The document describes several basic logic gates - AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR - and how they operate on binary inputs and outputs. Each gate is defined by a truth table showing the output for all combinations of 0s and 1s on the input lines. Boolean algebra is also mentioned as relating to the logic of these basic digital logic gates.

1. Logic gate

2. Transistor
PNP NPN

3. AND Gate
A B C
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

4. OR Gate
A B C
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

5. NOT Gate
A A
0 1
1 0

6. NAND Gate
A B C
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

7. NOR Gate
A B C
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

8. Exclusive –OR (XOR) Gate
A B C
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

9. Exclusive –NOR (XNOR) Gate
A B C
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

10. Boolean Algebra