The document provides an overview of the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research uses numerical data from large sample sizes to test hypotheses and make generalized conclusions, while qualitative research uses descriptive text/image data from small samples to understand phenomena through themes and descriptions. Some key differences highlighted are that quantitative research is objective and hypothesis-driven, while qualitative research is subjective and explores open questions through emerging themes. Both approaches are useful depending on the type of research question being asked.
Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Ask broad, general Qs.
Collecting data consisting
largely of words (text) or
image (picture).
Descriptions and analysis of
words for themes.
Conducts inquiry in
subjective, biased manner.
Ask specific narrow Qs.
Collects data from
participants.
Analyzes numbers using
statistics.
Conducts the inquiry in
unbiased, objective manner.
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Divergent Insights gives perfect details about a market research study.
Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Ask broad, general Qs.
Collecting data consisting
largely of words (text) or
image (picture).
Descriptions and analysis of
words for themes.
Conducts inquiry in
subjective, biased manner.
Ask specific narrow Qs.
Collects data from
participants.
Analyzes numbers using
statistics.
Conducts the inquiry in
unbiased, objective manner.
Divergent Insights- Qualitative Research VS. Quantitative ResearchDivergent Insights
Qualitative Research is a type of educational research in which the researcher relies on the views of the participants and in Quantitative Research, the researcher decides what to study.
Divergent Insights gives perfect details about a market research study.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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quantitative vs qualitative
1. Name Roll no.
Mohammad Hassan Butt 28
Irfan Raza 14
Saqib Shehzad 12
Gohar Rehman 41
University of Education
BBA (Hons)
Session 2012-2016 (Morning)
2.
3. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
A type of educational
research in which the
researcher decides what
to study.
A type of educational
research in which the
researcher relies on the
views of the participants.
4. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Quantitative research looks at
patterns in numeric data.
Quantitative research gathers
data in numerical form which can
be put into categories or
measured in units of
measurement.
This type of data can be used to
construct graphs and tables.
Qualitative research gathers
information that is not in
numerical form.
Qualitative data is typically
descriptive data.
When you think of qualitative
data, Think of the word 'quality' –
because in qualitative analysis we
are taking a deep quality look at a
phenomenon.
5. Quantitative Research
Examples
Qualitative Research
Examples
Application forms
Closed ended
Questionnaires
IQ Tests
Measurements
Diary accounts
Document review
Open ended
Questionnaires
Unstructured interviews
Unstructured observations
6. Purpose
Quali: To understand & interpret social
interactions.
Quanti: To test hypotheses, look at cause &
effect, & make predictions.
9. Type of Data Collected
Quali: Words, images, or objects.
Quanti: Numbers and statistics.
10. Forms of Data Collected
Quali: Qualitative data such as open - ended
responses, interviews, participant observations,
field notes, & reflections.
Quanti: Quantitative data based on precise
measurements using structured & validated
data-collection instruments.
11. Role of the Researcher
Quali: Researcher & their biases may be known to
participants in the study, & participant
characteristics may be known to the researcher.
Quanti: Researcher & their biases are not known to
participants in the study, & participant
characteristics are deliberately hidden from the
researcher (double blind studies).
12. Results
Quali: Particular or specialized findings that is
less generalizable.
Quanti: Generalizable findings that can be
applied to other populations.
13. Final Report
Quali: Narrative report with contextual
description & direct quotations from research
participants.
Quanti: Statistical report with correlations,
comparisons of means, & statistical significance
of findings.
14. What is to be observed?
Quali: ¤ Qualities ¤ Behavior ¤ Complexities
Quanti: ¤ Quantities ¤ Scales ¤ Trends
15. What are the type of questions asked?
Quali: ¤ Why? ¤ How?
Quanti: ¤ How many? ¤ What?
16. How are the questions are put (methods)?
Quali: ¤ Document review ¤ Participant
observations ¤ Interviews ¤ Focus group ¤
Workshops
Quanti: ¤ Application forms ¤ Questionnaires ¤
IQ Tests ¤ Measurements
17. How the results are interpreted (analysis)?
Quali: ¤ Explore, explain, understand ¤ Narrative ¤
Particular ¤ Mainly inductive reasoning: conclusions
can be drawn from the evidence no matter how
incomplete
Quanti: ¤ Describe, measure, predict ¤ Statistical
tables and chart ¤ Universal ¤ Mainly deductive
reasoning: everything is known before conclusions
can be drawn
18. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Ask broad, general Qs.
Collects data consisting
largely of words (text) or
image (picture).
Descriptions and analysis
of words for themes.
Conducts inquiry in
subjective, biased manner.
Ask specific narrow Qs.
Collects data from
participants generally in
numerical form.
Analyzes numbers using
statistics.
Conducts the inquiry in
unbiased, objective
manner.
19.
20. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Description of trends or
an explanation of
variables’ relationships.
An exploration in which
little is known about the
problem.
A detailed understanding
of a central phenomenon.
21. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Major role through
suggesting the RQ to be
asked.
Justifying the R problem
and the need for the
direction of the study.
Minor role in suggesting
SRQ to be asked.
Justify the importance of
studying the research
problem.
22. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Be specific and narrow.
Seek measurable,
observable data on
variables.
Be general and broad.
Seek to understand the
participants’ experiences.
23. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Collecting data using
instruments with preset
Qs and Res.
Collecting info from a
large number of
individuals.
Collecting data using
forms with general,
emerging Qs to permit the
participant to generate
responses.
Gathering word(text) or
image(picture) data.
Collecting info from a
small number of
individuals or sites.
24. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Data analysis tends to
consist of statistical analysis.
Describing trends,
comparing group
differences, relating
variables.
Interpretation tends to
consist of comparing results
with prior predictions and
past research.
Text analysis.
A description of themes.
Stating the larger meaning
of findings.
25. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
Tend to use standard fixed
structure and evaluation
criteria.
Take an objective and
unbiased approach.
A flexible, emerging
structure and evaluative
criteria.
Take a subjective and
biased approach.