Lighting research
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Lighting in film can be used to control mood and direct viewer attention. There are different standard lighting setups used, including key lights to highlight subjects, back lights to separate foreground from background, and fill lights to prevent harsh shadows from the key light. Low key lighting uses only key and back lights to create dramatic contrasts between light and dark areas with deep shadows, while high key lighting adds bright fill lights to make the scene brightly lit and soft with few shadows.
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The document discusses different lighting styles for portraits including Rembrandt lighting, loop lighting, butterfly lighting, split lighting, short lighting, and broad lighting. Rembrandt lighting uses one light source above and to the side of the camera, lighting 3/4 of the face and creating triangular shadows. Loop lighting forms a small shadow under the nose with light placed high above. Butterfly lighting emphasizes cheekbones with a light above camera forming a butterfly shadow. Split lighting creates strong highlights and shadows dividing the face.
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This document describes different lighting styles for portraits including Rembrandt, Loop, Butterfly, Split, Short, and Broad lighting. Rembrandt lighting uses one light source to create triangular shading under the nose and cheekbones with 3/4 of the face lit. Loop lighting forms a small shadow under the nose from a light placed high above the camera. Butterfly lighting emphasizes cheekbones with a light above the camera that forms a butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose.
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- Broad lighting, short lighting, narrow lighting, butterfly lighting, and Rembrandt lighting. It provides details on the positioning of the main light for each technique.
- Three-point lighting involving a key light, fill light, and back light. The key light is the primary illuminator.
- Indoor flash techniques like bounce flash to reduce red eye and fill flash to reduce shadows.
- Tips for photography in sunlight, like shooting in early morning or late afternoon when the sun is lower and from the side to provide modeling.
Landscape photography
Landscape photography captures the vast beauty of nature. It is important to choose your viewpoint carefully, paying attention to the position of the sun. The best time to capture fantastic color effects is during the golden hour around dawn and dusk. When composing landscape photos, include a focal point like an interesting foreground feature to draw the viewer's eye and give depth. Use a high aperture, like f/8 or f/11, to maximize depth of field and keep the entire background sharp. Keep the ISO low to avoid grainy images. Place the horizon line strategically to emphasize either the ground or sky.
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There are several types of film openings including discrete title sequences, credit-over-blank-screen title sequences, narrative title sequences, and stylized title sequences. Discrete title sequences use separately edited clips to set the mood through discrete messages without revealing too much of the film. Credit-over-blank-screen title sequences display credits over a blank screen, often with accompanying soundtracks, to establish mystery and gain audience attention. Narrative title sequences introduce the film's storyline to create a natural transition into the plot. Stylized title sequences focus on editing to immediately engage audiences through mood-setting details and style.
Types of film openings
There are several types of film openings including discrete title sequences, credit-over-blank-screen title sequences, narrative title sequences, and stylized title sequences. Discrete title sequences use separately edited clips to set the mood through discrete messages without revealing too much of the film. Credit-over-blank-screen title sequences display credits over a blank screen, often with accompanying soundtracks, to establish mystery and gain audience attention. Narrative title sequences introduce the film's storyline to create a natural transition into the plot. Stylized title sequences focus on editing to immediately engage audiences through mood-setting details and style.
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This document discusses various types of camera shots and lighting techniques used in filmmaking. It provides descriptions and examples of different shot sizes like close-up, wide, and point-of-view shots. It also explains different camera movements such as pans, tilts, tracks, and zooms. Additionally, it covers lighting styles including high key, low key, chiaroscuro, and types of lights used in the three-point lighting system like key, back, fill, and rim lights. The document is an informative guide outlining the technical elements that filmmakers can use to visually convey meaning, emotion, and information.
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Lighting research
- 2. WHAT CAN IT DO? • LIGHTING IS USEFUL IN FILM FOR MANY REASONS, FOR EXAMPLE: • LIGHTING CAN BE USED TO CONTROL THE MOOD OF THE VIDEO– BRIGHT LIGHT CAN CONNOTE HAPPINESS • IT CAN MAKE THE VIEWER LOOK IN A CERTAIN DIRECTION AND IT CAN PUT EMPHASIS ON MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE VIDEO,FOR EXAMPLE AN IMPORTANT PROP OR FACIAL EXPRESSION.
- 3. • THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIGHTING EFFECTS BUT THE NORMAL STANDARD ONES ARE AS FOLLOWS: • KEY LIGHTS – HIGHLIGHTS THE OBJECT AND HAS THE STRONGEST LIGHT, IT HAS THE MOST INFLUENCE ON THE WHOLE SCENE. • BACK LIGHTS – PICKS OUT THE SUBJECT FROM IT’S BACKGROUND, IT SEPARATES THE BACKGROUND AND FOREGROUND CREATING A THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGE. • FILL LIGHTS – FROM THE OPPOSITE SIDE ENSURES THAT KEY LIGHT ONLY CAST FAINT SHADOWS, THIS IS SO THE IMAGE OR SCENE DOESN’T APPEAR TO DARK.
- 4. LOW KEY LIGHTING • CREATED BY USING ONLY THE KEY AND BACKLIGHTS, THE KEY LIGHT HAS A LOWER BRIGHTNESS THEN IN HIGH KEY, CLOSE TO THE BRIGHTNESS OF THE BACK LIGHT. • PRODUCES SHARP CONTRASTS OF LIGHT AND DARK AREAS. • DEEP, DISTINCT SHADOWS/SILHOUETTES ARE FORMED. • DRAMATIC, MOODY • OPPOSITE OF HIGH KEY LIGHTING
- 5. HIGH KEY LIGHTING • INVOLVES USING THE FILL LIGHT, WHICH IS MADE AS THE SAME BRIGHTNESS OF THE KEY LIGHT. • THE SCENE APPEARS ILLUMINATED, BRIGHT AND SOFT, THE SCENE CONTAIN VERY FEW IN ANY SHADOWS. • MOST COMMONLY IN MUSICALS AND COMEDIES • BY USING MORE FILLER LIGHTS THE LIGHTING IS NATURAL AND REALISTIC TO THE VIEWER. • PRODUCES BRIGHTLY LIT SETS OR A SUNNY DAY.