A liver abscess is a collection of pus within the liver caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites. It puts pressure on the liver and kills healthy tissue. Left untreated, it can cause overwhelming blood infection. Risk factors include diabetes, liver disease, cancer, alcohol use, and poor nutrition. Symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, nausea and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and blood work. Treatment involves antibiotics, sometimes along with draining the abscess surgically. Complications can include recurring abscess, infection spread, or rupture into the lung.

1. • LIVER ABSCESS

2. 1.INTRODUCTION
 A liver abscess is a local accumulation of pus filled
cavity with the liver. The abscess causes an increase of
pressure with the liver as well as killing of healthy
surrounding liver tissue.
 The result can be that an overwhelming infection can
suddenly gain entrance into the blood stream at which
point the patient Gets extremely sick with blood
poising or sepsis.

3. 2. DEFINITION
 A liver abscess is a collection of pus in the liver cause
by bacterial, fungi,or parasites or use of needle,
splinters.

4. 3. INCIDENCE
 The annual incidence rate is about 2.3 cases per 10
lack peoples. Males are more frequently affected than
females.

5. 4. TYPES
 There are three major form of liver abscess .
1 pyogenic liver abscess.
2 Amoebic liver abscess.
3 fungal liver abscess.

6. 5. CAUSES
1. Abdominal infection such as appendicitis
diverticulitis.
2. Infection in blood.
3. Trauma that damage the liver.
4. Pancreatic cancer.
5. Colon cancer.
6. The most common bacteria that cause liver abscess
are : histolytica,enterococcus, E- coli, staphylococcus
and streptococcus.

7. 6. RISK FACTORS
1. Weak immune system.
2. Diabetes mellitus.
3. Liver transplant.
4. Cancer.
5. Traveling to place where infection is common.
6. Age older than 70 years.
7. Medicine such as asteroid or chemotherapy.
8. Alcohol.
9. Poor nutrition

8. 7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

9. 8. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Right upper abdominal pain.
 Nausea and vomiting.
 Weight loss.
 Right chest pain.
 Jaundice.
 Fever and weakness.
 Dark urine.
 Chalk coloured stool.
 Joint pain.
 Loss of appetite.
 General discomfort.

10. 9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
1. Abdominal CT scan.
2. Abdominal ultrasound.
3. Blood culture.
4. CBC.
5. Liver function test.
6. Liver biopsy

11. 10. MANAGEMENT
1. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT.
2. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT.
3. NURSING MANAGEMENT.

12. • MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
 Give antibiotics therapy (metronidazole).
 Give antimicrobial therapy with out drainage from
abscess for few month.
 Give treatment of billiar, GI systemic Infection that
may spread to the liver is the best means of primary
prevention of pyogenic liver abscess.

13. • SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
 Percutaneous drainge of the abscess with anti
microbial therapy.
 Surgical drainage of abscess with post operative
antimicrobial therapy.

14. • NURSING MANAGEMENT
 Pain management.
 Nutrition management.
 Infection protection.

15. 11. COMPLICATIONS
 Return of abscess.
 Spread infection in abdomen.
 Overwhelming sepsis.
 Large abscess may ruptures penetrate the diaphragm
and enter the lung.
 Pneumonia.
 Empyema.

16. 12. PREVENTION
 Give the health education about the liver abscess.
 Personal hygiene and food hygiene.
 Proper hand washing.
 Eat a healthy foods.
 Do not drink alcohol.
 Boiling of water for conceptions.

17. • CONCLUSION
 Liver abscess is a common bacterial infection
of the liver.
 Seen in poor sanitary measures.
 Promot diagnosis aggregation medical
treatment supported by adjective surgical
methods can keep morbidity and mortality to a
bare minimum

18. By-Deepesh Mehra