This document discusses different types of lintels and arches used in construction. It describes various lintel materials like wood, stone, brick, reinforced brick, concrete, and steel. It also defines what an arch is and discusses different arch types including brick, stone, concrete, flat, semi-circular, segmental, relieving, and Dutch arches. Technical arch terms are defined and arch construction materials and methods are compared.

1. Presentation on Lintels and Arches
Course title: Details of construction
Course code: CE- 2110
Submitted to:
MD. Motiur Rahman
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Submitted by:
MD. Rokib uddin- 141123
Group : 5

2. LINTELS
 A lintelis a structural horizontal block that spans the space or opening between two
vertical supports.It can be a load-bearing building component, a decorative
architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. It is often found over
portals, doors, windows, and fireplaces.

3. TYPES OF LINTELS BY
MATERIALS
 Wooden lintels
 Stone lintels
 Brick lintels
 Reinforced Brick lintels
 Reinforced Concrete lintels
 Steel lintels

4. WOODEN
LINTELS
Generally used in hilly
areas where timber is easily
available
It is not fire proof
The minimum depth of
the lintel should be 7.6 cm.
Fig: Wooden lintels

5. STONE
LINTELS
Commonly used in
stone districts
It is highly cost
The thickness is taken
as 4 cm per 30 cm
length of span
Fig: Stone lintels

6. BRICK
LINTELS
They are considered
suitable for small openings
with light loading
conditions.
It is constructed with
hard, well burnt, first class
bricks.
Fig: Brick lintels

7. REINFORCED
BRICK
LINTELS
 It is required in
large span
 The gap of bricks
is filled with rich
cement mortar
Reinforced Brick lintel

8. REINFORCED
CONCRETE
LINTELS
 It is used for durability,
strength and fire resisting
property.
 It is used for bigger span
and heavy loading.
 It is constructed with
1:2:4 cement concrete
reinforced with steel bar.Fig: Reinforced Concrete lintel

9. STEEL
LINTELS
It is used in a large
opening carrying
heavy wall load is
to be spanned by a
lintelSteel lintel

10. ARCHES
 An arch may be defined as mechanical arrangement of wedge
shaped blocks of stones or bricks mutually supporting each other
and supported at the end by piers or abutments.
Arches

11. TECHNICAL
TERMS
Abutment
Arch ring
Intrados
Extrados
Voussoirs
Springing stone
Springing line
Crown
Key stone
Skew back
Span
Rise
Springing points
Depth
Haunch
Spandril

12. TYPES OF ARCHES BY MATERIALS
AND CONSTRUCTION
1. Brick arches
2. Stone arches
3. Concrete arches
4. Flat arches
5. Semi circular arches
6. Segmental arches
7. Relieving arches
8. Dutch or French arches

13. BRICK
ARCHES
 It is three types:
Rough arches: Generally used
over wooden lintels.
Axed arches: The wedge shaped
units are not finely dressed.
Gauged arches : Accurately
prepared to a wedge shape.
Fig: Rough brick arches
Fig: Axed brick arch

14. STONE
ARCHES
 Two types:
1. Rubble arches: Rubble stone
and roughly shaped.
2. Ashlar arches: Arch stone and
proper shaped.
 Flat stone arches
 Semi circular stone arches
Flat stone arches
Semi circular stone arch

15. CONCRETE
ARCHES
Two types :
1.Concrete block arches:
For small opening and span.
2. Monolithic Concrete
arches: For large opening
like roof, bridge etc.
Fig: Concrete block arches
Monolithic Concrete Arches

16. OTHER
TYPES OF
ARCHES
Segmental
arches
Semi circular
arches
Semi circular Arches

17. OTHER TYPES
OF ARCHES
Relieving Arch
Dutch or French
Arch
Fig: Relieving Arch
Fig: Dutch or French Arch
Thank you……