Lobar collapse
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A 30-year-old asthmatic presented with worsening dyspnea and wheezing during a chest infection. His oxygen saturation was 88%. While a pneumothorax was expected, his chest X-ray instead showed a collapsed right middle lobe (atelectasis). Atelectasis can occur in asthmatics due to airway narrowing and excess secretions. Treatment for this patient should include intensive chest physiotherapy in addition to usual asthma medications, rather than chest drain insertion.
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Case of the week 1
A 30-year-old man with asthma presented with worsening dyspnea and wheezing during a chest infection. His oxygen saturation was 88%. His chest X-ray showed a collapsed right middle lobe (atelectasis), not a pneumothorax as expected. For asthmatics, atelectasis can occur due to airway narrowing and excess secretions. The required treatment is intensive chest physiotherapy along with typical asthma medications, rather than a chest drain.
Doctor, doctor!
The document lists various medical ailments, injuries, and procedures seen by a doctor. Patients presented with issues like colds, sneezing, allergies, asthma, back pain, blisters, bruises, burns, coughs, swollen ankles, diarrhea, fainting, flu, food poisoning, headaches, heart attacks, high blood pressure, temperatures, injections, dizziness, rashes, vomiting, sore throats, sprained fingers, stitches, stomach aches, and bleeding fingers. The doctor treats or examines each case.
Pneumothorax Power Point
A 34-year-old man presents with 2 days of right-sided chest pain that worsens with deep breathing and radiates to his neck and shoulderblade. He has a history of tobacco use but no other medical problems. Examination finds him in no distress. Chest x-ray shows a right-sided pneumothorax. Treatment depends on size and symptoms, with small primary pneumothoraces sometimes observed as outpatients and larger or recurrent ones requiring chest tube placement in the hospital. Pneumothoraces are classified as primary spontaneous, secondary spontaneous, or traumatic based on associated lung disease or injury history.
10.Pneumothorax(
The document discusses pneumothorax, describing its history, classification, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Pneumothorax is classified as primary, secondary, traumatic, or iatrogenic. It results from a communication between the lung and pleural space, eliminating the normal negative pressure. Clinical signs depend on factors like underlying lung disease and pneumothorax size. Chest x-ray is used to diagnose, while CT scanning can estimate size. Treatment depends on classification, severity, and recurrence risk.
10.Pneumothorax
- The document discusses pneumothorax, describing its classification, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options.
- Key points include that tension pneumothorax can cause rapid deterioration and requires immediate treatment, while spontaneous pneumothorax is classified as primary or secondary depending on underlying lung health.
- Treatment involves observation for small primary pneumothoraces or procedures like aspiration, chest tube placement, or surgery depending on the size and symptoms.
Pneumothorax
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain worse with deep inspiration following crack cocaine use that morning.
2. On exam, he is tachycardic but without respiratory distress. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally without crepitus.
3. Chest x-ray shows a thin layer of air outlining the heart borders, aorta, and tracking into the superior mediastinum and neck, consistent with pneumomediastinum.
Pneumomediastinum
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain following crack cocaine use that morning. He is tachycardic but otherwise stable on exam.
2. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum with thin layers of air outlining the heart borders and along the aorta.
3. Pneumomediastinum is usually benign and self-limiting but can be caused by alveolar rupture from forceful inhalation like with cocaine use. The patient requires monitoring and rest until symptoms resolve.
Atelectasis 160424141702-converted
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It develops when air becomes absorbed from the alveoli without being replaced during breathing. Atelectasis can be acute, such as after surgery, or chronic. Causes include obstruction of airways, diminished alveolar distention, retained secretions, and excessive pressure on lung tissues. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, respiratory distress, and decreased oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like chest physiotherapy, suctioning, and bronchodilators to improve ventilation.
Recommended
Case of the week 1
A 30-year-old man with asthma presented with worsening dyspnea and wheezing during a chest infection. His oxygen saturation was 88%. His chest X-ray showed a collapsed right middle lobe (atelectasis), not a pneumothorax as expected. For asthmatics, atelectasis can occur due to airway narrowing and excess secretions. The required treatment is intensive chest physiotherapy along with typical asthma medications, rather than a chest drain.
Doctor, doctor!
The document lists various medical ailments, injuries, and procedures seen by a doctor. Patients presented with issues like colds, sneezing, allergies, asthma, back pain, blisters, bruises, burns, coughs, swollen ankles, diarrhea, fainting, flu, food poisoning, headaches, heart attacks, high blood pressure, temperatures, injections, dizziness, rashes, vomiting, sore throats, sprained fingers, stitches, stomach aches, and bleeding fingers. The doctor treats or examines each case.
Pneumothorax Power Point
A 34-year-old man presents with 2 days of right-sided chest pain that worsens with deep breathing and radiates to his neck and shoulderblade. He has a history of tobacco use but no other medical problems. Examination finds him in no distress. Chest x-ray shows a right-sided pneumothorax. Treatment depends on size and symptoms, with small primary pneumothoraces sometimes observed as outpatients and larger or recurrent ones requiring chest tube placement in the hospital. Pneumothoraces are classified as primary spontaneous, secondary spontaneous, or traumatic based on associated lung disease or injury history.
10.Pneumothorax(
The document discusses pneumothorax, describing its history, classification, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Pneumothorax is classified as primary, secondary, traumatic, or iatrogenic. It results from a communication between the lung and pleural space, eliminating the normal negative pressure. Clinical signs depend on factors like underlying lung disease and pneumothorax size. Chest x-ray is used to diagnose, while CT scanning can estimate size. Treatment depends on classification, severity, and recurrence risk.
10.Pneumothorax
- The document discusses pneumothorax, describing its classification, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options.
- Key points include that tension pneumothorax can cause rapid deterioration and requires immediate treatment, while spontaneous pneumothorax is classified as primary or secondary depending on underlying lung health.
- Treatment involves observation for small primary pneumothoraces or procedures like aspiration, chest tube placement, or surgery depending on the size and symptoms.
Pneumothorax
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain worse with deep inspiration following crack cocaine use that morning.
2. On exam, he is tachycardic but without respiratory distress. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally without crepitus.
3. Chest x-ray shows a thin layer of air outlining the heart borders, aorta, and tracking into the superior mediastinum and neck, consistent with pneumomediastinum.
Pneumomediastinum
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain following crack cocaine use that morning. He is tachycardic but otherwise stable on exam.
2. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum with thin layers of air outlining the heart borders and along the aorta.
3. Pneumomediastinum is usually benign and self-limiting but can be caused by alveolar rupture from forceful inhalation like with cocaine use. The patient requires monitoring and rest until symptoms resolve.
Atelectasis 160424141702-converted
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It develops when air becomes absorbed from the alveoli without being replaced during breathing. Atelectasis can be acute, such as after surgery, or chronic. Causes include obstruction of airways, diminished alveolar distention, retained secretions, and excessive pressure on lung tissues. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, respiratory distress, and decreased oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like chest physiotherapy, suctioning, and bronchodilators to improve ventilation.
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by the absence of air in parts of the lung. It develops when alveoli become airless and collapse. Common causes include obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, retained secretions, altered breathing patterns during anesthesia or sedation, and compression of the lungs. Symptoms may include cough, difficulty breathing, and low oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like suctioning, chest physiotherapy, and bronchodilators to reinflate the lungs. More severe cases may require procedures like bronchoscopy or mechanical ventilation.
Atelectasis 2021
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by several factors such as obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, abnormal breathing patterns, retained secretions, and compression of the lungs. It can be acute or chronic and is commonly seen post-operatively or in immobilized patients. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Treatment focuses on improving ventilation through techniques such as deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, chest physiotherapy to clear secretions, and suctioning. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation may be needed for severe cases.
Lat.... Week 3 discussionAn anxious patient is having rapid .docx
Lat....
Week 3 discussion
An anxious patient is having rapid and shallow breathing. After a few moments, he complains of a tingling sensation.
What could be the causes of this tingling sensation?
What are the various patterns of respiration and their significance?
Ethnicity and culture influence risk factors for heart disease. Do you agree? Why or why not?
What is the technique of percussion and palpation of the chest wall for tenderness, symmetry, bulges, fremitus, and thoracic expansion? Explain.
Would you anticipate hearing hyper-resonance on a patient with a history of tobacco use? Why or why not?
What are the mechanics of breathing with reference to lung borders and the anatomical structure of the lungs and diaphragm?
The patient is having rapid and shallow breathing because of a decrease in Co2 in the blood to the extremities. The patient is experiencing hyperventilation. This could be a result of a panic attack or cardiac related.
Norml respirations between 12-20 breaths/min. The chest expands and falls with a normal and even rate and rhythm Tachypnea: Respiratory rate that is above 20 breath/min. Some things that can cause this change is fever, pain, anxiety, respiratory issues. Bradypnea: Respiratory rate below 12 breaths per/min. Some causes of this could be certain medications such as narcotics or sedatives. Cheyene Stokes: Deep shallow breathing with periods of apnea. This could be in relation to renal faluire or drug overdose. African Americans are at a higher risk for devoloping heart disease due to genetics. Yes, I do agree because African Americans consume alot of sodium in their diet, and are geneticly sensitive to salt consumption which causes an increase in blood volume and raises blood pressure.
Palpitation: Stand behind the patient and place your thumbs at the 10 th rib. Your hands will be out with thumbs touching. You can ask your patient to take a deep breath and you would watch for symmetry movement on your thumbs. During this point in the examination you will ask the patient to say ninety-nine as you bring your hands down along the sides of chest. You should have the same type of vibration throughout as you make your way down. To feel for bulges you would assess both posteriorly and anteriorly. You would use the tips of your fingers and gently palpate the area below the breast tissue. Percussion: You can perform the anterior assessment this way with your patient lying down. Then, strike the finger placed on the patient's skin with the end of the middle finger of your dominant hand. You are listening and feeling for differences.
For someone that has a history of tobacco use, I would anticipate hyper resonance because tobacco use can cause emphysema or COPD. The action of breathing in and out is due to changes of pressure within the thorax, in comparison with the outside. This action is also known as external respiration . When we inhale the intercostal muscles (between the ribs) and diaphragm contract to e.
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This document provides an overview of chest pain, including the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of life-threatening causes. It discusses the epidemiology, history, physical exam findings, diagnostic testing and treatment for conditions like acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection, tension pneumothorax, and esophageal rupture. The differential diagnosis for chest pain is also reviewed, along with algorithms for evaluating and managing common conditions presenting with chest pain like pulmonary embolism and acute coronary syndrome.
Pneumothorax
This document discusses pneumothorax, which is the accumulation of air in the pleural space causing lung collapse. It defines pneumothorax as air in the pleural space that can occur spontaneously or from trauma. The types are described as spontaneous, open, or tension pneumothorax. Clinical manifestations include shortness of breath, chest pain, and decreased breath sounds on the affected side. Diagnosis involves history, exam, chest x-ray and blood gas analysis. Management depends on the type but may include observation, needle aspiration, chest tube placement, or surgery to repair the lung. Nursing care focuses on dressing wounds, positioning, monitoring chest tube drainage, and watching for complications like respiratory failure.
cough varient asthma
this lecture ( cough variant asthma ) has been presented by Dr. najia barg allil./ Abusetta chest center . in the event of Global astma day 2018.
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax, also referred to as lung collapse, is the result of unwanted air trapped around the lungs.
Pneumomediastinum
A 34-year-old man presents with sharp chest pain for 2 hours following crack cocaine use. He has no other symptoms. On examination, he has a heart rate of 148, blood pressure of 98.7/105, respiratory rate of 18, and clear lungs. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum. The patient is admitted for observation and treatment with oxygen and IV fluids.
Global Medical Cures™ | Womens Health- RESPIRATORY HEALTH
Global Medical Cures™ | Womens Health- RESPIRATORY HEALTH
Understanding how the respiratory health system works, dealing with common respiratory conditions, and recognizing symptoms.
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Approach to the patient with chest pain
This document provides guidance on evaluating and diagnosing the causes of acute chest pain. It discusses:
- Myocardial ischemia/infarction and coronary artery disease are the most common serious causes of chest pain, but other cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and psychiatric conditions can also cause chest pain.
- The clinical history and physical exam are important for determining if the chest pain is characteristic of cardiac ischemia or other potential life-threatening conditions like pulmonary embolism or aortic dissection. Atypical features make cardiac ischemia less likely.
- The initial evaluation of a patient with chest pain should assess clinical stability, immediate prognosis, and whether outpatient management or further testing is warranted based on cardiac
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The document discusses pneumothorax, beginning with a brief history and definitions. It then covers the classification, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis using imaging like chest X-rays and CT scans, and various treatment options including observation, aspiration, chest tube drainage and systems. Pneumothorax can be primary spontaneous, secondary, or iatrogenic and is typically diagnosed and monitored using chest imaging. Treatment depends on factors like size, symptoms and underlying lung condition, ranging from observation to tube drainage.
How a Primary Care doctor Can Help Treat Asthma
At Southern Maryland Medical Group, we work hard to provide the best treatment to each of our patients. We also recognize how crucial it is to choose the ideal primary care doctor in District Heights for your particular requirements. We can assist you whether you've just relocated to the neighborhood or haven't made an appointment in a while. Find out what we can do to help you achieve your health and wellness objectives by getting in touch with our helpful team. So, if you're searching for primary care doctor in District Heights, Maryland, visit us at https://www.smmgmd.com/primary-care-doctors-district-heights-md
Chest Truama Notes last.ppt
1) Flail chest occurs when three or more ribs are broken in two or more places, causing a segment of the rib cage to become detached from the rest.
2) The detached or "flail" segment loses its attachment to the chest wall and becomes free floating.
3) A characteristic finding is paradoxical movement, where the flail segment moves in the opposite direction of the rest of the chest wall during breathing.
4) This paradoxical movement can significantly impair breathing and cause injury to the underlying lung. Aggressive pain management and respiratory support are usually required for treatment.
Atelecstasis
Atelectasis is a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated.
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Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflammation of the airways and makes breathing difficult. It is caused by inherited genes, respiratory infections, and exposure to allergens or viruses. Over 22 million people in the US have asthma, including 6 million children, who are most at risk if they experience frequent wheezing when sick. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Asthma is diagnosed through medical tests and is treated to prevent symptoms and control the disease with medicines.
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Chest trauma can cause significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly and effectively. The document discusses the pathophysiology of chest trauma from both blunt and penetrating mechanisms. It emphasizes the importance of the primary survey approach, including assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs). For patients who are unstable, interventions like intubation, chest tube insertion, and fluid resuscitation may be required during the initial assessment to stabilize their condition.
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This document provides information on respiratory disorders including pneumothorax, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic bronchitis. It defines pneumothorax as an accumulation of air in the pleural cavity causing partial or complete lung collapse. Tension pneumothorax occurs when air builds up pressure on the heart and veins. The document describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumothorax and COPD which involves chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
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This document discusses a case study of an 80-year-old woman presenting with recurrent syncope and chest tightness on exertion. The three key points are:
1) The ECG shows left ventricular hypertrophy which, along with her history of a murmur, suggests she has aortic stenosis likely caused by a calcified bicuspid aortic valve.
2) Aortic stenosis typically presents with symptoms of chest pain, syncope or dyspnea on exertion, and on examination there is a characteristic murmur.
3) While nitroglycerin was previously avoided for fear of reducing preload, cautious use is now considered acceptable since heart rate changes are more problematic for these patients
Uvular edema
A young man presented with a swollen uvula (which he called a "swollen dingle dangle") after smoking marijuana for the first time the night before. Uvular edema, also known as Quinke's edema, can be caused by conditions like hereditary angioedema, allergic reactions, infections, medications/drugs like NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors, trauma, and smoking. While cannabis is a listed cause, it is likely due to thermal injury from the high burning temperature rather than genuine allergy in this case. Treatment would depend on the suspected cause but may include antibiotics for infection or anaphylaxis medication for allergic reaction.
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Similar to Lobar collapse
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by the absence of air in parts of the lung. It develops when alveoli become airless and collapse. Common causes include obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, retained secretions, altered breathing patterns during anesthesia or sedation, and compression of the lungs. Symptoms may include cough, difficulty breathing, and low oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like suctioning, chest physiotherapy, and bronchodilators to reinflate the lungs. More severe cases may require procedures like bronchoscopy or mechanical ventilation.
Atelectasis 2021
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by several factors such as obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, abnormal breathing patterns, retained secretions, and compression of the lungs. It can be acute or chronic and is commonly seen post-operatively or in immobilized patients. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Treatment focuses on improving ventilation through techniques such as deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, chest physiotherapy to clear secretions, and suctioning. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation may be needed for severe cases.
Lat.... Week 3 discussionAn anxious patient is having rapid .docx
Lat....
Week 3 discussion
An anxious patient is having rapid and shallow breathing. After a few moments, he complains of a tingling sensation.
What could be the causes of this tingling sensation?
What are the various patterns of respiration and their significance?
Ethnicity and culture influence risk factors for heart disease. Do you agree? Why or why not?
What is the technique of percussion and palpation of the chest wall for tenderness, symmetry, bulges, fremitus, and thoracic expansion? Explain.
Would you anticipate hearing hyper-resonance on a patient with a history of tobacco use? Why or why not?
What are the mechanics of breathing with reference to lung borders and the anatomical structure of the lungs and diaphragm?
The patient is having rapid and shallow breathing because of a decrease in Co2 in the blood to the extremities. The patient is experiencing hyperventilation. This could be a result of a panic attack or cardiac related.
Norml respirations between 12-20 breaths/min. The chest expands and falls with a normal and even rate and rhythm Tachypnea: Respiratory rate that is above 20 breath/min. Some things that can cause this change is fever, pain, anxiety, respiratory issues. Bradypnea: Respiratory rate below 12 breaths per/min. Some causes of this could be certain medications such as narcotics or sedatives. Cheyene Stokes: Deep shallow breathing with periods of apnea. This could be in relation to renal faluire or drug overdose. African Americans are at a higher risk for devoloping heart disease due to genetics. Yes, I do agree because African Americans consume alot of sodium in their diet, and are geneticly sensitive to salt consumption which causes an increase in blood volume and raises blood pressure.
Palpitation: Stand behind the patient and place your thumbs at the 10 th rib. Your hands will be out with thumbs touching. You can ask your patient to take a deep breath and you would watch for symmetry movement on your thumbs. During this point in the examination you will ask the patient to say ninety-nine as you bring your hands down along the sides of chest. You should have the same type of vibration throughout as you make your way down. To feel for bulges you would assess both posteriorly and anteriorly. You would use the tips of your fingers and gently palpate the area below the breast tissue. Percussion: You can perform the anterior assessment this way with your patient lying down. Then, strike the finger placed on the patient's skin with the end of the middle finger of your dominant hand. You are listening and feeling for differences.
For someone that has a history of tobacco use, I would anticipate hyper resonance because tobacco use can cause emphysema or COPD. The action of breathing in and out is due to changes of pressure within the thorax, in comparison with the outside. This action is also known as external respiration . When we inhale the intercostal muscles (between the ribs) and diaphragm contract to e.
Chest Pain.ppt
This document provides an overview of chest pain, including the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of life-threatening causes. It discusses the epidemiology, history, physical exam findings, diagnostic testing and treatment for conditions like acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection, tension pneumothorax, and esophageal rupture. The differential diagnosis for chest pain is also reviewed, along with algorithms for evaluating and managing common conditions presenting with chest pain like pulmonary embolism and acute coronary syndrome.
Pneumothorax
This document discusses pneumothorax, which is the accumulation of air in the pleural space causing lung collapse. It defines pneumothorax as air in the pleural space that can occur spontaneously or from trauma. The types are described as spontaneous, open, or tension pneumothorax. Clinical manifestations include shortness of breath, chest pain, and decreased breath sounds on the affected side. Diagnosis involves history, exam, chest x-ray and blood gas analysis. Management depends on the type but may include observation, needle aspiration, chest tube placement, or surgery to repair the lung. Nursing care focuses on dressing wounds, positioning, monitoring chest tube drainage, and watching for complications like respiratory failure.
cough varient asthma
this lecture ( cough variant asthma ) has been presented by Dr. najia barg allil./ Abusetta chest center . in the event of Global astma day 2018.
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax, also referred to as lung collapse, is the result of unwanted air trapped around the lungs.
Pneumomediastinum
A 34-year-old man presents with sharp chest pain for 2 hours following crack cocaine use. He has no other symptoms. On examination, he has a heart rate of 148, blood pressure of 98.7/105, respiratory rate of 18, and clear lungs. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum. The patient is admitted for observation and treatment with oxygen and IV fluids.
Global Medical Cures™ | Womens Health- RESPIRATORY HEALTH
Global Medical Cures™ | Womens Health- RESPIRATORY HEALTH
Understanding how the respiratory health system works, dealing with common respiratory conditions, and recognizing symptoms.
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Approach to the patient with chest pain
This document provides guidance on evaluating and diagnosing the causes of acute chest pain. It discusses:
- Myocardial ischemia/infarction and coronary artery disease are the most common serious causes of chest pain, but other cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and psychiatric conditions can also cause chest pain.
- The clinical history and physical exam are important for determining if the chest pain is characteristic of cardiac ischemia or other potential life-threatening conditions like pulmonary embolism or aortic dissection. Atypical features make cardiac ischemia less likely.
- The initial evaluation of a patient with chest pain should assess clinical stability, immediate prognosis, and whether outpatient management or further testing is warranted based on cardiac
Asthma
Asthma, asthma, all about asthma. On how to be treated. On what is the symptoms and what is the cause of this. I hope you learn something
Oxygen Deprivation
Lung compression or chest trauma can cause several complications including pneumothorax, hemothorax, and flail chest. Pneumothorax involves air in the pleural space collapsing part or all of the lung. Hemothorax is a collection of blood in the pleural cavity. Flail chest occurs when multiple ribs are broken, detaching a segment of the chest wall. Nursing management focuses on stabilizing the patient, draining fluid or air from the chest, controlling pain, and supporting ventilation as needed.
3 pneumothorax
The document discusses pneumothorax, beginning with a brief history and definitions. It then covers the classification, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis using imaging like chest X-rays and CT scans, and various treatment options including observation, aspiration, chest tube drainage and systems. Pneumothorax can be primary spontaneous, secondary, or iatrogenic and is typically diagnosed and monitored using chest imaging. Treatment depends on factors like size, symptoms and underlying lung condition, ranging from observation to tube drainage.
How a Primary Care doctor Can Help Treat Asthma
At Southern Maryland Medical Group, we work hard to provide the best treatment to each of our patients. We also recognize how crucial it is to choose the ideal primary care doctor in District Heights for your particular requirements. We can assist you whether you've just relocated to the neighborhood or haven't made an appointment in a while. Find out what we can do to help you achieve your health and wellness objectives by getting in touch with our helpful team. So, if you're searching for primary care doctor in District Heights, Maryland, visit us at https://www.smmgmd.com/primary-care-doctors-district-heights-md
Chest Truama Notes last.ppt
1) Flail chest occurs when three or more ribs are broken in two or more places, causing a segment of the rib cage to become detached from the rest.
2) The detached or "flail" segment loses its attachment to the chest wall and becomes free floating.
3) A characteristic finding is paradoxical movement, where the flail segment moves in the opposite direction of the rest of the chest wall during breathing.
4) This paradoxical movement can significantly impair breathing and cause injury to the underlying lung. Aggressive pain management and respiratory support are usually required for treatment.
Atelecstasis
Atelectasis is a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated.
Asthma power point.......pppp
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflammation of the airways and makes breathing difficult. It is caused by inherited genes, respiratory infections, and exposure to allergens or viruses. Over 22 million people in the US have asthma, including 6 million children, who are most at risk if they experience frequent wheezing when sick. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Asthma is diagnosed through medical tests and is treated to prevent symptoms and control the disease with medicines.
Chest trauma seminar
Chest trauma can cause significant morbidity and mortality if not managed promptly and effectively. The document discusses the pathophysiology of chest trauma from both blunt and penetrating mechanisms. It emphasizes the importance of the primary survey approach, including assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs). For patients who are unstable, interventions like intubation, chest tube insertion, and fluid resuscitation may be required during the initial assessment to stabilize their condition.
4. Pneumothorax, COPD, CVDs.pdf cardiovascular system
This document provides information on respiratory disorders including pneumothorax, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic bronchitis. It defines pneumothorax as an accumulation of air in the pleural cavity causing partial or complete lung collapse. Tension pneumothorax occurs when air builds up pressure on the heart and veins. The document describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumothorax and COPD which involves chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Similar to Lobar collapse (20)
Lat.... Week 3 discussionAn anxious patient is having rapid .docx
Lat.... Week 3 discussionAn anxious patient is having rapid .docx
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Global Medical Cures™ | Womens Health- RESPIRATORY HEALTH
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This document discusses a case study of an 80-year-old woman presenting with recurrent syncope and chest tightness on exertion. The three key points are:
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2) Aortic stenosis typically presents with symptoms of chest pain, syncope or dyspnea on exertion, and on examination there is a characteristic murmur.
3) While nitroglycerin was previously avoided for fear of reducing preload, cautious use is now considered acceptable since heart rate changes are more problematic for these patients
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A young man presented with a swollen uvula (which he called a "swollen dingle dangle") after smoking marijuana for the first time the night before. Uvular edema, also known as Quinke's edema, can be caused by conditions like hereditary angioedema, allergic reactions, infections, medications/drugs like NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors, trauma, and smoking. While cannabis is a listed cause, it is likely due to thermal injury from the high burning temperature rather than genuine allergy in this case. Treatment would depend on the suspected cause but may include antibiotics for infection or anaphylaxis medication for allergic reaction.
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A 67-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a swollen right hand after being bitten by his cat three days prior. The clinical photo and ultrasound showed spreading cellulitis and abscess formation in the area of maximal redness and swelling. Cat bites carry a high risk of infection from Pasteurella species, particularly involving nearby tendons and joints. The man should be admitted and started on intravenous antibiotics, and his abscess should be opened, cleaned, and debrided in surgery.
Acetabular fracture
A 65-year old man crashed his bike into a group of cyclists and fell to the ground complaining of right hip pain. An x-ray showed he had a comminuted fracture of the right acetabulum with medial displacement of fragments. A CT scan was recommended to further characterize the injury and inform surgical planning. His treatment options included closed reduction, open reduction, or an acute acetabular prosthesis given the displacement.
Hypothermia ecg 2019
A 79-year-old man was brought to the emergency department after being found collapsed at home. He has a history of diabetes, hypertension, a stroke with residual weakness, and depression. His ECG shows slow atrial fibrillation and Osborne waves, consistent with a body temperature of 29.5°C, indicating moderate to severe hypothermia. Hypothermia is often caused by an underlying condition that leaves the patient unable to rewarm themselves, such as trauma, neurological issues, drugs, endocrine problems, or infection. Treatment focuses on rewarming with a forced air blanket and providing glucose to generate heat.
Battle's sign child 2019
The image shows bruising over the mastoid process, indicating a fracture of the base of the skull from the fall. Important symptoms and signs to identify those at higher risk of brain injury include dangerous mechanisms, decreased consciousness, repeated vomiting, and signs of skull fractures. This child needs a low-dose head CT scan after transfer to a pediatric trauma center given the loss of consciousness and signs of a skull fracture. Ongoing management will involve evaluating for risks of significant brain injury or need for neurosurgery.
Ankle dislocation 2019
A 37-year old man injured his right ankle after stepping in a pothole while jogging. His ankle appears deformed with the foot displaced laterally and posteriorly. The skin over the lower tibia also appears stretched and pale. This clinical presentation is most consistent with a fracture dislocation at the ankle joint. The priorities are to provide analgesia, reduce the injury in the emergency department to preserve skin integrity, and obtain an x-ray for orthopedic guidance before definitive repair. Initial analgesia could include nitrous oxide and narcotics, with additional sedation like propofol or ketamine if needed despite his fasting status.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy 2019
A 68-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. Tests showed elevated troponin and ECG changes suggestive of a heart attack. A ventriculogram revealed ballooning of the left ventricular apex, consistent with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Takotsubo is a stress-induced heart condition where the heart enlarges at the apex. It is thought to be caused by high catecholamine levels due to life stress. While initial symptoms mimic a heart attack, prognosis is generally good with typical recovery and low mortality around 1-3%.
Posterior shoulder dislocation 2019
The x-ray shows a posterior dislocation of the footballer's right shoulder. Key signs on the x-ray include a symmetrical "light bulb" shaped humeral head and widening of the gleno-humeral joint space. There is also likely a fracture fragment at the inferior rim of the glenoid. The injury should be managed by reducing the dislocation under procedural sedation using traction, abduction, and external rotation, known as the Milch method.
Hyperacute ami ecg 2019
The ECG shows changes suggestive of acute myocardial ischemia, including tall, peaked T waves in leads V2-V4 and possible ST elevation in leads V1 and III. The most important interventions are to give aspirin, heparin, and regular ECGs looking for ST elevation. The man likely needs urgent coronary angiography if ST elevation appears, or angiography soon otherwise, to treat his acute coronary syndrome.
Jefferson fracture xr and ct 2019
A 32-year-old man presented with severe neck pain after being dumped in heavy surf. An x-ray showed a burst fracture of the atlas (C1 vertebra), known as a Jefferson fracture, with fracture lines running vertically through the anterior and posterior arches. Jefferson fractures are caused by an axial load from above, such as falling on the head from height. Although many patients have no neurological deficits, this patient will require immobilization through prolonged use of a cervical collar as treatment, as confirmed by a subsequent CT scan.
Renal trauma ct 2019
A 27-year-old construction worker fell 3 meters and is complaining of abdominal and back pain. A urine test showed blood and his vitals suggest compensated shock. A CT scan revealed a grade 5 injury to the left kidney with shattered architecture, hematoma, and contrast extravasation, indicating active bleeding. The patient has a high chance of requiring a nephrectomy and needs urgent surgical referral. He requires controlled hypotensive resuscitation with sufficient fluids to maintain perfusion but not return to normal blood pressure, as over-resuscitation could worsen bleeding.
Raccoon eyes 2019
A 38-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache and nausea after being involved in a bar room brawl while intoxicated the previous night. On examination, he has bilateral bruising around his eyes known as "raccoon eyes" or "panda eyes", which is strongly suggestive of a base of skull fracture given his history of trauma. He will need a head CT scan to further characterize any skull fracture and assess for other significant injuries such as intracranial hemorrhage. He may require neurosurgical consultation and hospitalization for symptom management and monitoring.
Laryngeal injury 2019
A 13-year-old boy was injured after crashing a quad bike into a rope stretched across the track. While he was able to get up and walk away with only a sore neck, the doctor is concerned about potential injuries to his airway, cervical spine, or arteries in his neck. A CT scan and CT angiography are recommended to check for injuries to his larynx or fractures as well as tears or dissections of his carotid or vertebral arteries since his mechanism of injury carries risks of damage to these structures.
Dengue fever 2019
A 22-year old man recently returned from Timor with a fever, headache, body aches and pains, and now a rash. Given his symptoms and travel history, the most likely diagnosis is dengue fever. Blood tests should be performed to check for malaria, as well as a full blood count, electrolytes, liver and kidney function. A diagnosis of dengue can be confirmed by detecting antibodies in follow-up blood samples. With rest and over-the-counter pain medication, most dengue cases can be managed without hospitalization.
Dengue fever 2019
A 22-year old man recently returned from Timor with a fever, headache, body aches and pains, and now a rash. Given his symptoms and travel history, the most likely diagnosis is dengue fever. Blood tests should be performed to check for malaria, as well as a full blood exam, electrolytes, liver and kidney function. While dengue can often be managed as an outpatient, this patient should stay for observation and treatment of symptoms like fever and pain with paracetamol and fluids.
Bifasicular block ecg 2019
A 77-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after losing consciousness at church for about 30 seconds. Her ECG showed signs of a bifascicular block indicating issues with the right and left bundles of the heart's conduction system. Due to her unprovoked loss of consciousness and abnormal ECG, she is at risk of having another episode of complete heart block and should be admitted for monitoring. She may ultimately require a permanent pacemaker given the conduction abnormalities shown on her ECG in the absence of a reversible cause.
Benign bone cyst 7yo xray 2019
A 7-year-old boy complained of thigh pain after jumping from play equipment. An x-ray showed a lucency in his proximal right femur that appears to be a benign bone cyst. As he presented after injury, further investigation with MRI is recommended to check for possible micro-fractures. Treatment options include observation with activity limitation or potential surgery, as cysts sometimes resolve on their own but fracture could require healing.
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Lobar collapse
- 1. A 30 year old with asthma presents after suddenly developing dyspnoea several days into a chest infection with worsening wheeze. He has never had this before in an asthma attack, and there is no pain, or fever. On exam, the most notable feature is SaO2 88%. •What do you think is going on in the chest x-ray shown? •Does this happen in asthma attacks? •What investigation and treatment is required?
- 3. Most of us would expect to see a significant pneumothorax given the clinical story…but that is NOT what we find. This patient has a right middle lobe collapse, visible on the PA chest as a blurring of the right cardiac silhouette, and on the lateral as a dense ‘sail’ sign. Asthmatics do get atelectasis, as a result of airway narrowing and excessive production of secretions. A chest drain would be a bad idea for this patient, who needs intensive chest physiotherapy in addition to the normal medications provided to an asthmatic.