This document discusses liquid explosives and their use by terrorists. It describes common types of liquid explosives like nitroglycerin and nitroglycol. It explains how liquid explosives work using shock, friction or heat. It discusses how liquid explosives became a major threat for air transportation as terrorists could conceal explosive liquids in drink bottles or cosmetic containers that could be detonated easily. It concludes by noting two dangerous homemade explosives, HMTD and TATP, that can be made from common household chemicals and are very sensitive.

2. SEQUENCE AIM OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIQUID EXPLOSIVES AND THEIR USE TYPES OF LIQUID EXPLOISVE MIXTURES HOW DO LIQUID EXPLOISVE WORK HOW TERRORIST MADE LIQUID BOMB IN SOFT DRINK BOTTLE

3. HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT TO AIR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY PRIME LOCATION HOW HARD TO SCREEN LIQUID EXPLOSIVE CONCLUSION

4. AIM TO GIVE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT LIQUID EXPLOSIVE AND HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT IN AIR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY.

5. OBJECTIVES

6. INTRODUCTION A. LIQUID B. SUSPENSION C. EMULSION SHOCK FRICTION OR HEAT

7. THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIQUID EXPLOSIVES AND THEIR USE

8. NITROGLYCERIN HEAVY, OILY, COLORLESS USES MANUFACTURE OF DYNAMITE CONSTRUCTION DEMOLITION

9. BCEAUSE IT'S CLEAR AND OILY, NITROGLYCERIN WOULD BE EASY TO CONCEAL IN LOTION OR SHAMPOO BOTTLES

10. NITRO GLYCOL SIMILAR TO NITROGLYCERIN 100 MORE VOLATILE UNSAFE VAPOR PRESSURE HIGH CHARACTERISTICS • APPEARANCE: AN OILY, CLEAR LIQUID, OFTEN YELLOWISH

11. NITROMETHANE DEVELOPED 1872 ACCCIDENT DURING TRANS PORT V of D 6300 m /s USES FUEL FOR RACE CARS

12. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE NOT USED AN EXPLOSIVE (PURE) USE FOR COMMERCIAL AND MEDICAL

13. TYPES OF LIQUID EXPLOISVE MIXTURES ASTROLITE A AND ASTROLITE G TRADE NAME OF FAMILY OF EXPLOSIVE GERALD HURST HIGH EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES USE FOR COMMERCIAL & CIVIL BLASTING

14. ASTROLITE G CLEAR,VISCOUS, LIQUID STABLE HIGH EXPLOSIVE VOF D 8600 m /s MOST POWER FULL ‘NON NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE’

16. PLX LIQUID BINARY EXPLOSIVE NM & EDA TRANSPARENT WITH YELLOWISH TINT MIXED ON SITE V of D 7000 m /s

17. WATER GEL TYPE EXPLOSIVES IMPROVE THE RESISTANCE TO WATER WATER WITH GELLING AGENT TWO GOALS WATER PROOFING ABOVE DENCITY

18. HOW DO LIQUID EXPLOISVE WORK SHOCK /FRICTION /HEAT LIQUED EXPLOSIVE CHAIN REACTION

19. HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT TO AIR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY

20. HOW TERRORIST MADE LIQUID BOMB IN SOFT DRINK BOTTLE LIQUID BOMB

21. HIDDEN BOMB

22. PRIME LOCATION NEAR THE SKIN OF THE AIRPLANE RIGHT NEXT TO THE SIDE PREFEBLY WINDOW

23. WHY WOULD TERRORISTS WANT TO USE LIQUID EXPLOSIVES? NO NEED DETONATORS CELL PHONE OR MP 3 PLAYER COSMETIC CONTAINER OR BEVERAGE BOTTLE CAN BE MADE COMMON INGREDIENT SEPARATE CONTAINERS INGREDIANT A & B EASY TO INITIATE (Burning Cigarette or match)

24. HOW HARD TO SCREEN LIQUID EXPLOSIVE

25. LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM

26. DISADVANTAGES VOLATILE TOXITY SET OFF BY STRAY SPARK A CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT ACCIDENTAL BUMP

27. CONCLUSION

28. HMTD AND TATP

29. Initiator TATP HMTD TATP

30. HMTD &TATP HMTD - HOME MADE EXPLOSIVE TATP - INITIATOR CAN BE MADE HAIR TREATMENT NAIL POLICE DRAIN CLEANER CAR BATTERY

31. SENSITIVE TO HEAT, SHOCK, AND FRICTION CAN BE INITIATED SIMPLY WITH FIRE OR ELECTRICAL CHARGE OR IMPROVISED DETONATORS

40. THANK YOU