The document discusses leadership, teamwork, motivation and management. It provides techniques for motivating teams, including showing trust in junior members, maintaining discipline, and focusing on safety and crew welfare. It outlines different leadership styles like "Tiger" and "Penguin" and their advantages/disadvantages. The ideal style is "Dolphin", which balances assertiveness with good communication and delegation. Qualities of good leaders include integrity, dedication, humility and creativity. The optimal state for a team is motivated and efficient, while demotivation can lead to errors.

1. Ascent Marine Institute
Leadership and Personality
Development
Capt Ashok Menon

2. MAN MANAGEMENT& TEAMWORK
Man management is the art of
managing people
A manager is a man who gets things
done with people and other resources
in order to reach an objective.
He coordinates the activities of others
and thus it is important for him to learn
the art of managing people.

3. Motivation can be done round the
clock.
 It can take the form of official
meetings, get togethers, one to one
talk sessions, during emergency drills
and so on.
Juniors must be given due respect and
genuine mistakes must be pardoned
and turned into an opportunity for
training so that it does not re-occur.

4. Motivational Techniques
People can be disciplined only be a
man who is disciplined himself.
Boost the self confidence of juniors by
showing trust in them. Their sense of
responsibility will be fired by this.
Never raise your voice or lose your
temper for irrelevant matters.
A firing is more effective if done in a
calm composed voice

5. Earn the respect of juniors by your own
actions and behaviour and not by
pulling rank on them.
Raise your voice on important
occasions to show that you are angry
and will not tolerate such shortcomings
in future
Do not be sarcastic, point out
shortcomings in a straightforward
manner

6. Always be just, but never too kind, for
kindness on board is mistaken for
weakness
Prepare a training programme for
juniors. Senior Officers must take
special interest in training and
educating the juniors
All meetings, drills, brainstorming
sessions etc., are to be taken very
seriously and no laxity is to be tolerated
in this respect

7. All company procedures are to be
strictly followed and senior officers
should never tolerate any criticism of
the company
Safety should be given paramount
importance and a safety culture must
be encouraged on board
Welfare of the crew should be taken
seriously. Motivation can only come
from a crew who believe that their
interests are taken care of.

8. Demotivation
Demotivation is one of the major
causes of human error
Leads the mind to waver and
concentration levels to drop
Can lead to wrong judgment on the
bridge, in engine room etc
Demotivation and lack of concentration
may be caused due to fatigue, lack of
motivation or mental stress.

9. affect the performance of the team as
a whole
team leaders to remain motivated at all
times and keep all their members
motivated at all times
Can be caused due to lack of job
satisfaction
 May be also due to personal problems
on board or at home
Team leaders must try to find out the

10. State of a Team
Optimum State (+1)
- Workload and stress are optimum
- Always awake and alert
- Motivated and efficient
Concerned State (+2)
- Workload and stress increasing
- Time load
- Worries start affecting productivity

11. Inattentive State (-2)
- Boredom and carelessness together
- Tendency to make critical mistakes.
- Critical situation may arise unaware.
Critical Phase (-3)
- Crisis has set in unaware
- Time not enough to correct unless urgent
actions taken
- Confusion and lack of understanding
- Once situationally aware, go directly to
+3 phase.

12. Alarmed State (-3)
- Overloaded and Unable to keep time
schedule
- Cannot think clearly
- Stress level nearing panic state
Bored State (-1)
- Low workload
- Feeling of boredom and attention level
going down
- Motivation decreases and Fatigue sets.

13. Leadership Styles
 Tiger : Tiger style of leaders mix high
authority with high assertiveness. They
are good performers but bad man
managers
- Quite defensive team members
- Poor communication within the team
- Low assertiveness of team members
- Team morale and confidence level low
- Team members do not take any
initiative on their own

14. Disadvantages
- Authoritarian Style
- May have a tendency to do or to
control everything
- Does not believe in teamwork
- One-way communication
- Does not like challenges to
leadership
- Does not delegate

15. Advantages :
- Believes in performance
- Takes full responsibility for his or
her decisions
- Is loyal to the team

16. Penguin : Low assertiveness. They
are unable to exert the assertiveness
that their position demands.
Week leaders with no authority and
thus not taken seriously enough.
Everyone in the team starts to work
independently and soon the team falls
apart.
Believes that people are more
important that performance and that if
people are well treated, they will

17. Advantages :
- Good man manager
- Good Listener
- Forgives easily and avoids conflicts
- Positive thinking
- Good working atmosphere

18. Disadvantages :
- Low assertiveness and does not
challenge others assertiveness
- Too supportive of team members
- Too much unimportant
communication
- Tolerates lower standards on board
- Little ‘on job’ training

19. Effect on team members :
- Low respect for leadership
- Morale down due to perception of
weak leadership
- Lowering of professional standards
and efficiency declines

20.  Sheep : These leaders are assertive to
a degree but gets diverted by public
opinion even if it goes against their own
ideas and logic.
 Does not like to stand up and convince
others to do what they feel is right.
 Too much flexibility makes the team
members voice their opinion too freely
and thus no consensus on important
issues.
 This management style is average and
so is the performance of the team.

21. Advantages :
Promising management style
Adjusts well to surroundings
Accepts challenges
 Disadvantages :
 Compromises performance or team
spirit to achieve goals
 Communication could be better
 Training standards average

22. Snail : This is the worst
management style.
- The performance level of the team is
low and so is the morale of the team.
- There is a serious lack of motivation
and such leaders are often lacking in
any team oriented goals.
Advantages : Nil

23. Disadvantages :
- Low assertiveness and weak authority
- Not interested in job / does bare
minimum
- Inferiority complex, poor communicator
and avoids conflicts
- Little training
Effect on team members :
Low team morale
Team performance very low

24. Dolphin : The Dolphin style of
management is the best one.
It combines the best of all the styles
and results in strong and effective
leadership and teamwork.
The performance level is high as
well as the man management.
Disadvantages : Nil

25.  Advantages :
- Best management style
- Good communication
- Accepts challenges and delegates
jobs
- Knows strengths and weaknesses
of team mates
- Positive and optimistic style of
management

26. Effect on team members :
- High team morale and confidence
- Good communication within the
team
- Highly motivated team
- Very good performance and high
professional standards

27.  Analysis : The best style is the dolphin, but
others also have some advantages.
 Each leader should adapt his or her style to
the situation at hand.
 A tiger may be ideal for creating order out of
chaos in emergency situations.
 In the presence of inexperienced people, it
may be good to be more of a penguin.
 In periods of low activity, a sheep may even
be adequate.
 Every leader must do his own analysis and
constantly upgrade his management style to
achieve best results.

28. Qualities of a Good Leader
Integrity : It is a measure of a persons
inner values and beliefs even when an
easier and more advantageous path is
available
Dedication : Dedication means
spending whatever time and energy on
a task required to get the job done,
rather than giving it whatever time you
have available.

29.  Magnanimity : A magnanimous leader
gives credit where it is due. No backbiting &
accepts personal responsibility for failures
 Humility : It means understanding that you
are not inherently superior to others and
consequently that they are not inferior to
you. However it does not mean debasing
oneself or having a low self-esteem. It
means behaving is a dignified manner
 Creativity : A creative person thinks
differently, out of the box, so to say and
take a new and different viewpoint on things

30. Assertiveness
PASSIVE
- Overly courteous
- "Beats around the bush"
- Avoids Conflicts
- "Along for the ride."

31. ASSERTIVE
Active Involvement
Readiness to take action
Provide useful information
Makes suggestions

32. OVER AGGRESSIVE
- Domination
- Intimidation
- Abusive / Hostile

33. Too High Authority
 Total Command expected
 No communication skills n does not delegate
 Performance oriented n needs to prove.
 Juniors silenced by such leaders
 Even if leader makes a blunder, juniors
hesitant to correct them for fear of reprisal
 Surrounded by a coterie of ‘Yes men’
 Efficiency levels drop and team commits
mistakes

34. Too Low Assertiveness
Unable to exert pressure on juniors
Cannot gain respect as a team leader
Unaware of what is expected
Lacks communication and managerial skills
Too much confusion as juniors try to assert
themselves
Personality clash and Team works in
confusion / efficiency levels drop

35. Tips for Management Level Officers
 Earn the trust of the juniors - earned by
dedication, commitment and honesty
 Building Enthusiasm - meetings and
brainstorming sessions, giving pep talks,
being positive even when the going is not
so good
 Play Games - stress busters and relaxes
both mind and body
 Get Involved in order to know the ground
realities – team is motivated

36. Some More Leadership Qualities
Partnership and voice
Vision and values
Knowledge and daring
Savvy and persistence
Personal qualities

37. Delegation
 Why people don’t delegate
- Quality : If you want a job done properly,
do it yourself
- Time : By the time I show him, I can do it
twice
- Comfort : like doing the job and I do it
well
- Risk : What if he makes a mistake ?
- Power : But I will lose control. What will
be left for me to do ?

38. Thank You for paying
attention