The document compares qualitative and quantitative research methods, detailing their definitions, purposes, data collection techniques, and roles of researchers. Qualitative research focuses on understanding social interactions through descriptive data from smaller, non-random samples, while quantitative research emphasizes testing hypotheses with numerical data from larger, randomly selected populations. Ultimately, qualitative results are less generalizable and conveyed through narrative reports, whereas quantitative findings aim for generalizability and are presented in statistical formats.

2. Essential Performance Outcome
Describe and explain the new
abilities they have developed as the
result of self-initiated learning
experiences and projects.

3. Intended learning Outcome
Describe and explain the new abilities
they have developed by appraising
the difference between qualitative and
quantitative research.

4. Qualitative Research
•A type of educational research in which
the researcher decides what to study.
•A type of educational research in which
the researcher relies on the views of
the participants.

5. Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Quantitative research
looks at patterns in numeric
data. Quantitative research
gathers data in numerical
form which can be put into
categories or measured in
units of measurement. This
type of data can be used to
construct graphs and tables.
Qualitative research gathers
information that is not in
numerical form. Qualitative
data is typically descriptive
data. When you think of
qualitative data, Think of the
word 'quality' – because in
qualitative analysis we are
taking a deep quality look at a
phenomenon.

6. Examples
Qualitative Research
• Diary accounts
• Document review
• Open ended Questionnaires
• Unstructured interviews
• Unstructured observations
Quantitative Research
• Application forms
• Closed ended Questionnaires
• IQ Tests
• Measurements

7. Purpose
Qualitative: To understand & interpret
social interactions.
Quantitative: To test hypotheses, look
at cause & effect, & make predictions.

8. Group Studied
• Qualitative: Smaller & not
randomly selected.
• Quantitative: Larger & randomly
selected.

9. Variables
• Qualitative: Study of the whole, not
variables.
• Quantitative: Specific variables
studied.

10. Type of Data
•Collected Qualitative: Words, images,
or objects.
•Quantitative: Numbers and statistics.

11. Forms of Data Collected
• Qualitative: Qualitative data such as open
- ended responses, interviews, participant
observations, field notes, & reflections.
• Quantitative: Quantitative data based on
precise measurements using structured &
validated data-collection instruments.

12. Role of the Researcher
• Qualitative: Researcher & their biases may be
known to participants in the study, & participant
characteristics may be known to the researcher.
• Quantitative: Researcher & their biases are not
known to participants in the study, & participant
characteristics are deliberately hidden from the
researcher (double blind studies).

13. Results
•Qualitative: Particular or specialized
findings that is less generalizable.
•Quantitative: Generalizable findings
that can be applied to other
populations.

14. Final Report
• Qualitative: Narrative report with
contextual description & direct quotations
from research participants.
• Quantitative: Statistical report with
correlations, comparisons of means, &
statistical significance of findings.

15. What is to be observed?
•Qualitative: ¤ Qualities ¤ Behavior ¤
Complexities
•Quantitative: ¤ Quantities ¤ Scales ¤
Trends

16. What are the type of questions asked?
•Qualitative: ¤ Why? ¤ How?
•Quantitative: ¤ How many? ¤ What?

17. How are the questions are put
(methods)?
• Qualitative: ¤ Document review ¤
Participant observations ¤ Interviews ¤
Focus group ¤ Workshops
• Quantitative: ¤ Application forms ¤
Questionnaires ¤ IQ Tests ¤
Measurements

18. How results are interpreted
(analysis)?
•Qualitative: ¤ Explore, explain, understand ¤
Narrative ¤ Particular ¤ Mainly inductive
reasoning: conclusions can be drawn from the
evidence no matter how incomplete
•Quantitative: ¤ Describe, measure, predict ¤
Statistical tables and chart ¤ Universal ¤ Mainly
deductive reasoning: everything is known before
conclusions can be drawn