The LED cube project uses an Arduino Nano controller to automatically light up 64 blue LEDs arranged in a 4x4x4 cube formation. The project aims to learn about the Arduino Nano and create an interactive LED cube like those seen online. Key components include the Arduino Nano, blue LEDs, resistors, transistors, a PCB board and headers. The Arduino controls the LEDs by addressing their positives on 4 layers and negatives on 16 columns. Advantages of LEDs are their speed, color options, lack of toxins, brightness control and longevity. Disadvantages include lower efficiency and need for more power than normal diodes. Coding is needed for automatic control of lighting patterns.

1. LED CUBE PROJECT
SUBMIT TO: SIR SALAM MUNIR
PRESENTED BY: ROMA IRSHAD
ROLL NUMBER: 2213003
SECTION: M3

2. CONTENT OF LED CUBE
1. Introduction
2. Main Objective
3. Components of LED CUBE
4. Applications Of LED CUBE
5. Disadvantages of LED Cube
6. Circuit Diagram
7. Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
This project is based on Arduino Nano controller for the lightning
scheme of led cube. Through this it will be totally automatic.

4. MAIN OBJECTIVE OF LED CUBE
--To know Arduino Nano Controller and it’s application.
--Create a similar led cube to the one from intractable.
--Make it look as nice as possible.

5. COMPONENTS OF LED CUBE
• Arduino Nano Controller
• Blue LED
• 220R Resistor
• 10K Resistor
• 2N2222 NPN Transistor
• PCB Board
• Female Header

6. ARDUINO NANO CONTROLLER
The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly
board based on the ATmega328 (Arduino Nano 3. x). It has more or
less the same functionality of the Arduino Duemilanove, but in a
different package. It lacks only a DC power jack, and works with a Mini-
B USB cable instead of a standard one.

7. BLUE LED
• A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light
when an electric current flows through it. When current passes
through an LED, the electrons recombine with holes emitting light in
the process. LEDs allow the current to flow in the forward direction
and blocks the current in the reverse direction.

8. RESISTORS
• A device having resistance to the passage of an electric current.
• In this project we use two types of resistors 220R and
10000R(10K)

9. 2N2222 NPN TRANSISTOR
• The 2N2222 is a common NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT)
used for general purpose low-power amplifying or switching
applications. It is designed for low to medium current, low power,
medium voltage, and can operate at moderately high speeds.

10. PCB BOARD
• A printed circuit board, or PCB, is used to mechanically support and
electrically connect electronic components using conductive
pathways, tracks or signal traces etched from copper sheets
laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.

11. FEMALE HEADER
• A female connector is a connector attached to a wire, cable, or piece
of hardware, having one or more recessed holes with electrical
terminals inside, and constructed in such a way that a plug with
exposed conductors ( male connector ) can be inserted snugly into it
to ensure a reliable physical and electrical

12. WORKING OF LED CUBE
• The cube has 64 blue LEDs which make up it's 4 layers(positives)
and 16 columns(negatives). These are all wired to a Arduino nano.
An Arduino is a single-board microcontroller, intended to make the
application of interactive objects or environments more accessible.

13. ADVANTAGES OF LED
1. LEDs operate very fast.
2. These can emit different colors of light.
3. LEDs do not contain toxic material like mercury which is used
in fluorescent lamps.
4. Brightness of LED can be easily controlled by varying the
current.
5. These are smaller in size, light in weight and have longer in
lifetime.
6. These are very cheap, readily available and consume low
energy.

14. DISADVANTAGES OF LED
1. LEDs are efficiency is low and need more power to operate
than normal p-n junction diodes.

15. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

16. CONCLUSION:
At the end if we do some coding for automatic control we will get
this type of result which is shown in the video.