Leonardo Da Vinci And The Last Renaissance

Leonardo Da Vinci And The Last Renaissance
Art is never static. It evolves and exists within context. The growing body of scientific knowledge
provided inspiration for the artists who interpreted events occurring around them in different ways.
Inevitably, it was used to enrich their art.
The Renaissance.
Curious as to how the human body functioned, Leonardo Da Vinci dissected corpses from which he
made numerous anatomical drawings. He was interested in how the tissues, veins and nerves were
connected, and he even conducted an experiment to determine how the muscles in the heart worked.
He understood anatomy, and from his detailed sketches of human muscle in the face, arms and legs,
it is no wonder his version of The Last Supper in 1482 is the only one that depicts the disciples as
people, displaying real emotions, possibly because he used his knowledge of facial muscles to create
expressions and reactions that were recognizable. 'A man with expertise in many fields', (2017,
Khan Academy) Leonardo's influence can be seen in many works during ... Show more content on
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The figures look real and are proportional but I believe that it is the central figure lifting Christ on
the cross that draws the most attention. He is strong and it is clear that he has put everything he has
into lifting Christ on the cross. His shoulders and back says it all as his highly defined body strains
at the job at hand. Even his legs (calves) do their share of lifting as his muscles stand out under the
pressure. The knowledge applied here creates movement; the diagonals in this painting make it so
realistic and convey the emotional and physical difficulty of what was being
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Teen People Magazine Essay
Teen People Magazine
The Teen People, September edition, is a magazine designed to appeal to young female readers. Its
content features well known celebrities, use of bright and flashy colors, and an organized layout that
attracts an upbeat, young readership interested in high–quality appearance and style. Although the
magazine's main focus may appear to insure a great fashion sense, it also concentrates on a
philosophical orientation by covering a more diverse readership that includes all colors, sizes, and
shapes of females. Teen People also expands its audience by recognizing both visual and text
oriented audiences. To appeal to the more visual oriented audience, the magazine uses exotic
photography in the advertisements for Self ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Similarly, the advertisement on page sixty four of the magazine uses an angelic/fairy tale theme to
introduce Secret Deodorant to the visually stimulated audience. In the center of the page, a fairy–
like woman stands in the midst of a very surreal setting with stars and a light blue sky. By using a
woman who personifies a fairy, Secret manages to connect the new brand of Secret "Violet Dazzle"
with a mystical theme. The bright hues of purple and the naturalistic atmosphere, once again, attract
very young viewers to the product. Secret pictures a frail, flawless female to suggest that varying
types of women may use their product and still resemble the pure and enchanting image. Thus, they
incorporate the text "When you're strong, you Sparkle," to show that by using their product, one can
eliminate the fear of smelling and "sparkle" with confidence. The advertisement itself is very
striking to the human eye. It's busy layout and choice in colors captivates those who enjoy striking
photography.
Unlike the Self Esteem and Secret Deodorant advertisements, which project a flirtatious and
heavenly attitude, Ralph Lauren's advertisement for the new scented hair collection portrays a model
with a sexually suggestive attitude. Ralph Lauren, a clothing line known for its natural yet sexy
look, attracts young females with the desire to be well–known. Although the photography appears
rather simple and plain, the readers

History of Portraiture Essay example
History of Portraiture
Portraiture is a visual representation of an individual people, distinguished by references to the
subject's character, social position, wealth, or profession.
Portraitists often strive for exact visual likenesses. However, although the viewer's correct
identification of the sitter is of primary importance, exact replication is not always the goal. Artists
may intentionally alter the appearance of their subjects by embellishing or refining their images to
emphasize or minimize particular qualities (physical, psychological, or social) of the subject.
Viewers sometimes praise most highly those images that seem to look very little like the sitter
because these images are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Romans were expert in rendering individuals. Some scholars have argued that it was the
practice of making and keeping death masks of ancestors (worn by survivors in the funeral
processions) that accounts for the enormous skill with which Roman portraitists captured the
individuality of their subjects. Many portrait busts survive, including images of Roman rulers as
well as poignant representations of aged citizens. Especially noteworthy are the mummy portraits
from the region of Al FayyÅ«m in Egypt. Painted during the 2nd century ad, these portraits depict
individuals who stare wide–eyed at the viewer. These slightly simplified representations of staring
subjects anticipate the severity and frontal orientation of early medieval portraits.
The Renaissance marked a turning point in the history of portraiture. Partly out of interest in the
natural world and partly out of interest in the classical cultures of ancient Greece and Rome,
portraitsÂ–both painted and sculptedÂ–were given an important role in Renaissance society.
In the Netherlands, Jan van Eyck was a leading portraitist; The Arnolfini Marriage (1434, National
Gallery, London) is a detailed full–length portrait of a couple. Leading German portrait artists
include Hans Holbein the Younger and Albrecht DÃ¼rer.
During the baroque and rococo periods (17th century and 18th century, respectively),

An Explication of W.H. Auden "Musee Des Beaux Arts"
In poetry, the use of allusions is very common. There are briefs, usually indirect references to
another work or to real or historical events or persons, traditionally as a way of connecting those
elements as well as enriching the meaning of the current work through associations with the other.
In his poem "Musee des Beaux Arts", W.H. Auden uses allusions as a way of drawing connections
between his poem, Peter Brueghel's painting " The Fall of Icarus", the myth, and the humanity
indifference toward one's suffering.
Icarus, the subject of this poem, was a figure from Greek mythology. He was the son of Dedalus,
who, in order to escape from prison in Crete, made two pairs of wings, one for him and one for his
son, Icarus. As Icarus and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the painting, the young Icarus falls out of the sky and is swept away in death's cold embrace
while the ploughman continued plowing. The ploughman did not care about the splashing sound
Icarus made, when he felt into the water. Auden's allusion to the fallen Icarus in Breughel's painting
is seen as a significant event as to make the point of the poem stronger: apathy of human suffering.
Like many other sonnets, " Musee des Beaux Arts" is divided into two parts. In general, the first
lines of the poem explore the depth of humanities indifference to one another. Auden makes allusion
to the old master painters of the museum of fine art, who were never wrong about suffering. The
"old masters" understood that people often turned a blind eye to one another's suffering. The Old
Masters were artists of the 18th century whose works, masterpieces of the Renaissance, also are
called old masters. They often painted classical scenes of pagan Greece and Rome as well as scenes
of life and death, like the Fall of Icarus.
About suffering they were never wrong,
The old Masters: how well they understood
Its human position; how it takes place
While someone is eating or opening a window...
How, when the aged are reverently, passionately waiting
For the miraculous birth, there always must be

Children who did not specially want it to happen...
The poem reveals that suffering is part of everyday life, so much that those

Baroque Vs. Baroque Renaissance
The style that followed the Renaissance is usually called 'Baroque'. 'But, while it is easy to identify
the earlier style by definite marks of recognition, this is not so simple in the case of Baroque.'
Baroque is considered to be 'one of the great periods of art history', and it is generally identified as
being developed by Caravaggio, Gianlorenzo Bernini and Annibale Carracci. The Baroque period
developed in Europe in around 1600, and it can be seen partly as a reaction against the intricate and
formulaic Mannerism that dominated the Late Renaissance. Nevertheless, to see Baroque as simply
being a reaction against Renaissance ideals and norms is simplistic. Modern scholarship has
identified within the Baroque clear signs of a return to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By synthesising these elements, I will establish how the Baroque can be distinguished from its
precursors.
The term 'Baroque', like many period designations, is not a complementary one. It had the
connotation of meaning 'bizarre taste' that does not follow the rules of the classical. This provides
one basic definition of the Baroque; its contrast to classicism, despite the fact that Baroque was a
reaction to, and an adaption of, the classical tradition. 'The word 'Baroque' was a term employed by
critics of a later period who fought against the tendencies of the seventeenth century, and wanted to
hold them up to ridicule. Baroque really means... grotesque, and it was used by men who insisted
that the forms of classical building should never have been used or combined except in the ways
adopted by the Greeks and Romans...'
After the idealism of the Renaissance, and the slightly 'forced' nature of Mannerism, Baroque above
all reflected the religious tensions of the age– notably the desire of the Catholic Church in Rome (as
annunciated at the Council of Trent) to reassert itself in the wake of the Protestant Reformation.
Thus, Baroque art became synonymous with the Catholic Counter–Reformation. Baroque art in
Catholic nations reflected the desire of Emperors and monarchs to strengthen their political position
and glorify their own divine grandeur. By comparison, Baroque art in

Jan Brueghel's Extensive Landscape With Travellers On A...
St. Louis, Missouri is famous for the Gateway Arch and the Zoo; however, the Saint Louis Art
Museum (SLAM) is something that can't be overlooked. At a recent trip, I found a landscape
painting that shows the true meaning of human interaction. This panting is called Extensive
Landscape With Travellers on a Country Road and was painted by Jan Brueghel the Elder around
1608 to 1610. Some background information about the infamous painter Jan Brueghel is that he was
born in 1568 in Brussels, Belgium. He was a painter of immense diversity. His art work includes
biblical, mythological, battle scenes, seascapes, still lifes, portraits, and numerous landscapes. Some
of his landscapes themes include: woodland hunts, mountain prospects, country roads ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
It shows the true beauty of a landscape painting with numerous formal elements and principles of
design. The painting is appealing to me because I have always been engaged outside working on our
farm, or hunting with my brother. Knowing the importance a road make for my family when we
move are goods to the local grain elevator. This panting is similar in that regard because it involves
the working class on a winding road. Their dependence on the road to move goods and obtain food
from place to place. Brueghel's painting still hold true today because people depend on roads for
interaction and movement of goods. When gazing at the painting, I can see myself stuck in time;
performing the different tasks alongside the road. When I first saw the painting compared to now, I
would say that my response to the panting has changed. At first glance you see a typical landscape;
however, when analyzing the painting you can find the true meaning of human interactions. As you
can see, The Extensive Landscape With Travellers on a Country Road by Jan Brueghel is a
remarkable painting with numerous elements and principles of design. I hope you enjoyed this
painting as much as I have. I would of never guessed that such a remarkable painting would be
located so close to home at the St. Louis Art

The Raising of the Cross
"The Raising of the Cross" Peter Paul Reubens, "The Raising of The Cross" found on page 265 in
our art book, was created 1610–1611 by the use of oil on panel, dimensions 462 x 339 cm. Many
facets of this painting caught my attention, but the prime facet was the geometric support it
influences and the sentimental effect it distributes to the spectators, also Reuben's motive and
content behind the painting. It may at first glance appear that this painting is all cluttered, but you
would be mistaken. Reuben placed each item precisely in this piece of art. This style of painting is
called Baroque. The style of art Baroque means detailed and broad paintings. Reubens evades rigid
lines and tedious geometric structure to establish life and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In the right panel of the painting, the guards are shouting their orders to the men who are obeying
because they probably would be killed had they not. There are dark clouds rolling in to cover the sun
representing possible sadness, evil and pain. On the left panel of the painting, there are priests,
woman and children cringing in fear and horror. This division of anger, hatred, fear and sadness
evokes many mixed emotions. Reubens use of light and dark colors create a sense of emphasis and
subordination. He puts emphasis on innocent characters such as a woman and children and Jesus.
Everything else in the painting is dark and creates the subordination so that it is not the main focus
in the picture. The one facet that brings a sense of normality back into the painting in my opinion is
the random dog in the middle panel; it is neither sad nor angry. Perhaps this is Reubens attempt to
truly represent the middle of the emotional realm in this painting. Finally, I want to address the true
meaning behind the painting that Reuben intended. The roman leaders and soldiers did not want
people to worship or find encouragement from Jesus and his beliefs in being the son of God. So they
had a trial against him for being a threat against the Romans self–proclaimed authority. The trial
ended with Jesus being sentenced to death by crucifixion. The painting is Reubens interpretation of
what the moment of Jesus being raised up on the cross looked and felt like to him. The

The Various Forms Of Baroque Art In The 17th Century
Understanding the various forms of baroque art requires knowledge of its historical context. The
17th century could be called the first modern age. Human awareness of the world was continuously
expanding. Many scientific discoveries influenced art; Galileo's investigations of the planets, for
example, account for astronomical accuracy in many paintings of the time. BAROQUE STYLE––
emphasized movement, contrast and variety as with the painter Caravaggio who used dark' s in
background in contrast to lights in the foreground As in his picture " The Three Musicians". The
center figure tunes a stringed instrument while the musician on the right sets down his violin to
study some sheet music. The assistant on the left is reaching for grapes and the third player in the
background holds a flute. All of this dipicts movement in the entire picture and a variety of different
figures doing different things. In the 1700's, rulers were anxious to show off their power and wealth.
The most powerful of these was Louis XIV of France. Beginning in Louis's court, the Baroque style
under went a transformation. First , it changed from bold and dramic to festive and decorative and
eventually, to a new, lighter and more graceful art style know as the Rococo Style.
Rococo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rococo – "18th–century style which developed as Baroque
artists gave up their symmetry and became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful. ROCOCO
STYLE––was marked by free, graceful movement, a

Eugene Delacroix Heroic Figures And The Status Viatoris...
McCann, Carmen L. 2006. "Eugene Delacroix's Heroic Figures and the Status Viatoris."
Constructions Of Death, Mourning & Memory Conference, October 27–29, 2006: Proceedings 29–
32. McCann argues that Eugene Delacroix included status viatoris, representations of a state
between life and death, in his works and discusses their importance to depicting a heroic death. This
chapter looks at Delacroix's works, including Liberty Leading the People from, multiple approaches,
including biography, social history, and semiotics. They begin by looking at Delacroix's biography
and his connection with the revolution he painted. McCann then goes into the social history by
addressing not only those who participated in the revolution and are thus depicted in the painting,
but also looking at the motivation for starting revolution. He then goes on to look at the lack
iconography usually associated with death on the lying figures in the foreground and the implication
that within specifically marking them as "dead," the bodies exist in a place between life and death.
This semiotic, post–structuralist approach is useful when engaging with this painting because it
allows for multiple interpretations and readings of heroic death in Delacroix's work. The intersection
of all three approaches provide strong evidence for McCann's argument. They prove to be a useful
combination when approaching Delacriox's Liberty Leading the People.
Mora, Stephanie. "Delacroix's Art Theory and His Definition of Classicism." Journal of Aesthetic
Education 34, no. 1 (2000): 57–75. This article looks broadly at Delacroix's body of work and
provides many approaches. The two most prominent approaches used would have to be social
history and biography, but given the time period and subject matter of many of Delacroix's work, it
is not surprising that these two would be popular. Mora does a good job at addressing the issue of
self–perception by looking at how Delacroix like to depict himself not only in his paintings, but his
writings as well. Through this conversation, she challenges the use of psychoanalysis as an approach
to Delacroix work and highlights how using his self fashioning as evidence does not hold up for a
strong analysis. When engaging with

Abduction Of The Daughters Of Leucippus
Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus is an oil painting created by Peter Paul Rubens in 1617.
Peter Paul Rubens was a German–born Flemish Baroque painter. Baroque is a style that emphasizes
movement, color, and sensuality. His catholic upbringing was influential in his religious references
in his art. He was knighted by Philip IV in Spain and by Charles I in England. He was quoted
saying, "My passion comes from the heavens, not from earthly musings." He began his art
apprenticeship at the early age of fourteen. He studied classic Greek and Rome art and was highly
influence by the great Italian artists Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo. He began his
artistic journey by working under Adam van Noort and Otto van Veen. During his ... Show more
Ruben's work was highly copied and he was able to establish the copyrights for his prints in
Holland, England, France, and Spain. At the mature age of fifty–three, he married his young 16 year
old niece. This sexual pervasiveness toward young females were reflected in his work. He used his
niece as an inspiration for the beautiful female figures in many of his paintings. Five years before
his death in 1935, Rubens purchased an estate outside of the Belgian city of Antwerp. He used the
surrounding landscape as an influence in his later paintings. After producing 8 children and many
great works of art, Rubens passed away in 1640 due to complications of heart stemming from
chronic gout.
Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus by Per Paul Ruben is an oil painting from 1617. Both
young girls have elegant fabric encompassing the back of their legs. Other than the fabric, the girls
are completely nude. Their skin tone is very light, as if they have not seen much sun. Neither girl is
wearing any shoes on their feet. The girl positioned closest to the ground has a golden blonde braid
of hair hanging from her head. The Girl on top has beautifully curled hair. She also has a white cloth
encompassing the uppermost portion of her arm. There is an arm bracelet around the lower girl's
upper right arm. The men are wearing finely crafted shoes or boots. Their skin is a darker bronze
tone as if they

Ip 4 Art
Baroque Period
Unit 4 IP
Art Appreciation
Nicole Woodford
American Intercontinental University
May 6, 2012
Abstract
"Baroque was born in Italy, and later adopted in France, Germany, Netherlands, and Spain. The
word "baroque" was first applied to the art of period from the late 1500s to the late 1700s, by critics
in the late nineteen century. Baroque covers a wide range of styles and artists. In painting and
sculpture we recognize three main forms of Baroque:
Baroque that was primarily associated with the religious tensions within Western Christianity:
division on Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. In response to the Protestant Reformation of the
early sixteen century, the Roman Catholic Church had embarked in the 1550s ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead the wealth father welcomes his son back into the home. "The aged artist's power of realism
is not diminished, but increased by psychological insight and spiritual awareness. Expressive
lighting and colouring and the magic suggestiveness of his technique, together with a selective
simplicity of setting, help us to feel the full impact of the event." (Rembrandt's Prodigal Son, 2012).
Just like Caravaggio's art, Rembrandt's art had a biblical perspective with their art, that is displayed
with energy and feeling.
The rising of the cross by: Peter Paul http://static.artbible.info/large/rubens_oprichtig.jpg The rising
of the cross is also a religious baroque painting, the painting shows Jesus being risen up on the after
being crucified, the painting is filled with drama and power. The strong, tainted figures lug the ropes
in order to raise the cross, carrying the pale body of Jesus. drama and power. The strong, tainted
figures lug the ropes in order to raise the cross, carrying the pale body of Jesus. The influence of
Michelangelo and Tintoretto on Rubens is obvious in the muscular bodies. Peter Paul Rubens was a
renowned diplomatic artist.
All of the Baroque paintings

Prometheus Bound
Visual Analysis: Prometheus Bound Peter Paul Rubens' painting, Prometheus Bound, is a large oil
painting on canvas currently on display at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. The painting is
approximately sized at eight by seven feet and portrays the Greek Titan Prometheus chained to a
cliff as his liver is eaten by an eagle. Rubens captures and allows the viewer to experience the most
dramatic and gruesome moment of the myth, when the majestic bird attacks the Titan, by
implementing the tenebrism technique, a unique composition and perspective, and symbolism.
Prometheus Bound was painted by Peter Paul Rubens with assistance from Franz Snyder during the
Flemish Baroque period in the South Netherlands. Rubens started the piece in 1611–1612, however
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, in the myth, Prometheus steals fire from the gods to give to the struggling humans,
which ultimately led to the progression of humanity. The flaming torch in the bottom left is a
symbol and attribute for Prometheus, however it also represents his crime. Also, according to the
myth, when Zeus, the king of the gods, discovers that the Titan defied his orders and stole the fire
from Olympus, he punished Prometheus by expelling him Olympus, chaining him to the top of a
mountain, and sentencing him to have his liver eaten by an eagle every day for all eternity. The
eagle, however, is not just a part of the story. The predatory bird is a symbol of Zeus in Greek
mythology. Another symbol for Zeus is storm clouds, because he is the god of the sky and lightning.
In the painting, the sky is full of dark grey and tumultuous storm clouds, which may represent Zeus'
anger at the Titan, while also conveying a serious tone. The painting also reveals green land in the
distance and far below the peak of the mountain. Rubens may have included the green scenery in the
background, behind the cliffs and Prometheus to emphasize the Titan's isolation from the rest of the
world as part of his punishment. The chains in the painting also convey a sense of isolation,

Comparing Art And The Baroque Eras
Comparing Art of the Renaissance and the Baroque Eras
The Renaissance and the Baroque eras created some of the most famous works of art produced in
the world. The two eras expressed differences in style and theme, but they also have many
characteristics in common. To better understand the similarities of the eras it will be described by
the characteristics, styles and the influences of each; Renaissance and Baroque works of art. Famous
artist from the Renaissance era were Leonard da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti. Famous artist
from the Baroque era were Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn and Michelangelo Merisi o Amerighi
da Caravaggio.
The Renaissance History
The Renaissance era began in Italy, spread to the rest of Europe and lasted from the 14th to the 17th
century. It was defined as a period of cultural history that represented a break from the Middle Ages
and an understanding of humanity ("Italian Renaissance", 2014). The Renaissance began at the end
of the black plaque. For the survivors there were opportunities and these opportunities brought about
the artistic breakthroughs. It became the era of rebirth for society; learning and culture. The era was
influenced by conflict between the Catholics and the Protestants, during this time, society explored
religious options other than the Roman Catholic Church, they explored new beliefs; the power of the
Church had decreased.
At first, the subject matter was about religion, saints, Christ, the love of life and beauty

Peter Paul Rubens Essay
In 1600, Peter Paul Rubens left his home in Antwerp, and he set off to Italy. Soon after arriving in
Italy, Ruben entered the service of the Duke of Mantua, Vincenzo Gonzaga.
The duke's palace had a great art collection, and Ruben found time to visit various other cities in
Italy since he wasn't expected to be at the household all of the time.
Rubens completed his education in Rome.
During Rubens' first visit to Rome, he painted 3 altarpieces for the Church of Sta Croce.
In 1603, Peter's duke sent Peter on a diplomatic mission to Spain where he made an equestrian
portrait of the Duke of Lerma.
In 1605, Rubens decided to stay in Rome for 3 years, and during this period of, he commissioned
and created various pieces of art and decoration.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maria in Vallicella. At first, he created an altarpiece that showed St. Gregory, various other saints,
and Madonna and Child. The poor lighting in the church did not make a good impression of this
altarpiece. Then, Rubens decided to replace this altarpiece with three images painted on slate.
His mother's sickness and death would change Rubens' career forever. When Rubens heard that his
mother was sick, he left Italy to return to Antwerp, but he would never come back.
In Antwerp, the sovereigns, or rulers, of Spanish Netherlands appointed Ruben as court painter.
Archduke Albert and his consort, Isabella.
Rubens created the "Four Philosophers", and the humanistic atmosphere pf Antwerp helped to
inspire and influence the work of art. This painting is a commemorative one with Justus Lipsius
with 2 pupils being Rubens and his brother.
The "Raising of the Cross" meant for the church of St. Walburga, and this piece of art made him the
leading master of the city.

Soon after, Rubens created hunting pieces with men fighting beasts as well as more religious yet
worldly pieces of art such as "Descent From the Cross" and "Great Last

Art Appreciation Unit 4 Ip Essay
From the Baroque Period through the Romantic Age
May 20, 2010
Unit 4 Individual Project
ART205–1002B–12
American InterContinental University
Abstract
During this assignment I will talk about three types of Work of Art from three different artists from
the Baroque period through the postmodern era. 1). Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio; 2)
Rembrandt van Rijn; and 3) Peter Paul Rubens, these three artists were known for their religious
theme in their art work. The naturalism that was visibly demonstrated in each of the artist work with
high contrast of lighting that noticeably appeared in these paintings. Each artist was well known and
respected for their work.
The three artists Works of Art that I have chosen are: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Until the late 19th century many biographers and art scholars deliberately ignored Caravaggio work.
Some people felt as if his work was to natural or just ordinary. (Sayre, 2010) His work of art was
characterized by displaying weakness or humankind. Sometime people had a difficult time trying to
figure out if his painting was religious or not. In fact the contrast in his paintings between light and
dark tones was evident in the spiritual content and its representation in the painting. (Sayre, 2010)
Caravaggio became ill on a beach in Port Ercole. Caravaggio passed away July 18, 1610 after
battling with malaria which he fought to overcome.
Rembrandt van Rijn: The Resurrection of Christ c. 1635–39 (Oil on Canvas)
Description of Rembrandt Work of Art
The Resurrection of Christ is from the Baroque period. This work of art portrays the sense of
dramatic antagonism that Caravaggio achieved by manipulating light across full range of tones,
changing the intensity and transforming its radiance this was done so that every beam and shadow
expressed a dissimilar emotional content. (Sayre, 2010) In Rembrandt painting he focused on using
emotional contrast between light and dark tones to emphasize the emotional difference. Here you
can see pure light radiating out of the tomb of darkness. Christ himself begins to rise from the tomb
in the light of true symbolic

Hagar Leaves The House Of Abraham And Hagar
Honors Humanities Essay #1
How does it feel like if two people you love ask you to choose between them? Well this is actually
from the Story of Abraham and Hagar. Abraham had a wife named Sarah. Sarah could not give him
a child, so she told him to sleep with her maid servant so that she can give Abraham a child for their
family. Hagar became pregnant and had Ishmel. A few years later, Sarah became pregnant and had
Isaac. Sarah was not happy about Hagar living with Abraham so she chases Hagar and Ishmael out.
Abraham prays to god to not let Hagar and Ishmael die, and Hagar and Ishmael get water. The
Abraham Casting Out Hagar and Ishmael by Johann Friedrich Overbeck and The Hagar Leaves the
House of Abraham by Peter Paul Rubens both exhibit the Biblical story of Hagar leaving Sarah and
Abraham. As displayed by the expression of Abraham and the women in both paintings, Overbeck's
painting suggests that Abraham is trying to compromise and comfort both women because of his
two kids, whereas Rubens' painting suggests that Abraham is a little afraid and devastated of his
wife Sarah so he steps back. Rubens' painting displays Abraham as a man who scared of his wife
because Hagar does not have her child yet, while in Overbeck's painting, Abraham is displayed as a
guy who loves his children.
First, Judging by the hand gestures of Abraham exhibited by Overbeck's painting, suggests the
viewers that Abraham is trying to persuade both women to a compromise, while Ruben's painting

Prometheus : The Myth Of Prometheus
As legend dictates, the myth of Prometheus represents one of the most cruel and heartbreaking
depictions of what it means to betray authority in doing what one believes to be best. As the myth
goes, Prometheus was a Titan instrumental who was instrumental in shaping the human race. In
order to make man feel less vulnerable and weak, Prometheus decided to steal fire from the forges
of Hephaestus so that humans could create tools out of metal; he sought to empower humans in their
struggles with this gift. However, Zeus was angry with Prometheus for his transgression, and
therefore punished him by isolating him and chaining him to a rock, and sending an eagle each and
every day to peck out his liver for all of eternity (Cartwright). Stories like those of the Titan have
been captured via art throughout history. Both the Renaissance and the Baroque period referred back
to and paid homage to many classical elements of Greco–Roman culture through architecture,
sculpture, and painting. This classical influence, along with a renewed devotion to religion inspired
by the Counter–Reformation, used art to inspire emotion in the churchgoers' and the general public
audience. One of these artists was the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, who painted both religious
and mythological scenes. One of his greatest works was a gigantic canvas representing the
punishment of Prometheus that was co–painted with his assistant, Frans Snyders. Rubens'
Prometheus Bound represents how mythological

Faceton Museum
Over the spring break, my parents decided to take me to visit colleges. Of the two colleges we
visited, one of them is located near Washington D.C. We were supposed to visit Georgetown
University, but we had one day to relax, so my family decided to visit the National Gallery of Art.
My dad originally suggested the Smithsonian Museum, but my said that on Yelp, the National
Gallery of Art was ranked 1st in museums in Washington, which is much better than Smithsonian,
which was ranked 12th. So, we left our hotel and arrived at the museum just as soon as it opened.
The National Gallery of Art, funded by the government, had free admissions. In addition to free
admission, there were free audio tours that you could sign up for. Basically, you would give the man
at the desk a valuable item (e.g., your driver license, I.D., credit card) and, in exchange, he gave you
this device that sort of looked like an old flip phone. In order for the device to work, you would go
to specific paintings and punch in the numbers that should be shown next to the title of the piece.
You would then bring the device up to your ears as it plays an audio clip mostly explaining ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The color scheme of the piece could be called monochromatic. A large majority of the piece is
simply the different shades of brown and orange that are used for the lions and the rocks. However,
Sir Peter Rubens decides to add a bright red colored cloth behind Daniel in order to add variety and
interest to the viewer. With the use of all the elements of design, Sir Peter achieved various other
principles of design. Balance, for instance, is established through the placement of the forms in the
piece. Although more lions are on the left side of the piece, the lions on the right are much more
bigger than the left, with more details and also more action to their forms as well. The main figure,
Daniel, is also not entirely centered, which helps balance the painting

The Massacre Of The Innocents Analysis
The Massacre of the innocents gives the viewer a glimpse into the life and artistic journey of
Flemish Baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens. When one looks at the painting, it is as if they are
reading the journal of the artist. The artist's personal style, which was developed through inspiration
from great artists such as Caravaggio, Michelangelo and Raphael, stands out in this painting. One
can clearly see elements of the painting which have been influenced by the works of the artists that
he carefully studied. (Jaffe,10)
The painting itself is an artistic representation of the account told in the Gospel where King Herod
ordered the killing of infant boys. The painting was made in c.1610 BCE, has the dimensions 142 x
182 cm and uses the medium oil on wood (Jaffe, 73, 194). The painting, like many of Rubens'
artworks has a dynamic sense of movement along with the expression of the full spectrum of human
emotions. Children can be seen being torn from their mother's arms, some dead and others brutally
injured. Mothers are shown mourning over the death of their child or trying to escape from the
soldiers by scratching or biting (Williams, 1).
Rubens' artistic training began in the 1590's under the guidance of Tobias Verhaecht and Adam van
Noort. However, Ruben entered his apprenticeship with Otto van Veen in 1594, who had the most
profound influence on Rubens' work in his early years. The early works of Rubens were heavily
influenced by the works of Van Veen and Renaissance

The Works Of Eugene Delacroix
Eugene Delacroix, born on April 26 1798, was a French painter who had a lot of influence on
Romanticism. He studied art at age 17 and academic painter, Baron Pierre–Narcisse Guerin,
mentored him. He learned from the romantic Landscapist and used some of their techniques. Early
on in his life, he demonstrated the influence that Michelangelo and Peter Paul Rubens, two excellent
artists, had on his painting. Delacroix intensely studied Michelangelo's modeling of figures and the
matter of life or death he brought to the canvas. He was also deeply affected by Rubens ' treatment
of color. Romantic artist play around with emotions, divinity found in nature and the sense of
creativity or imagination. He developed his own style over the years and had a unique approach with
color. His style was to show pain and suffering in his work through bright colored canvases which
exploded with energy.
Delacroix's use of color was influential in the development of Impressionist and also of Post–
Impressionist painting. His inspiration came mostly from historical or contemporary events or
literature, and also the visit to Morocco in 1832 provided him with further exotic subjects. Delacroix
Debuted at the Paris salon of 1822 where he exhibited his first painting Dante and Virgil in hell
which was inspired by Dante's Divine comedy but influenced by Michelangelo and Paul Peter
Rubens style as I said before. Later on, as his experience keep growing and his style maturing,
Delacroix painted "the

The Works Of Rembrandt And Rubens
The Works of Rembrandt and Rubens
During the 17th century, especially after their break from Spain, The United Provinces of the
Netherlands became the most prosperous nation in Europe by leading the world in trade, science,
and art. Through the huge and one of the first art markets, art became a common household
possession and allowed artists to freely express themselves, which is one of the evidential factors in
three of the most universally admired artists of the baroque art era. Rubens, an influential Flemish
artist of the Italian baroque scene, focused more on the works of the counter–reformation while the
masters of the Dutch baroque art, such as Rembrandt, were in the heart of the protestant Dutch
Republic. These three artists share similar artistic styles but yet have extremely evident differences
and influences. The artists' work also have a great portrayal of the historical and social impacts of
the 17th century.
This dynamic century shaped much of the modern world of today. With all the great scientific
discoveries and the recent protestant reformation, the world no longer revolved around religious
devotion and mysticism but had a stronger focus on individuality. The laws of nature and
observation by reasoning proved that everyone is capable of observing the world through
mathematics, logic, and experimentation. Another major characteristic of the 17th century is the
major political decisions and the international struggle for colonial domination. Colonialism was

The Art And Baroque Art Of Peter Paul Rubens
Peter Paul Rubens (b. Siegen, Germany, 1577; d. Antwerp, 1640) was a Flemish painter revered as
the most versatile and influential baroque artist of Northern Europe in the 17th century. Rubens's art
emphasizes the theory of artistic imitation, and blends features of the Italian High Renaissance and
Northern realism with elements from antiquity. Rubens specialized in making altarpieces, portraits,
landscapes, and history paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects. In his painting Venus and
Adonis, mid–1630s, Rubens juxtaposed Ovid's "Metamorphoses" (book X) and Titian's Venus and
Adonis, 1553–1554, to generate his own invention that relies on his theories of artistic imitation.
Rubens painting is predominantly influenced by, but not modeled after Titian's piece, which he
copied in Madrid in 1629. Rubens was born in the German town of Siegen, in Westphalia. His
father, Jan Rubens, a lawyer and alderman of Antwerp, had fled the Spanish Netherlands in 1568
with his wife, Maria Pypelinckx, and four children to escape religious persecution for his Calvinist
beliefs. After Jan's death in 1587, the family returned to Antwerp, where young Peter Paul, raised in
his mother's Roman Catholic faith, and received a classical education. His humanist education
seriously began with his apprenticeship to Otto van Veen, with whom he probably worked with from
1594 to 1598. During this period, Antwerp developed into an important center for the Counter
Reformation due to a serious

The Judgment of Paris and The Miracle of the Fishes Artwork
How often do we see things in life that require a double–take, a second glance, a follow–up look, or
even multiple subsequent studies? The answer is quite simple: everyday. The things we often look at
a second time are often not intellectually worth the look, whether it be an irrational teenager
attempting some outrageous skateboarding stunt, a monkey drinking its own urine, or even a two–
headed cat, people have stopped spending their second or third glances on things that are meaningful
and sensible. As a result people have lost the appreciation of evaluating and scrutinizing art and
often don't think of looking at it a second or third time to really "look" at it. Sure people go to
museums and galleries, but nowadays, how many of them ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In the first painting, Paris is giving the gift of the Golden Apple to the Goddess Aphrodite for her
stunning and blinding beauty; whereas in the second painting Jesus is giving the gift of food to the
famished fishermen, who up until then had no food for themselves. This theme is always seen in
many different ways due to the fact that the range of gifts is vast and can contain a plethora of
different types of things. Despite having the same theme and basic ideas, the paintings differ in the
motives for the gift giving. In The Judgment of Paris, Paris gives the Golden Apple to Aphrodite
partially because it was commanded of him by Zeus and partially because of his personal gain.
Contrary to that idea of gift–giving to raise the already magnificent even higher, is the idea of Jesus'
selfless contribution to those in need. The two paintings also have one major difference; their styles
differ in that the first has very prominent and refined looking characters and the second has more
moderate and somewhat petty ones. In The Miracle of the Fishes the focus is on the modesty of the
fisherman, whereas, in The Judgment of Paris the characters–the goddesses especially–appear
dignified and distinguished. In both of these paintings Jordaens uses aspects that are inherent in the
majority of his works. He incorporates two well–known details; the anatomy of human bodies–men
appear robust, hardy and strong, while the

How Does One Re Work History?
How does one re–work history? Do they re–work the message around it or do they re–work culture
that surrounds it. In this essay we will look at two artists that reshape and re contextualize historical
works. They create a meaning that forms a new genealogy around the image, creating a new subject
of discussion.
Kehinde Wiley works with historical paintings. He re–shapes the imagery to re–work the influence
historical works portray; a rich aristocratic power and influence. He re–works this by replacing the
figures, with black youths in ghetto clothing .He has the youths reflect the pose of what would be a
symbol of wealth and power. He re–works the history he wants to tell, and how much he wants to
portray in his works . He photographs his subjects, and have them pose in the poses of the artists he
draws inspiration from; Baroque Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens, British artist Thomas
Gainsborough, and Napoleon's court painter Jacques–Louis David. There's a reason he draws
inspiration from these artists, "there is a reason for that" Says Wiley " and that has to do with power"
These poses are meant to evoke a conversation around art history. The subjects in the original
paintings are white males or females of power or of some importance, paid for by the people who
can afford. This was the height of luxury in the eighteen centaury. "Big flashy pictures of young
African American men recast as kings, dandies, prophets and saints of European portraiture subvert
the time warn

Christ Triumphant Over Sin and Death by Peter Paul Ruben...
Christ Triumphant Over Sin and Death by Peter Paul Ruben
Man has been painting since the beginning of existence. In fact, it was one of the very first methods
of expression and communication ever used by humans. Art has been used to represent diverse kinds
of religion, beliefs, and points of from all around the world as a form of expression that could last
forever and speak every language. At this time I am going to refer to a specific form of art. This type
of art is painting. I am also going to refer to a particular painting. This distinct painting is titled
Christ Triumphant Over Sin and Death by Peter Paul Ruben (1577–1640) and is in the Columbus
Art Museum located in Columbus, Ohio. This painting of Christ Triumphant ... Show more content
Christ is sitting on top of a rock, holding a scepter in his left hand. This scepter is a symbol of power
and authority. There are two angels bringing crowns to Christ made of laurel flowers and there is
also an archangel bringing a vivid red cape for the lord. Right beside the angels you can see the fire
of hell in crimson and saffron bright colors. It is very easy to perceive the power that Christ holds
over all. Under his feet a snake seems to be slithering representing sin. Also beneath him there is a
skull representing death. The strengths for the painting are a perfect match between the title and the
artist representation. The background was made trying to get the attention of the viewer in Christ
and the objets around him, but it is almost impossible to describe the place. The colors of the
background are dark and out of focal point; what I think leaves up to the viewer imagination to
decide were it took place. It is very easy to understand the meaning of the painting but I cannot
make a real description of were it suppose to take place.
The idea of the painting seems to represent the difference between good and evil. It also seems to be
teaching us that in all situations goodness will persevere over evil. Peter Paul Ruben feeds us this
idea when he applies beaming active colors to the faces on the characters in the painting. He does
this in order to pull the observer into the overall theme of the piece.

Brief Review Of The Sacrifice Of Isaac By Peter Paul Rubens
Touring at the Nelson Atkins Museum of Art, I got to see many paintings from different eras. The
area that interested me the most was the Baroque style. Specifically, the painting called "The
Sacrifice of Isaac" by Peter Paul Rubens which stands around 55 ½ x 43 ½ inches (Zarling, 2014). It
is an oil painting on wood panel was made in 1612–1613 Baroque period ("Peter Paul", n.d.). Since
the Counter–Reformation, the style of paintings has become more realistic and dramatic with light,
color and space. The Sacrifice of Isaac painting fits the baroque style because of the drama
represented. Therefore, the body positions of the characters makes it more theatrical. Such as,
Abraham in the red cloak is hunch over slightly looking up with a knife

A Comparative Visual Analysis : David Slaying Goliath
Reflection Paper: A Comparative Visual Analysis
This paper gives a comparative visual analysis of two artworks from the same period; "David
Slaying Goliath", by Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1616 and "The Sense of Touch", by Jusepe de Ribera, c.
1615–1616. Despite the fact that the artworks are from the same period, they are both unique in
terms of details and the themes they represent. This visual analysis compares and contrasts the way
in which the artists employed the different characteristics of the baroque movement to come up with
their unique compositions. "David Slaying Goliath, c. 1616 by Peter Paul Rubens" (Norton Simon
museum n.p)
David Slaying Goliath Ruben's painting is based on a religious theme. It shows the triumph of David
over the Philistine giant Goliath. The moment capture by Ruben is after the fall of Goliath. The
composition shows David in the act of severing the giant's head. He has his right foot on the dead
body of Goliath while his sword is raised behind his back, ready to fall on the neck of goliath. "The
Sense of Touch, c. 1615–1616, by Jusepe de Ribera" (Norton Simon museum n.p)
The Sense of Touch The theme of Jusepe's composition is based on senses. The composition depicts
a blind man holding a three dimensional sculpture with his left hand while he uses his right to
discern its features. On the foreground of the composition, the artist included a painting which can
be seen laying flat on the table.
Comparison and Contrast The Sense of Touch and

Critique of The Raising of the Cross Essay
The Raising of the Cross is one in a series of paintings based on the crucifixion of Christ by Peter
Paul Rubens. This piece was painted between 1609 and 1610 with oil on canvas in life size with the
centerpiece of the triptych measuring 15'2" by 11'2". It is now displayed in the Cathedral of Our
Lady in Antwerp, Belgium (Dunton, 164). Peter Paul Rubens was a Flemish artist that painted in
Baroque style, his paintings were mostly of religious and mythical origin and his skill in such has
been highly regarded in his lifetime and since. (www.peterpaulrubens.com) Born June 28, 1577,
Rubens development as a painter, apparently, started early. After his father's death and his family
moving to Antwerp he decided he wished to be a painter ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In the center panel of The Raising of the Cross, there are many men struggling to lift Christ on the
cross. I think the implied significance of this is the biblical reference to the weight of the sins of the
world being on Christ and his death being the ultimate sacrifice. Ruben seems to portray this by
showing how heavy a weight that is by the men struggling to lift Christ. The angling of the cross and
the styling of the painting is very similar to Ruben's artistic inspirations, such as Caravaggio
(Getlein 425). Besides the cross, there seems to be a clearly implied line pointing to the sign above
Jesus' head where it states that he is "Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews" in multiple languages
(Bible, Gospel of John 19:19–20). There appears to be, what looks like, a skull in the wall behind
the cross, this would likely be the skull of Goliath, since the hill is Golgotha (the Place of the Skull)
(Bible, Mark 15:22). Jesus is clearly more brightly lit than the rest of the painting giving him
emphasis in the image and the rocks behind the group being subordinate to them. The man in red
that is lifting the cross seems to stand out among the men, he isn't dressed the same and he's darker
skinned than the rest, I suspect this could be Simon of Cyrene, the man that was ordered to carry
Jesus' cross after he collapsed (Bible, Luke 23:26)and Cyrene is in modern–day Libya and Simon

Peter Paul Rubens Raising Of The Cross Essay
The piece that stood out to me the most from the readings was Peter Paul Rubens' The Raising of the
Cross. I believe the piece is a culmination of influences from his predecessors and contemporaries
and religious works of the Baroque period. I also see this work in particular as a very obvious
embodiment of emotional realist art, though with its own original and unique interpretation of the art
style. It is apparent that the Carracci brothers' Ceiling of Gallery inspired Rubens' work. From
studying their work, Rubens learned anatomical accuracy and realistic physical representations of
bodies. In Ruben's painting, the bodies depicted are all realistic and anatomically probable, a stark
contrast from early humanist work which illustrated huge, heroic, near science–defying bodies that
were more akin to mythology than actual beings. The figures in Rubens' work are certainly
idealized, with Christ being very muscular himself, but there is also believability to their depictions.
For example, the old woman on the side mourning Christ's crucifixion is thoroughly detailed, and
simply looks to be real, or something we would perceive in day–to–day life. ... Show more content
Caravaggio was known for his realistic, dramatic, emotion–evoking works, which is mirrored in
Rubens' The Raising of the Cross. Rubens' painting evokes a lot of emotions for the audience and
transcends classical art forms that simply evoked thoughts detached of emotion. Rubens' also
utilized a technique that Caravaggio popularized: tenebrism. In the Raising of the Cross, all
peripheral figures are dimmed and in the dark, while Christ, the focal point has a bright light cast
upon him, to draw viewers closer to Christ, literally and

Peter Paul Rubens Dichotomy
Peter Paul Rubens is known as one of the great artists of the Baroque period. Notorious for his
paintings of religious scenes, mythology, and portraits, his style is easily recognizable through his
portrayal of large, pale, nude women (Johnson 144, 145). In his painting, Diana and Her Nymphs
Departing for the Hunt, Rubens positions Diana, a goddess in Roman mythology, at the forefront of
the piece partially topless, reflecting her fertility and sexuality; meanwhile in the background a
confrontation between a nymph and satyr display the conflict between nakedness and nudity, male
and female, and obscene and control. Diana is the Roman goddess of the moon, the hunt,
childbearing, and chastity. According to the Cleveland Museum of Art, different ... Show more
In the article, "Erotic Ambiguities: The Female Nude in Art," Helen McDonald, graduate of fine arts
at University of Melbourne, argues that the difference between nude and naked can be simplified to
the difference between "privilege form over matter, male over female, and art over obscenity"
(McDonald 61). In order for the naked body to "survive as art," Rubens must "discipline" and
"regulate" the body (McDonald 61). In the painting, Diana and her nymphs are nude as opposed to
naked because they are bounded by clothes and their body movements seem controlled. However,
the satyr is naked instead of nude because his motions appear erratic and forceful, not within
bounds, and the nymph is trying to control him. Diana, the goddess of the hunt, epitomizes control
in the photo not just through her body language but because she has the power to tame wild animals,
which is illustrated with her interaction with the dogs in the painting. Additionally, Nicole Sault in
"The Savage Body" claims that a "savage" can be distinguished through "his nakedness" and that
savages are typically portrayed as males until they have been controlled, in which they are depicted
as female (Sault 4). The male satyr is a clear representation of a savage through his bare, partially
animalistic body, while Diana is noticeably calm and composed. The

Analysis of the Triumph of Divine Love
The art piece that I selected for my analysis is called The Triumph of Divine Love by Peter Paul
Rubens. The artwork is an oil painting on canvas, circa 1625. This piece of art was commission by
Isabella Clara Eugenia, Infanta of Spain and Portugal. The Triumph of Divine Love was one of
eleven art pieces in a series portraying the Eucharist cycle, an important issue in the Catholic–
Protestant strife. Its purpose was to aid in the Catholic Reformation and the artwork was to be
displayed at the Convento de las Descalzas Reales in Madrid. (Ringling Museum n.d.)
The scene it portrays shows a woman holding an infant while she stands on a chariot drawn by two
lions. Surrounding her in the air and around her feet are sixteen angels or ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are also several doves at the bottom of the painting, presumably indicating purity and perhaps
symbols of love as well. (Wall Text 2012) The focal point of the painting is the woman with infant.
This is shown by the lighting in the painting being directly on her, the bright red that she is wearing,
and the circling of the putti around her figure along with the majority of their gazes being directed at
her. The bright light directly behind her and the infant could possibly be coming from the sun behind
the clouds in the sky, the putti to her upper right holding the torch, or it could be symbolic in that it
is the infant's halo and representative of his divine nature. The overall piece is not overly dark but
the lighting seems to be most focused on the woman, infant, her other children, and the flying putti.
This is an example of tenebrism. The flying putti are shown in a ring around the woman, some
holding hands. Some have feathered wings; others have either insect or fairy–like wings. They all
seem to have individual faces and expressions and all express happiness. The putti are contorted in
different positions as they fly in the air, and Rubens uses foreshortening with the limbs to achieve
this and show movement and action in the piece, especially with the two putti directly above the
woman's head and the back of their feet showing to the viewer. He also uses chiaroscuro to give the
putti volume shown by the lighting

The Consequences Of War Peter Rubens
The Consequences of War was painted in 1638–1639 by Peter Rubens for the Medici family. Peter
Rubens was a humanist and a Northern Renaissance Flemish painter who was famous for his
mythological and historical style, unlike most Reformation artists. Peter Rubens, at the time of this
painting, was also a diplomat living in the midst of the Thirty Year's War. He used this to express his
feelings on the conflict, which were not positive. The center of attention was put on Mars, the
Roman god of war, and Venus, the Roman god of love and beauty. The Classical references used in
The Consequences of War are very direct. The veiled woman in black on the left, representing the
people of Europe, along with Venus can be seen grabbing desperately at Mars, ... Show more content
Immediately when one looks at The Consequences of War, the dark and somber mood isn't difficult
to pick up on. The whole painting gives off an aura of the inevitability, the tragedies, and the horrors
of war. This reflects the diplomat Rubens' thoughts on the issue perfectly. He believed that if war
comes, then tragedy and horror are as inevitable as God's will. The fact he reflected his beliefs in his
painting is a humanistic belief. He used his painting to cause change in the importance of diplomacy,
to reform society. The Consequences of War embodies the Renaissance belief of humanism because
it was painted by one individual who believed he could be significant in the world and cause change
for the better by using his knowledge and abilities. The way by which Peter Rubens accomplishes
this in his painting is influenced by other Renaissance beliefs. The most notable of these was his use
of mythological characters to represent the literal consequences of war rather than to paint them
directly. This is just one part of Peter Rubens' use of Classicism in The Consequences of War. He
distastes the musician and the architect being tossed aside and ignored, which shows the revival of
the Classical belief of the importance of music and the arts. Furthermore, the book being crushed
under Mars' feet show Rubens' desire for a learned populace, which

Judith Beheading Holofernes
The fifteen and sixteen hundreds were a time when church was the central point of most people's
lives. The church had many wealthy patrons, who would hire well known artist, to paint their
depictions of biblical stories, for both church use and patron's personal lives. Because of this, the
early baroque artist produced many painting, and sculptures of religious subject matter, and Rubens
was no exception to this. Although not all of his career focused around religious paintings, Ruben's
produced Judith and Holofernes, (figure 1) with the use of pictorial traditions that were similar to
other baroque artists' interpretation of biblical story due to its popularity as a subject matter. Judith
beheading Holofernes is a biblical story found in the book of Judith in the Old Testament, which
tells the story of one woman's success in killing the general that was in charge of destroying her
home. She seduced Holofernes while he was intoxicated, waited till he was asleep, and used his own
sword to decapitate, and take his head. Rubens chose to paint the seen in a close up, more intimate,
way to put completely focus on the three separate characters, and not about ... Show more content
Much like their similarities in style, they both shared some common iconography traits between
Judith and Holofernes and Judith Beheading Holofernes (figure 6) by Caravaggio. Both artist
beautify Judith, to their own standards, and make the maid noticeably older, probably a procuress, to
assist Judith. The beauty of Judith is important because it plays into the seduction that went into the
murder. Caravaggio, however, often painted scenes that were very up in the viewer's face. Judith
Beheading Holofernes is very violent and bloody which forces the viewer to face the darkness of
this murder which was uncommon in earlier version of the story. Rubens stuck to the traditional, less
graphic

Anthony Van Dyck And His Influence During The Baroque Period
This essay focuses on Anthony Van Dyck and his influence during the baroque
period, his portrayal of people through portraiture and the work that focuses on depicting
religious and mythological paintings such as Daedalus and Icarus, around 1620. As well as
exploring his life and influence through portraiture.
The artist, Anthony Van Dyck known most notably for his impact within the
baroque period, around 1621–72. Was known for his portrayal in religious works as well as
his portraits. He was the pupil of Hendrick van Balen, a Flemish baroque painter and
stained–glass designer; this allowed him to flourish as an artist at such an early age. Soon
after, he became Peter Paul Rubens assistant; Rubens another ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The baroque period was very important piece European art history, in which all
forms of art was changed under the influence of "religious and ideological movements of
the Catholic Counter–Reformation in Europe." (Sandywell, 1st Edition, 2011) This era
lasted from early 1600 to late 1800. The baroque period can also be broken down into two
sub categories: Italian baroque and Spanish baroque. The paintings during the baroque
period this time heavily focused on building and expanding their work on "naturalistic
tradition reestablished during the Renaissance" (Lagasse, 2017) specifically in ways art
was more focused on playing with depth and space. Letting the eye perceive something
with greater depth or space through the use of color manipulation. This really impacts the

viewer, and helps them receive a sense of emotion through art. Works had "A heightened
sense of drama was achieved through chiaroscuro", (Lagasse, 2017) playing with tints and
tones or lightness and darkness within a piece of painting. The added effect of depth
through colour was really thought out and changed art during this era. To create a realistic
piece that portrays emotion caught the attention of people. Compared to older works of art
that had been used for propaganda, building incredible structures, or to worship their God;
the

San Velazquez 's Las Meninas
Kim 1
Diego Velázquez 's Las Meninas
Las Meninas by Diego Velázquez is depicted as a group portrait of Spanish King Philip IV (8 April
1605 – 17 September 1665) at the Habsburg court. The painting well demonstrates Velázquez 's
painting techniques that can be recognized by dramatic mood, rich color and extreme contrast
between light and dark. It is absolutely extraordinary and implies influences Velázquez has had,
especially Flemish Baroque realism. Velázquez had a deeper ambition in his mind when creating this
masterpiece. He wanted to earn the title that can ensure him a high position in society. So, Velázquez
had this desire for an aristocratic title better than any other single court positions he could get.
Diego Velázquez was born in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Greatest Works of Art of Western Civilization. New York: Artisan, 1997., 226
. Velázquez used refined techniques and composition so effectively to create this masterpiece
describing the presence of the royal family. To create such a high–class art, he emphasized his
techniques and ability by reflecting reality in the painting. A clear and description of the royal court,
Las Meninas is a masterpiece that demonstrates both Velázquez 's skill as a painter and the
complexities of human intellectualism. The figures are painted near life–sized to show many things;
overwhelming realism, complexities, and symbolism.
The painting is oil on canvas completed in 1656. At first, the painting was called El Cuadro de la
Familia in seventeenth–century the Royal Palace at Madrid Martin, John Rupert. Baroque. New
York: Harper & Row, 1977., 337
. The main focal point is Infanta Margarita Maria, the royal princess who stares the audience from
the middle of the painting. Around her are two of the Queen 's maids of honor, Dona Maria
Augustina on the left and Dona Isabel de Velasco on the right. There are two older people behind the
princess, Dona Marcela de Ulloa and Guarda Damas. There is also Velázquez himself standing back
of the easel. He indicates his privilege by putting himself in the painting. All these people in the

Leonardo Da Vinci : The Relationship Between Art And Science
Historically, the relation between art and science seems to be a relationship between literature and
science, since literature is the most common and fastest–influenced art of social reality and its
richest in terms of the multiplicity of expressive materials that convey people's feelings in order to
convey their human message. The science from this angle also serves the practical needs of people
and provides them with the knowledge of substantive laws and increases their interaction with
nature and take advantage of its machines.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was a Renaissance monk who was one of his most important works.
He was a genius in the Renaissance. He embodied the spirit of his time, leading to the discovery of
the most important forms of expression in various fields of art and knowledge.
The goal of art and science in this formula is one, which is the development of human perception,
and raise the level of cultural and social, and thus change the world, in spite of the difference of
signatories, while the art of literature on the perception of emotional and imaginary, science reveals
a tangible mental awareness.
Features a Baroque style voluminous and filled with interesting details. In the eighteenth century,
baroque art developed into a smoother and more private style called Rococo. Three elements have
helped to shape the Baroque style in the cultural life of Western Europe. First: the revolution of
artists in the late sixteenth century against the art of the

The Baroque Period
Artists and Artworks from the Baroque Period
Nathan Hale
American Intercontinental University
Abstract
The author of this paper examines three works of art from three different artists from the Baroque
Period. He compares the different works of art and discusses similarities, differences, and the
techniques that were used.
The Baroque period ran from 1600 to 1770, Artist of that time used different techniques that were
used during the renaissance period to bring drama to art. An immense amount of art in that period
shows fantastic energy and emotion. These pieces of art that were designed and created during the
Baroque period brought out emotion in the onlookers of the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The color of the sculpture is of skin tone, but the way Bernini sculpted the lines created shadowing
in his skin. You can tell the strength of David by all the carved out muscles that are all over his body.
Peter Paul Rubens a renowned humanist and diplomat in his time. Was the most influential baroque
painters in northern Europe. He studied works of Michelangelo. When he returned up north he was
very sought after and opened a large studio with much assistance. He was known for the beauty he
painted when painting nudes, but there was a propensity for everything in his painting to have a
sense of sensuality, his freedom with the brush influenced many painters. The rising of the cross
1610 to 1611 which was painted oil on panel. He painted this piece of art for an important Roman
Catholic cathedral in his homeland. He paints the elevation of the cross after returning to Flanders
from Italy. The main panel illustrates muscle men attempting to lift the cross, and the unbearable
weight of Christ of the cross. This piece of art is jumping out on the onlooker it simply is amazing
leading to the picture of Christ . The visual vitality makes this piece a baroque piece of art. The
center of this beautiful painting is filled with drama and power. The strong figures lug the rope to
raise up the cross. While the other muscly men carry and raise a pale looking Jesus. You

Daniel In The Lions Den Essay
Sir Peter Paul Rubens is the artist who created, "Daniel in the Lions' Den. This oil painting was
create on canvas it is said to be created from 1614 through 1616. This painting illustrates the story in
the bible called "Daniel in the Lions' Den". After spending night in a lion's den, he became a biblical
hero. The royal ministers did not approve of Daniel praying to god. So they threatened him and told
him that he must only pray to King Darius. Daniel disobeyed their orders and continued to pray to
god. The royal ministers persuaded King Darius to condemn Daniel and throw him in a den of lions.
The next morning king Darius went to the den and found Daniel still alive and praying to god. From
the history of this painting we learn why and what ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They did this too excite anyone who was faithful to their religion. They felt as they could only truly
appreciate the suffering of Christ by going through similar scenarios. Rubens painted this piece to
draw emotional reaction from viewers. Daniel provided the perfect example of someone who was
sentenced to death for praying to god. He showed that through personal faith, endurance, strength,
and consistency; one could survive any condition. Rubens intentionally faced the lions towards the
viewers, he made them look life size and like they are actually moving around. He did this so that
we may feel as if we were in the same situation as

Descent From The Cross Analysis
Group 1, Question A
Catalina's masculine behaviors in her autobiography demonstrates how gender was socially
constructed in both Europe and America during the colonial era. One scene in particular is,
"Meanwhile, some boys noticed me and surrounded me until, annoyed, I picked up some rocks and
injured one of them (I don't know where because I didn't see) They arrested me and kept me in jail
for one long month until he healed and they released me, with a little money remaining after my
expenses" (2). In this scene she stands her own ground against a group of men with violence rather
than submitting to them or running away. Women during this era were not expected to defend
themselves or fight back. That is more acceptable action for men to perform. Her violent behavior
put her in jail not because she is unjust for defending herself, but because she struck a man and it
was not socially acceptable for a woman to do so. During this era women were not scene to act
violently or hit men because it was not a norm or an action women for women to do.
Group 2, Question A I think Michel de ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this portrait there are about seven people helping Jesus from the cross after his death. This
painting seems to be have been painted in a Baroque style because it reflects emphasizes on emotion
and demonstrates a historical event in the Holy Bible. This painting also uses the intense devastated
emotions of Jesus' followers having to take down a man they believe is all powerful down from the
cross. This makes me think of The Autobiography of Doña Catalina de Erauso because of Jesus
dying on the cross to forgive the sins of the people is the most unselfish act one man to do,
therefore, they still worship, thank, and morn for what he did for the people. Thus giving the church
hierarchies like priest and bishops power because they are supposed to know what is right for the

Leonardo Da Vinci And The Last Renaissance

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