More Related Content
Similar to Lec 7 acute appendicitis and cholescystitis
Similar to Lec 7 acute appendicitis and cholescystitis (14)
More from abed89
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Lec 7 acute appendicitis and cholescystitis
- 1. Acute Appendicitis MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Institute of Medical Technology Official Email:abedm@imt.edu.iq College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 2. Acute Appendicitis Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. It may be acute or chronic. Appendicitis occurs most often between the ages of 10 and 30. It is more common in men than in women. Untreated appendicitis can be fatal. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 3. Causes Obstruction is often caused by an accumulation of fecal matter. It can also be caused by: • enlarged lymphoid follicles • worms • trauma • tumors College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 4. When the appendix is obstructed, bacteria can multiply inside the organ. This leads to the formation of pus. The increased pressure can be painful. It can also compress local blood vessels. A lack of blood flow to the appendix may cause gangrene. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 5. If the appendix ruptures, fecal matter can fill the abdomen. This is a medical emergency. If the infected appendix leaks instead of ruptures, it can form an abscess. This confines the infection to a small area. However, an abscess can still be dangerous. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 6. Symptoms 1. lower right side abdominal pain 2. loss of appetite 3. nausea 4. vomiting 5. diarrhea 6. constipation 7. inability to pass gas 8. abdominal swelling 9. low grade fever 10. a sense you might feel better after passing stool College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 7. Diagnosis A physical exam for appendicitis looks for tenderness in the lower right quadrant of your abdomen. In rare cases, appendicitis may get better without surgery. Treatment might involve only antibiotics and a liquid diet. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 8. In most cases, however, surgery will be necessary If you have an abscess that has not ruptured, you will first be treated with antibiotics. Your abscess will then be drained with a tube placed through your skin. Surgery will remove your appendix after your infection has been treated. If you have a ruptured abscess or appendix, surgery may be needed right away. Surgery to remove the appendix is called an appendectomy. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 9. Acute cholecystitis Acute cholecystitis is sudden swelling and irritation of the gallbladder. College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 10. Causes • Gallstone blocks the cystic duct, the tube through which bile travels into and out of the gallbladder. When a stone blocks this duct, bile causing irritation and pressure in the gallbladder. This can lead to swelling and infection. • Serious illnesses, such as HIV or diabetes • Tumors of the gallbladder (rare) • Some people are more at risk for gallstones. Risk factors include: • 5 Fs ; female, fatty, fertile, forty-fifty & fair College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 11. Symptoms 1. upper right abdomen : 2. Nausea or vomiting. 3. Tenderness in the right abdomen. 4. Fever. 5. Pain that gets worse during a deep breath. 6. Pain for more than 6 hours, particularly after meals. 7. Yellowing of skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) 8. Clay-colored stools College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 12. Diagnosis • Bilirubin level • Complete blood count (CBC) • Liver function tests • Imaging tests can show gallstones or inflammation. as may have one of these tests: • Abdominal ultrasound • Abdominal CT scan • Abdominal x-ray • Oral cholecystogram • Gallbladder scan College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 13. Treatment If have severe pain,to seek medical attention right away. In the emergency room, to give fluids through a vein. also may be given antibiotics to fight infection. Cholecystitis may clear up on its own. However, if have gallstones, will probably need surgery to remove gallbladder. Nonsurgical treatment includes: • Antibiotics to fight infection • Low-fat diet • Pain medicines College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق
- 14. Complications Untreated, cholecystitis may lead to any of the following health problems: • Empyema (pus in the gallbladder) • Gangrene • Injury to the bile ducts draining the liver (may occur after gallbladder surgery) • Pancreatitis • Perforation • Peritonitis (inflammation of the lining of the abdomen) College/ Institute Logo MBChB: Mohammed N Abed Official Email: abedm@imt.edu.iq Middle Technical University - Iraq الوسـطى التقنية الجامعة-العراق