Life Scientists generally agree that biological diversity is of crucial importance. However, many non-scientists do not consider biodiversity to be important. In this discussion, we will explore arguments about the value of biodiversity. Let’s begin with some essential definitions: Biodiversity: The variety of organisms considered at all levels, from genetic variants belonging to the same species through arrays of species to arrays of genera, families, and still higher taxonomic levels; includes the variety of ecosystems which compose both the communities of organisms within particular habitats and the physical conditions under which they live1. Extinction: The termination of any lineage of organisms, from subspecies to species, and higher taxonomic categories from genera to phyla. Extinction can be local, in which one or more populations of a species or another unit vanish, but others survive elsewhere, or total (global), in which all the populations vanish. When biologists speak of extinction without further qualifications, they mean total extinction1. Edwin O. Wilson is considered by many to be the father of biodiversity (Links to an external site.). His book, The Diversity of Life (Links to an external site.) was first published in 1992. The opening pages of The Diversity of Lifedescribe “three successive stages of denial” when people are confronted with the evidence of extinction2. A) The first is, “Why worry? Extinction is natural. Species have been dying out through more than 3 billion years of history without permanent harm to the biosphere. Evolution has always replaced extinct species with new ones.” B) In the second stage of denial, people ask, “Why do we need so many species anyway? Why care, especially since the vast majority are bugs, weeds and fungi?” C) The third stage of denial usually emerges as, “Why rush to save all the species right now? We have more important things to do. Why not keep live specimens in zoos and botanical gardens and return them to the wild later?\"2 ============================================== Create a discussion with the result will be 1-2 paragraphs that strongly support the position, including at least three for each letter( A, B, and C) citations. (Note: In this context, an argument is an attempt to persuade someone by giving reasons for accepting a particular conclusion.) Solution A) Extinction is natural and it is revealed through various fossil record. Apart form human interventions various other natural disorders such as earthquake, volcanic eruptions, flood, cyclones etc have destroyed so many species. B) So many species are required because it is ecologically important. Various functions are required to be performed to maintain various cycles such as Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen etc. For that variety of bugs, weeds and fungi are important at different tropical levels. C) Specimens in zoos and botanical garden are returned to wild later to avoid extinction of species to a certain level..

1. Life Scientists generally agree that biological diversity is of crucial importance. However, many
non-scientists do not consider biodiversity to be important. In this discussion, we will explore
arguments about the value of biodiversity.
Let’s begin with some essential definitions:
Biodiversity: The variety of organisms considered at all levels, from genetic variants belonging
to the same species through arrays of species to arrays of genera, families, and still higher
taxonomic levels; includes the variety of ecosystems which compose both the communities of
organisms within particular habitats and the physical conditions under which they live1.
Extinction: The termination of any lineage of organisms, from subspecies to species, and higher
taxonomic categories from genera to phyla. Extinction can be local, in which one or more
populations of a species or another unit vanish, but others survive elsewhere, or total (global), in
which all the populations vanish. When biologists speak of extinction without further
qualifications, they mean total extinction1.
Edwin O. Wilson is considered by many to be the father of biodiversity (Links to an external
site.). His book, The Diversity of Life (Links to an external site.) was first published in 1992.
The opening pages of The Diversity of Lifedescribe “three successive stages of denial” when
people are confronted with the evidence of extinction2.
A) The first is, “Why worry? Extinction is natural. Species have been dying out through more
than 3 billion years of history without permanent harm to the biosphere. Evolution has always
replaced extinct species with new ones.”
B) In the second stage of denial, people ask, “Why do we need so many species anyway? Why
care, especially since the vast majority are bugs, weeds and fungi?”
C) The third stage of denial usually emerges as, “Why rush to save all the species right now? We
have more important things to do. Why not keep live specimens in zoos and botanical gardens
and return them to the wild later?"2
==============================================
Create a discussion with the result will be 1-2 paragraphs that strongly support the position,
including at least three for each letter( A, B, and C) citations. (Note: In this context, an argument
is an attempt to persuade someone by giving reasons for accepting a particular conclusion.)
Solution
A) Extinction is natural and it is revealed through various fossil record. Apart form human
interventions various other natural disorders such as earthquake, volcanic eruptions, flood,
cyclones etc have destroyed so many species.

2. B) So many species are required because it is ecologically important. Various functions are
required to be performed to maintain various cycles such as Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen etc. For
that variety of bugs, weeds and fungi are important at different tropical levels.
C) Specimens in zoos and botanical garden are returned to wild later to avoid extinction of
species to a certain level.