The document discusses the electoral system of India, including how constituencies are defined, the nomination and campaign process, the model code of conduct, use of electronic voting machines with voter verifiable paper audit trails, and security measures like observers. It also mentions reservation of seats and the "None of the Above" option on voting machines. The Election Commission of India oversees the administration of elections in India according to the constitution.

2. ADMINISTRATIVE
ORGANIZATION
AND
CONSTITUTION

3. A DAUGHTER'S WISH
Father inherited our house from his
father
And everyone says he’ll leave it to
brother
But what about me and my mother?
To expect a share in my father's
home,
Is not very womanly, I am told.
But I really want a place of my own,
Not dowry of silk and gold.

4. ACTIVITY SESSION
ACTIVITY: Question
Answering session
(WHEEL DECIDE)
ACTIVITY TIME: 02 MIN
(WHEEL DECIDE)
Question : What issue is the poem trying to raise? Do you think this
is an important issue? Why

5. ELECTION COMMISSION
OF INDIA

6.  ECI Established on January 25, 1950.
 ECI is a constitutional body responsible for administering elections in India
 Major aim of election commission of India is to define and control the process for elections
 conducted at various levels, Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices of the President
and Vice President of India. (Article 324)
 ECI ensures smooth and successful operation of the democracy.
 Initially, the commission had only a Chief Election Commissioner. Presently, it consists of a Chief
Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. (Ammendment 61) (16th October 1989) up to
(1st January 1990), then again one EC appointed up to (1st October 1993) then after again two appointed till now.
ECI

7. COMMISSIONER
APPOINTMENT & TENURE
 The President has the power to select Chief Election Commissioner and Election
Commissioners.
 They have tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
 They have the same status and receive pay and perks as available to Judges of the Supreme
Court of India.
 The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office only through accusation by
Parliament.
 Election commissioner or a regional commissioner shall not be removed from office except on the
recommendation of the Chief Election Commissioner.

8. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS
 To decide the territorial areas of the electoral constituencies throughout the country on the basis of the
Delimitation Commission Act of Parliament.
 To organize and periodically amend electoral rolls and to register all qualified voters.
 To inform the dates & schedules of election and to scrutinize the nomination papers.
 To grant recognition to political parties & allot election symbols to them.
 To provides the status of national or state parties to the political parties on the basis of their performance
in the elections.
 To act as a court for settling disputes related to granting of recognition to political parties and allotment
of election symbol to them.

9. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS
ECI appoints the following-
Chief Electoral Officer– ECI in consultation with State Government/Union Territory Administration nominates or designates an
Officer of the said State/UT as the Chief Electoral Officer to supervise the election work in the State/UT
District Election Officer– ECI in consultation with the State Government/ Union Territory Administration designates an officer of the
said State/UT as the District Election Officer to supervise the election work of a district
Returning Officer– ECI in consultation with State Government/Union Territory Administration nominates or designates an officer of the
Government or a local authority as the Returning Officer for each assembly and parliamentary constituency.
(Returning Officer is responsible for the conduct of elections in the parliamentary or assembly constituency and may be assisted by
one or more Assistant Returning Officers {again appointed by ECI} in the performance of his functions)
Electoral Registration Officer– ECI appoints the officer of State or local government as Electoral Registration Officer for the
preparation of Electoral rolls for a parliamentary/ assembly constituency

10. FUNCTIONS
 The Election Commission of India is considered the guardian of free and reasonable elections.
 issues the Model Code of Conduct in every election for political parties and candidates so that the decorum
of democracy is maintained.
 regulates political parties and registers them for being eligible to contest elections.
 publishes the allowed limits of campaign expenditure per candidate to all the political parties, and also
monitors the same.
 The political parties must submit their annual reports to the ECI for getting tax benefit on contributions.
 guarantees that all the political parties regularly submit their audited financial reports.
 receives and scrutinizes the nomination papers from all the candidates in the elections.
 appoints officers to enquire into disputes relating to electoral arrangements.

11. FUNCTIONS
 prepares the time table for the publicity of the policies and programmes of political parties through TV
and radio.
 ensures that the model code of conduct is followed by all the political parties and all the candidates.
 advises the president on matters relating to the disqualification of the members of the parliament.
 advises the governor of the state on matters relating to the disqualification of the members of the state
legislature.
 requests the president or the governor for the necessary staff required for conducting elections.
 supervises election machinery and the conduct of elections to ensure free and fair elections.
 cancels polls in the event of irregularities and wrongdoings during an election.
 advises the president whether the elections can be held in a state under president’s rule.

12. POWERS
 The Commission can repress the results of opinion polls if it deems such an action fit for the cause of
democracy.
 The Commission can recommend for disqualification of members after the elections if it thinks they have
violated certain guidelines.
 In case, a candidate is found guilty of dishonest practices during the elections, the Supreme Court and High
Courts consult the Commission.
 The Commission can postpone candidates who fail to submit their election expense accounts timely.

13. DUTIES
 To supervise, direct, control and conduct all elections to Parliament and State Legislatures as also to the
office of the President and Vice- President of India.
 To set down general rules for election.
 To determine constituencies and to prepare electoral rolls.
 To give credit to political parties.
 To allot election symbols to different political parties and individual contestants.
 To appoint tribunals for the decision of doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with
election to parliament and State Legislatures.

14. Constitutional Provisions
 Art. 324: Functions of EC and its composition, Constitution grant power of superintendence, direction and control of
elections.
 Art. 325: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either Houses of
Parliament and State legislature. It establishes equality among citizens by affirming that no person shall be ineligible for
inclusion in the electoral roll on the grounds of religion, race, caste or sex.
 Art. 326: Lays down adult suffrage as the basis of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States.
 Art. 327: Confers on Parliament the power to make provisions with respect to elections to federal and State Legislatures
 Art. 328: Confers on State Legislature the power to make laws with respect to elections to such legislature
 Art. 329: Bars interference by courts in electoral matters. Notwithstanding anything said in the constitution i.e. validity of
any law relating to the delimitation of constituencies or the allotment of seats to such constituencies shall not be called in
question in any court

15. ACTIVITY SESSION
ACTIVITY: Question
Answering session
(WHEEL DECIDE)
ACTIVITY TIME: 05 MIN
(WHEEL DECIDE)
Question : Is code of conduct useful in elections in India?
How is it beneficial for smooth operation of election?

16. ACTIVITY SESSION
ACTIVITY: Question
Answering session
(WHEEL DECIDE)
ACTIVITY TIME: 05 MIN
(WHEEL DECIDE)
Question : What are the Model code of conduct
during elections? Do’s and Dont’s.

17. ACTIVITY SESSION
ACTIVITY: QUIZ
(MICROSOFT FORMS)
ACTIVITY TIME: 20 MIN
(MICROSOFT FORMS)

18. ELECTORAL SYSTEM OF
INDIA

19.  CONSTITUENCIES & RESERVATION OF SEATS.
 HOW THE CONSTITUENCY BOUNDARIES ARE DRAWN UP
 SYSTEM OF ELECTION
 NOMINATION & CAMPAIGN
 MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT
 ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE
 VVPAT – VOTER VERIFIABLE PAPER AUDIT TRAIL
 NONE OF THE ABOVE (NOTA) OPTION IN EVMs
 SECURITY CONCERNS
 GENERAL OBSERVERS
 POLICE OBSERVERS
 MICRO OBSERVERS