz1Y9hBZCNMp6JXnb5gC73uiHD-GGR/view?usp=sharing
Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor prof. Nisha Dhiman(Roorkee College of Engineering) for the continuous support of my Project Orientation Program, for her patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my POP.
AND, OR, NOT, EX-OR, EX-NOR, NAND, NOR Gates with description, truth table, circuiy diagram and universal gate. Conversion of universal gate to basic gates
this presentation explains how data is represented in digital computer. it describes digital logic, logic gates and boolean functions. you can learn how to convert boolean function into logic circuit
CSEC Physics Review - Introduction To Logic GatesKevin Small
www.knowledgescroll.com
This concise presentation is on the topic of Logic Gates.
This is usually a difficult topic to grasp for those studying CSEC Physics and I hope this presentation helps to clarify any misconceptions.
By viewing this presentation you should be able to:
Understand The Basics of Digital Logic Design
Construct Logical Truth Tables
Understand The Operations of the AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR Logic Gates
Here in this slides information about all Logic gates with symbol, circuit and truth tables.
Logic gates are devices that can combine multiple inputs at independent logic levels and come up with an output accordingly. There are many kinds of logic gates, and the distinction lies in that each kind processes the inputs differently, and may give different outputs for the same inputs.
The way the logic gate processes different inputs is given in a truth table for that gate, which lists all the possible combinations of inputs next to their outputs. An example is given for a simple one-input gate with the function of giving the opposite logic level at the output to the one at the input. The inputs are given on the left, and the outputs are on the right. Generally, the inputs are called A, B, C, etc., and the output is labelled Q. In this case, there are only two possible inputs, 1 or 0, but logic gates can have any number of inputs.
Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor prof. Nisha Dhiman(Roorkee College of Engineering) for the continuous support of my Project Orientation Program, for her patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my POP.
AND, OR, NOT, EX-OR, EX-NOR, NAND, NOR Gates with description, truth table, circuiy diagram and universal gate. Conversion of universal gate to basic gates
this presentation explains how data is represented in digital computer. it describes digital logic, logic gates and boolean functions. you can learn how to convert boolean function into logic circuit
CSEC Physics Review - Introduction To Logic GatesKevin Small
www.knowledgescroll.com
This concise presentation is on the topic of Logic Gates.
This is usually a difficult topic to grasp for those studying CSEC Physics and I hope this presentation helps to clarify any misconceptions.
By viewing this presentation you should be able to:
Understand The Basics of Digital Logic Design
Construct Logical Truth Tables
Understand The Operations of the AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR Logic Gates
Here in this slides information about all Logic gates with symbol, circuit and truth tables.
Logic gates are devices that can combine multiple inputs at independent logic levels and come up with an output accordingly. There are many kinds of logic gates, and the distinction lies in that each kind processes the inputs differently, and may give different outputs for the same inputs.
The way the logic gate processes different inputs is given in a truth table for that gate, which lists all the possible combinations of inputs next to their outputs. An example is given for a simple one-input gate with the function of giving the opposite logic level at the output to the one at the input. The inputs are given on the left, and the outputs are on the right. Generally, the inputs are called A, B, C, etc., and the output is labelled Q. In this case, there are only two possible inputs, 1 or 0, but logic gates can have any number of inputs.
Logic Gates & Related Device. This contains some basic fundamentals about Logic Gates. I hope, this will be helpful to those interested in Digital Electronics.
M. FLORENCE DAYANA/unit - II logic gates and circuits.pdfDr.Florence Dayana
Logic Gates, Truth Table, AND Gate
Types of Digital Logic AND Gate, The 2-input and 3-input AND Gate, OR Gate, Types of Digital Logic AND Gate, The 2-input OR gate, The 3-input OR gate, NOT Gate, NAND Gate, The 2-input NAND Gate, The 3-input NAND Gate, NOR Gate, 2-input NOR gate
Just like other gates, XOR gate or Exclusive-OR gate
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2. LOGIC GATE
• Actually the term logic is applied to digital circuits used to implement logic
functions. Several kinds of digital logic circuits are the basic elements that
form the building blocks for such complex digital system as the computer.
• The lines connected to each symbols are the inputs and outputs.
• The inputs are on the left of each symbol and the output is on the right.
• A circuit that performs a specific logic operation (AND, OR) is called a logic
gate.
3. THE INVERTER
• The inverter (NOT circuit) performs the operation called inversion or
complementation.
• The NOT operation changes one logic level to the opposite logical level.
When the input is Low, the output is high. When the input is high, the output is
low.
• The inverter changes one logic level to the opposite level. In terms of bits, it
changes a 1 to a 0 and 0 to 1.
4. TRUTH TABLE OF INVERTER
Input Output
0 1
1 0
When a High level is applied to an inverter input, a Low level will appear on its output.
When a Low level is applied to its input, a High will appear on its output.
LOGICAL EXPRESSION OF INVERTER
X = A’
6. THE AND GATE
• An AND gate can have two or more inputs and performs what is know as
multiplication.
• The output of AND gate is high when all inputs are high otherwise all outputs
are low.
7. OPERATION OF AND GATE
• An AND gate produces a HIGH output only when all of the inputs are HIGH.
When any of the inputs is LOW, the output is LOW. Therefore, the basic
purpose of AND gate is to determine when certain conditions are
simultaneously true, as indicated by High levels on all of its inputs, and
produces a High on its output.
Inputs Output
A B X
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
Logical Symbol Truth Table
12. • To determine the total number of possible combination of binary inputs to a
gate is determined by the following formula.
N=2n
Where N is the number of possible input combinations and n is the number of input
variables.
Example,
Two inputs variables; N=22 = 4 Combinations.
Three inputs variables; N=23 = 8 Combinations.
Four inputs variables; N=24 = 16 Combinations.
13. THE OR GATE
• OR gate can have two or more inputs and performs what is known as logical
addition.
• The output of OR gate is Low when all inputs are low, otherwise all outputs
are high
14. OPERATION OF AN OR GATE
• An OR gate produces a High on the output when any of the inputs is High.
The output is Low only when all of the inputs are Low. Therefore, an OR gate
determines when one or more of its inputs are High and produces a High on
its output.
Logical Symbol
Inputs Output
A B X
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
Truth Table
19. THE NAND GATE
• The NAND gate is the one of the popular logic element because it can be
used as a universal gate; that is NAND gate can be used in combination to
perform the AND, OR, and inverter operations.
• NAND Gate is constructed by attaching NOT Gate at the output of AND
Gate, hence NAND Gate is called NOT- AND Gate.
• NAND Gate has two or more input and only one output.
• The output of NAND gate is low when all inputs are high, otherwise all outputs
are high.
20. OPERATION OF A NAND GATE
• A NAND gate produces a Low output only when all the inputs are High.
When any of the inputs is Low, the output will be High.
Logical Symbol
Inputs Output
A B X
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
Truth Table
21.
22. LOGICAL EXPRESSION OF NAND
• It’s logical expression is, X= (AB)’
Inputs
A B
0 0 (0.0)’= 0’=1
0 1 (0.1)’= 0’=1
1 0 (1.0)’= 0’=1
1 1 (1.1)’= 1’=0
23. FOR THREE INPUT NAND GATE
INPUT OUTPUT
X Y Z O=(X.Y.Z)’
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0
25. THE NOR GATE
• The NOR gate, like the NAND gate, NOR gate is also useful logical element
because it can also be used as a universal gate.
• NOR gate can be used in combination to perform the AND, OR and Inverter
operations.
• NOR Gate is the combination of NOT gate at the output of OR gate, hence
NOR gate is type of NOT-OR gate.
• NOR gate has two or more input and only one output.
• The Output of NOR gate is high when all inputs are low otherwise the output
is low.
26. OPERATION OF NOR GATE
• A NOR gate produces a Low output when any of its inputs is high. Only when
all of it’s inputs are low is the output high.
Logical Symbol
Inputs Output
A B X
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
Truth Table
27.
28. EXPRESSION OF NOR GATE
• It’s expression is, X=(A+B)’
Inputs
A B
0 0 (0+0)’= 0’=1
0 1 (0+1)’= 0’=0
1 0 (1+0)’= 0’=0
1 1 (1+1)’= 1’=0
29. FOR THREE INPUT NOR GATE
INPUT OUTPUT
X Y Z O=(X+Y+Z)’
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0
31. THE EXCLUSIVE- OR GATE
• The exclusive-OR gate has a graphical symbol similar to that of the OR gate,
except for the additional curved line on the input side.
• It can take only 2 inputs.
• We can’t construct Ex-OR Gate using three input Ex-OR gate.
• If both inputs are Low or both are High then it produces the output Low or 0.
otherwise it produce the High.
32. TRUTH TABLE
• Logical Symbol
Inputs Output
A B AB’+A’B=X
0 0 0.0’+0’.0 =0+0=0
0 1 0.1’+0’+1=0+1=1
1 0 1.0’+1’.0=1+0=1
1 1 1.1’+1’.1=0+0=0
34. EXCLUSIVE-NOR GATE
• The exclusive-NOR gate is the complement of the exclusive-OR gate, as
indicated by small circle on the output side of the graphic symbol.
• It can take only 2 inputs.
• We can’t construct Ex-NOR Gate using three input Ex-OR gate.
• If both inputs are Low or both are High then it produces the output High or 1.
otherwise it produce the Low output.
35. TRUTH TABLE
• Logical symbol
Inputs Output
A B AB’+A’B=X
0 0 0.0+0’.0’=0+1=0
0 1 0.1+0’+1’=0+0=0
1 0 1.0+1’.0’=0+0=0
1 1 1.1+1’.1’=1+0=1