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Lecture 1
Economics 2B
Optimisation (1)
(layout of lecture & figures)
References in textbook
Micro Management Economics
Section A Pages 2-13
Workbook section
Concepts to be covered in
lecture
 1) Unconstrained optimisation.
 2) Constrained optimisation.
 3) Linear programming.
 Primal problem.
 Shadow prices.
 Profit maximisation.
 Cost minimisation.
Corner Point Combination Cost
a 2.5A +0B £ 1250
b 5/3A + 2/3B £ 1233
c 0A + 4B £ 2400
The lowest cost is £ 1233 and it requires 5/3 cases of
type A and 2/3 cases of type B per production run to be
produced.
Contribution per one unit of constraint (shadow prices)
10 VHR + 20 VM + 10VC (HR = labour component, M =
material, C = production capital
and V = shadow price)
and 4VHR + 10VM + 5VC = 500
5VHR + 5VM + 4VC = 600
The slack variable is production capital
4 VHR + 10VM = 500
and 5 VHR + 5VM = 600
Simultaneous solving for two unknowns result in:
VHR = 116 2/3
& VM = 3 1/3
Every one additional HR – input will add £ 116.66 to
total cost and one additional unit of material will add
£ 3.33 to total cost.

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Lecture 1 optimisation & minimisation

  • 1. Lecture 1 Economics 2B Optimisation (1) (layout of lecture & figures)
  • 2. References in textbook Micro Management Economics Section A Pages 2-13 Workbook section
  • 3. Concepts to be covered in lecture  1) Unconstrained optimisation.  2) Constrained optimisation.  3) Linear programming.  Primal problem.  Shadow prices.  Profit maximisation.  Cost minimisation.
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  • 10. Corner Point Combination Cost a 2.5A +0B £ 1250 b 5/3A + 2/3B £ 1233 c 0A + 4B £ 2400 The lowest cost is £ 1233 and it requires 5/3 cases of type A and 2/3 cases of type B per production run to be produced. Contribution per one unit of constraint (shadow prices) 10 VHR + 20 VM + 10VC (HR = labour component, M = material, C = production capital and V = shadow price) and 4VHR + 10VM + 5VC = 500 5VHR + 5VM + 4VC = 600 The slack variable is production capital 4 VHR + 10VM = 500 and 5 VHR + 5VM = 600 Simultaneous solving for two unknowns result in: VHR = 116 2/3 & VM = 3 1/3 Every one additional HR – input will add £ 116.66 to total cost and one additional unit of material will add £ 3.33 to total cost.