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Lecture10 ie321 dr_atifshahzad
- 1. DR ATIF SHAHZAD Fundamentals of Computer Systems IE-321 LECTURE #10
- 2. 9/27/2018 2 Dr.AtifShahzad WhatW have seen Logic Logical variables Conditional, Negation, Contrapositive,Biconditional AND, OR,NOT,XOR Logic gates TruthTables BooleanAlgebra Examples Q&A MicrosoftVisio Microsoft Project Spreadsheet Concepts: Using Microsoft Excel Creating Charts in Microsoft Excel Debugging Concepts Using Microsoft Excel Presentation Concepts Using Microsoft PowerPoint Image Concepts Memory Memory Cell CPU Register Program Counter Fetch-Execute Cycle Q&A File Management Word Processing Basics Using MicrosoftWord MicrosoftWord Layout and Graphics Features Making and using compressed Files WinZip, 7Zip Notepad++ Wordpad Adobe acrobat Sumatra PDF MathType
- 3. 9/27/2018 3 Dr.AtifShahzad TODAY Database Flat & Relational Database DBMS Tables & Fields CreatingTablesinAccess Design view and Data Sheet View Primary Key & Foreign key Relationships & ER Diagram Queries &Simple SQL
- 6. Database comprehensive collection of related data organized for convenient access, generally in a computer 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 6
- 7. Database systems 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 7 Oracle Microsoft SQL Server IBM DB2 FileMaker Ingres MySQL Corel Paradox Dbase III R:Base
- 8. Database Management System (DBMS) 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 8 collection of software facilitating the definition, construction and manipulation of databases Definition •record structure •data elements •names •data types •constraints etc Construction •create database files •populate the database with records Manipulation •querying •updating
- 9. Database Management System (DBMS) 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 9 collection of software facilitating the definition, construction and manipulation of databases Users/actors Request manager Storage manager Meta data Stored database DBMS
- 10. Sample 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 10 Sample database Student Name StNo Class Major Smith 17 1 CS Brown 8 2 CS Course CName Cno CrHrs Dept Database 8803 3 CS C 2606 3 CS Section SId CNo Semester Yr Instructor 32 8803 Spring 2000 Smith 25 8803 Winter 2000 Smith 43 2606 Spring 2000 Jones Grades StNo Sid Grade 17 25 A 17 43 B file1file2 file3 file4
- 12. MSAccess 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 12 a relational database, meaning that data is stored in multiple tables that are related to each other.
- 17. Fields Hold an individual piece of data Are named descriptively Often called a column Phone book examples Name, address, e-mail, phone number Fields may contain no data 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 17
- 18. Data types inTable Fields 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 18 • Use for text or combinations of text and numbers, such as addresses, or for numbers that do not require calculations, such as phone numbers or postal codes (255 characters)Text • Use for lengthy text and numbers, such as notes. Stores up to 63,999 characters Memo • Use for data to be included in mathematical calculations, except money Number • Use for dates and times Date/Time • Use for currency values and to prevent rounding off during calculations. Currency • Use for unique sequential that are automatically inserted with a new record AutoNumber • Use for data that can be only one of two possible values, such as Yes/No, True/False, On/Off. Yes/No • Use for OLE objects (such as Microsoft Word documents, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, pictures, sounds, OLE Object • Use for hyperlinks (hyperlink: Colored and underlined text or a graphic that you click to go to a file, a location in a file, a Web page on the World Wide Web, or a Web page on an intranet. Stores up to 2048 characters.Hyperlink • Use to create a field that allows you to choose a value from another table or from a list of values using a combo box LookupWizard
- 19. Records One full set of fields Often called a row Phone book example Smith, Joe, 123 Some Street, 412-555- 7777 Databases may have unlimited rows 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 19
- 20. Flat-file database Typically has only one table If multiple, each has a separate file Useful for simple data storage needs Hard to manage large data needs Can waste disk space 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 20
- 21. Relational database Made of two or more tables Tables are related by a common field Called a relationship or join Can help organize data Most common form of database Maintaining data is easier than flat-file No wasted disk space 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 21
- 23. Working with a Database Creating tables List the necessary fields Steps to define a field Descriptively name the field Specify the field type Determine the field size
- 24. 11A-24 Working with a Database Field types Describes the type of data stored Most DBMS use the same types Text fields store letters and numbers Numeric field store numbers Date and time field Logical field stores yes or no Binary field stores images or sounds Counter field generates sequential numbers Memo fields store large amounts of data
- 25. 11A-25 Working with a Database Entering data into a table Users type data into a field Data must be entered accurately Constraints help to verify data Forms are typically used for data entry
- 26. 11A-26 Working with a Database Viewing records Datasheet view shows all records Filters can limit the records shown Display only records matching a criteria Forms allow viewing one record
- 27. 11A-27 Working with a Database Sorting records Order records based on a field Multiple sub sorts resolve‘ties’ Several types of sorts Alphabetic Numeric Chronological Ascending Descending
- 28. 11A-28 Working with a Database Querying a database Statement that describes desired data List of fields can be modified Uses of querying Find data Calculate values per record Delete records Most important DBMS skill
- 29. 11A-29 Working with a Database Query languages All DBMS use a query language Most DBMS modify the language Structured Query Language (SQL) Most common query language xBase Query language for dBase systems Query by example (QBE) Interface to SQL or xBase Interactive query design
- 30. 11A-30 Query Examples SQL Select FirstName, LastName, Phone From tblPhoneNumbers Where LastName=“Norton”; xBase Use tblPhoneNumbers List FirstName, LastName, Phone For LastName=“Norton”
- 31. 11A-31 Working with a Database Generating reports Printed information extracted from a database Can calculate data Calculate data per row Calculate for entire table Pictures and formatting can be included
- 32. MS Access Hand on Practice 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 32
- 34. 9/27/2018 Dr.AtifShahzad 34 NEVER hesitate to contact should you have any question Dr.Atif Shahzad