This chapter discusses many laws that affect international business and travel. It covers home country laws, host country laws, international laws, contracts, patents, ethics, and travel requirements. Specific regulations and considerations are provided for topics like contracts, technology, employment, and travel to different countries.
The document provides information on international business management. It discusses the evolution of international business from the first phase of globalization in 1870 to the present. It also outlines the characteristics of international business, including regional integration, declining trade barriers, and the growth of multinational corporations. Finally, it examines the stages of internationalization for businesses and the influences and approaches to international business.
The uppsala internationalization process model revisitedAfzaal Ali
This document summarizes revisions made to the Uppsala Internationalization Process Model. The original 1977 model proposed that firms gradually increase their foreign market commitments starting with occasional exporting to nearby countries and psychically close markets, then establishing sales subsidiaries and eventually production facilities. The revised model emphasizes that internationalization occurs through business networks and relationships. Firms learn from partners, build trust over time, and identify new opportunities collaboratively. The revised model better explains rapid internationalization patterns through acquisitions and born global firms. It suggests future research could study when liability of foreignness versus liability of outsidership impact market entry and integrate the network perspective with internalization theory and eclectic paradigm.
The document discusses the global business environment and how political, economic, and legal factors shape it. It covers different political systems like collectivism vs individualism and democracy vs totalitarianism. It also discusses economic systems such as market, command, mixed and state-directed economies. Finally, it examines legal systems and how laws regarding property rights, intellectual property, product safety, and liability affect businesses globally.
This document discusses various economic theories of international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). It covers theories such as mercantilism, free trade, comparative advantage, competitive advantage, Porter's Diamond model of national competitive advantage, industrial policy, and Dunning's Eclectic Paradigm of FDI. Key points covered include factors that give nations comparative advantages, Michael Porter's four determinants of national competitive advantage, examples of governments using industrial policy to support economic development, and the three conditions in Dunning's Eclectic Paradigm that determine whether a firm engages in FDI.
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) works to modernize and harmonize rules for international business. Comprised of 60 member states, UNCITRAL operates six working groups and aims to unify national trade laws through conventions and other outputs like model laws, guides, and seminars. These efforts help coordinate different legal systems, speed up international trade, increase economic growth, and improve living standards globally.
01 Globalization and International BusinessBrent Weeks
To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
To understand why companies engage in international business and why international business growth has accelerated
To discuss globalization’s future and the major criticisms of globalization
To become familiar with different ways in which a company can accomplish its global objectives
To apply social science disciplines to understanding the differences between international and domestic business
Licensing & franchising - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Licensing is another way to enter a foreign market with a limited degree of risk. Under international Licensing, a firm in one country permits a firm in another country to use its intellectual property( Patents, trade marks etc).
Modes of entry to international businessHarsh Bansal
The document discusses different modes of entry into international business, including exporting, licensing, franchising, contract manufacturing, management contracts, foreign direct investment (FDI) without alliances, and FDI with alliances. It provides details on the key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each mode. Exporting allows gradual market entry at relatively low financial risk but with logistical complexities. Licensing and franchising provide low-cost ways to assess markets but have dependence on partners. FDI through greenfield investment gives full control but requires high expenses. Strategic alliances through mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures combine strengths but also carry shared ownership risks.
The document provides information on international business management. It discusses the evolution of international business from the first phase of globalization in 1870 to the present. It also outlines the characteristics of international business, including regional integration, declining trade barriers, and the growth of multinational corporations. Finally, it examines the stages of internationalization for businesses and the influences and approaches to international business.
The uppsala internationalization process model revisitedAfzaal Ali
This document summarizes revisions made to the Uppsala Internationalization Process Model. The original 1977 model proposed that firms gradually increase their foreign market commitments starting with occasional exporting to nearby countries and psychically close markets, then establishing sales subsidiaries and eventually production facilities. The revised model emphasizes that internationalization occurs through business networks and relationships. Firms learn from partners, build trust over time, and identify new opportunities collaboratively. The revised model better explains rapid internationalization patterns through acquisitions and born global firms. It suggests future research could study when liability of foreignness versus liability of outsidership impact market entry and integrate the network perspective with internalization theory and eclectic paradigm.
The document discusses the global business environment and how political, economic, and legal factors shape it. It covers different political systems like collectivism vs individualism and democracy vs totalitarianism. It also discusses economic systems such as market, command, mixed and state-directed economies. Finally, it examines legal systems and how laws regarding property rights, intellectual property, product safety, and liability affect businesses globally.
This document discusses various economic theories of international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). It covers theories such as mercantilism, free trade, comparative advantage, competitive advantage, Porter's Diamond model of national competitive advantage, industrial policy, and Dunning's Eclectic Paradigm of FDI. Key points covered include factors that give nations comparative advantages, Michael Porter's four determinants of national competitive advantage, examples of governments using industrial policy to support economic development, and the three conditions in Dunning's Eclectic Paradigm that determine whether a firm engages in FDI.
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) works to modernize and harmonize rules for international business. Comprised of 60 member states, UNCITRAL operates six working groups and aims to unify national trade laws through conventions and other outputs like model laws, guides, and seminars. These efforts help coordinate different legal systems, speed up international trade, increase economic growth, and improve living standards globally.
01 Globalization and International BusinessBrent Weeks
To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
To understand why companies engage in international business and why international business growth has accelerated
To discuss globalization’s future and the major criticisms of globalization
To become familiar with different ways in which a company can accomplish its global objectives
To apply social science disciplines to understanding the differences between international and domestic business
Licensing & franchising - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Licensing is another way to enter a foreign market with a limited degree of risk. Under international Licensing, a firm in one country permits a firm in another country to use its intellectual property( Patents, trade marks etc).
Modes of entry to international businessHarsh Bansal
The document discusses different modes of entry into international business, including exporting, licensing, franchising, contract manufacturing, management contracts, foreign direct investment (FDI) without alliances, and FDI with alliances. It provides details on the key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each mode. Exporting allows gradual market entry at relatively low financial risk but with logistical complexities. Licensing and franchising provide low-cost ways to assess markets but have dependence on partners. FDI through greenfield investment gives full control but requires high expenses. Strategic alliances through mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures combine strengths but also carry shared ownership risks.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business including definitions of globalization and globalism, factors of the global business environment, the mechanics of international trade transactions, the role of technology, cultural considerations, trade finance, logistics, relevant policies and regulations, and how to develop an international business plan. It discusses topics such as global supply chains, trade in services, high and low context cultures, business ethics, and transportation modes. The document aims to equip readers with foundational knowledge for understanding and engaging in global commerce.
This presentation is made by Palm & Latex Technology & Value Addition degree programme students in Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as to fulfill a requirment for their course of Trade & Finance. In this presentation is generally related to Sri Lanka.
This document is the first chapter of a textbook on international business. It discusses the concepts of globalization and international business. Globalization refers to the integration of economic, financial, cultural and political systems across the world. Factors driving globalization include economic liberalization and technological advances, while factors restraining it include protectionism and cultural differences. International business involves cross-border trade, investment, and management. Companies expand internationally to access new markets or cut costs. Managing globally requires integrated strategies and adapting to different country environments.
This document provides an overview of conflict management and ethics in international business management. It discusses sources of conflict in international business, including political, economic, and cultural differences between countries. It also addresses conflict resolution strategies like negotiation and the roles of international organizations in mediating disputes. Finally, it examines key ethical issues that multinational companies may face regarding practices like employment, human rights, and corruption. Managers must consider ethics in decision-making and cultivate an ethical culture and leadership to guide responsible business conduct globally.
International trade has a long history, originating in prehistoric times with bartering between early humans. Over thousands of years, trade networks expanded, first between civilizations like Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley, then along routes like the Silk Road. Major developments included the rise of mercantilism in Europe, new theories on comparative advantage and free trade, and the growth of colonialism in the 19th century. Modern international trade is facilitated by advances in transportation, telecommunications, and organizations like the WTO that establish global trade rules.
The document outlines 5 stages of internationalization:
1. Domestic operations focus solely within the home country.
2. Export operations expand the market internationally but production remains domestic.
3. Subsidiaries or joint ventures physically move some operations abroad through cost and profit sharing partnerships.
4. Multinational operations establish assembly facilities across several world regions with some decentralized decision making.
5. Transnational operations achieve both global efficiency and local responsiveness using worldwide markets and resources.
This document provides an overview of international trade barriers and the dynamic global environment. It discusses different types of trade barriers countries employ like tariffs, quotas, embargoes and standards. While trade barriers aim to protect domestic industries and jobs, they can also decrease total world output and limit variety. The document also outlines benefits of free trade like increased specialization and access to larger markets, though free trade may negatively impact some domestic producers and jobs. Overall, it presents perspectives on both free trade and barriers to international trade.
> To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
> To understand why companies engage in international business and why international business growth has accelerated
> To discuss globalization’s future and the major criticisms of globalization
> To become familiar with different ways in which a company can accomplish its global objectives
> To apply social science disciplines to understanding the differences between international and domestic business
> To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
This document discusses theories of international trade and investment. It covers concepts like comparative advantage and competitive advantage. It then discusses classical trade theories like mercantilism and theories based on factors of production. It also covers how governments can enhance national competitive advantage through policies that stimulate innovation, target industries, and invest in infrastructure. The document discusses industrial clusters and national industrial policy. It covers theories on why firms invest overseas based on monopolistic advantages, internalization, and Dunning's eclectic paradigm. Finally, it discusses non-FDI based explanations for internationalization through collaborative ventures.
Overview of International Business Legal IssuesJim Chester
This document summarizes a presentation about practicing law in a globalized world. It discusses three main elements of private international law: international business transactions, international trade law, and international civil litigation. For each element, it provides examples of common legal issues and notes that the vast majority (95% or more) is governed by domestic rather than international law. However, it also discusses some of the special international considerations and conventions that apply to the small percentage of cross-border legal work.
1) The document discusses the key concepts of global business including the definition of international business as transactions carried out across national borders, the need and growth of international business, and modes of entering foreign markets such as licensing, franchising, and foreign direct investment.
2) It also examines the global business environment and factors such as culture, politics, economics, and how firms must consider these elements when operating internationally.
3) Modes of entering global markets like licensing and franchising allow firms to internationalize with less risk compared to foreign direct investment but also provide less control. Firms must strategically choose which entry modes fit their needs.
Presenataion on international business environmentajaykumar2049
This document discusses the international business environment and its various components. It identifies the macro environment as consisting of foreign, geographic, economic, financial, socio-cultural, political, and legal environments. Each of these environments contains factors that are outside a firm's control but influence its decisions and operations. The document provides examples to illustrate key elements of the geographic, economic, socio-cultural, political, and legal environments and how they impact international business activities.
The document discusses international trade theory and the benefits of free trade. It covers theories such as absolute advantage, comparative advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin theory, product life cycle theory, new trade theory, and Porter's diamond of competitive advantage. These theories explain patterns of trade between countries and how free trade allows specialization and gains from trade. The document also discusses concepts such as the balance of payments and whether a current account deficit is problematic.
Trade theories in International BusinessCitibank N.A.
This document summarizes several international trade theories:
1. Mercantilism held that a country's wealth came from gold holdings and maintaining a trade surplus. It advocated limiting imports and subsidizing exports.
2. Absolute advantage theory proposed that countries gain from specializing in what they produce most efficiently, even if other countries are more efficient.
3. Comparative advantage theory argued that global efficiency increases if countries specialize in what they can produce relatively more efficiently than other goods.
4. Heckscher-Ohlin theory claims that comparative advantage arises from differences in countries' endowments of factors like land, labor, and capital. It suggests countries will export goods that intensively use their abundant factors.
Governments intervene in trade for economic and noneconomic reasons. Economically, they aim to protect domestic industries and jobs through measures like tariffs and quotas. Noneconomically, reasons include national security, cultural preservation, and political influence. However, intervention can backfire and harm consumers through higher prices. It may also lead to retaliation. While companies initially seek government protection, they must also innovate and adjust to global competition over time. Measures include relocating production, focusing on market niches, and internal efficiency gains. Overall, the effects of subsidies, quotas and other policies on trade are complex, with both benefits and unintended consequences requiring consideration.
This document discusses globalization and international business. It defines globalization as the interdependence of countries through reduced trade barriers and increased flow of trade, capital, technology and people between nations. The key drivers of globalization are described as economic, technological, personal contact and political factors. International business is defined as the exchange of goods and services between individuals and businesses across multiple countries. The document outlines factors that have increased globalization and discusses how companies operate internationally through methods like exports, imports and foreign direct investments. It also examines some challenges of globalization and factors that influence international business operations.
The document summarizes several theories of international trade, including mercantilism, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. It also discusses the product life cycle theory proposed by Vernon. Mercantilism held that nations should aim for a trade surplus to accumulate gold and silver. Absolute advantage refers to a country's ability to produce a good at a lower absolute cost. Comparative advantage argues that trade benefits all parties when each country specializes in what it can produce at the lowest relative cost. Heckscher-Ohlin suggests trade patterns are determined by differences in factor endowments like capital and labor. The product life cycle theory proposes that a good will be successively produced and exported from
This document discusses international business and the key concepts, risks, and motivations involved. It defines international trade, exporting, importing, foreign direct investment, and portfolio investment. It then describes four main risks in international business: cross-cultural risk due to differences in customs and decision-making; country risk involving political instability and regulations; currency risk from exchange rate fluctuations and foreign taxes; and commercial risk of issues like weak partners or competitive intensity. Finally, it lists reasons why firms internationalize, such as seeking growth through new markets, higher profits abroad, gaining new ideas, serving relocated customers, and accessing supply sources globally.
(1) PepsiCo entered the Pakistani market in 1967 and is now the sixth largest global beverage market and leader in potato chips. (2) Macroenvironmental factors like demographics, economics, technology, and sociocultural norms influence PepsiCo's strategies and sales. (3) Key factors are Pakistan's large youth population, urbanization, hot climate suiting soft drinks, and increasing incomes boosting consumption.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business including definitions of globalization and globalism, factors of the global business environment, the mechanics of international trade transactions, the role of technology, cultural considerations, trade finance, logistics, relevant policies and regulations, and how to develop an international business plan. It discusses topics such as global supply chains, trade in services, high and low context cultures, business ethics, and transportation modes. The document aims to equip readers with foundational knowledge for understanding and engaging in global commerce.
This presentation is made by Palm & Latex Technology & Value Addition degree programme students in Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as to fulfill a requirment for their course of Trade & Finance. In this presentation is generally related to Sri Lanka.
This document is the first chapter of a textbook on international business. It discusses the concepts of globalization and international business. Globalization refers to the integration of economic, financial, cultural and political systems across the world. Factors driving globalization include economic liberalization and technological advances, while factors restraining it include protectionism and cultural differences. International business involves cross-border trade, investment, and management. Companies expand internationally to access new markets or cut costs. Managing globally requires integrated strategies and adapting to different country environments.
This document provides an overview of conflict management and ethics in international business management. It discusses sources of conflict in international business, including political, economic, and cultural differences between countries. It also addresses conflict resolution strategies like negotiation and the roles of international organizations in mediating disputes. Finally, it examines key ethical issues that multinational companies may face regarding practices like employment, human rights, and corruption. Managers must consider ethics in decision-making and cultivate an ethical culture and leadership to guide responsible business conduct globally.
International trade has a long history, originating in prehistoric times with bartering between early humans. Over thousands of years, trade networks expanded, first between civilizations like Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley, then along routes like the Silk Road. Major developments included the rise of mercantilism in Europe, new theories on comparative advantage and free trade, and the growth of colonialism in the 19th century. Modern international trade is facilitated by advances in transportation, telecommunications, and organizations like the WTO that establish global trade rules.
The document outlines 5 stages of internationalization:
1. Domestic operations focus solely within the home country.
2. Export operations expand the market internationally but production remains domestic.
3. Subsidiaries or joint ventures physically move some operations abroad through cost and profit sharing partnerships.
4. Multinational operations establish assembly facilities across several world regions with some decentralized decision making.
5. Transnational operations achieve both global efficiency and local responsiveness using worldwide markets and resources.
This document provides an overview of international trade barriers and the dynamic global environment. It discusses different types of trade barriers countries employ like tariffs, quotas, embargoes and standards. While trade barriers aim to protect domestic industries and jobs, they can also decrease total world output and limit variety. The document also outlines benefits of free trade like increased specialization and access to larger markets, though free trade may negatively impact some domestic producers and jobs. Overall, it presents perspectives on both free trade and barriers to international trade.
> To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
> To understand why companies engage in international business and why international business growth has accelerated
> To discuss globalization’s future and the major criticisms of globalization
> To become familiar with different ways in which a company can accomplish its global objectives
> To apply social science disciplines to understanding the differences between international and domestic business
> To define globalization and international business and show how they affect each other
This document discusses theories of international trade and investment. It covers concepts like comparative advantage and competitive advantage. It then discusses classical trade theories like mercantilism and theories based on factors of production. It also covers how governments can enhance national competitive advantage through policies that stimulate innovation, target industries, and invest in infrastructure. The document discusses industrial clusters and national industrial policy. It covers theories on why firms invest overseas based on monopolistic advantages, internalization, and Dunning's eclectic paradigm. Finally, it discusses non-FDI based explanations for internationalization through collaborative ventures.
Overview of International Business Legal IssuesJim Chester
This document summarizes a presentation about practicing law in a globalized world. It discusses three main elements of private international law: international business transactions, international trade law, and international civil litigation. For each element, it provides examples of common legal issues and notes that the vast majority (95% or more) is governed by domestic rather than international law. However, it also discusses some of the special international considerations and conventions that apply to the small percentage of cross-border legal work.
1) The document discusses the key concepts of global business including the definition of international business as transactions carried out across national borders, the need and growth of international business, and modes of entering foreign markets such as licensing, franchising, and foreign direct investment.
2) It also examines the global business environment and factors such as culture, politics, economics, and how firms must consider these elements when operating internationally.
3) Modes of entering global markets like licensing and franchising allow firms to internationalize with less risk compared to foreign direct investment but also provide less control. Firms must strategically choose which entry modes fit their needs.
Presenataion on international business environmentajaykumar2049
This document discusses the international business environment and its various components. It identifies the macro environment as consisting of foreign, geographic, economic, financial, socio-cultural, political, and legal environments. Each of these environments contains factors that are outside a firm's control but influence its decisions and operations. The document provides examples to illustrate key elements of the geographic, economic, socio-cultural, political, and legal environments and how they impact international business activities.
The document discusses international trade theory and the benefits of free trade. It covers theories such as absolute advantage, comparative advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin theory, product life cycle theory, new trade theory, and Porter's diamond of competitive advantage. These theories explain patterns of trade between countries and how free trade allows specialization and gains from trade. The document also discusses concepts such as the balance of payments and whether a current account deficit is problematic.
Trade theories in International BusinessCitibank N.A.
This document summarizes several international trade theories:
1. Mercantilism held that a country's wealth came from gold holdings and maintaining a trade surplus. It advocated limiting imports and subsidizing exports.
2. Absolute advantage theory proposed that countries gain from specializing in what they produce most efficiently, even if other countries are more efficient.
3. Comparative advantage theory argued that global efficiency increases if countries specialize in what they can produce relatively more efficiently than other goods.
4. Heckscher-Ohlin theory claims that comparative advantage arises from differences in countries' endowments of factors like land, labor, and capital. It suggests countries will export goods that intensively use their abundant factors.
Governments intervene in trade for economic and noneconomic reasons. Economically, they aim to protect domestic industries and jobs through measures like tariffs and quotas. Noneconomically, reasons include national security, cultural preservation, and political influence. However, intervention can backfire and harm consumers through higher prices. It may also lead to retaliation. While companies initially seek government protection, they must also innovate and adjust to global competition over time. Measures include relocating production, focusing on market niches, and internal efficiency gains. Overall, the effects of subsidies, quotas and other policies on trade are complex, with both benefits and unintended consequences requiring consideration.
This document discusses globalization and international business. It defines globalization as the interdependence of countries through reduced trade barriers and increased flow of trade, capital, technology and people between nations. The key drivers of globalization are described as economic, technological, personal contact and political factors. International business is defined as the exchange of goods and services between individuals and businesses across multiple countries. The document outlines factors that have increased globalization and discusses how companies operate internationally through methods like exports, imports and foreign direct investments. It also examines some challenges of globalization and factors that influence international business operations.
The document summarizes several theories of international trade, including mercantilism, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. It also discusses the product life cycle theory proposed by Vernon. Mercantilism held that nations should aim for a trade surplus to accumulate gold and silver. Absolute advantage refers to a country's ability to produce a good at a lower absolute cost. Comparative advantage argues that trade benefits all parties when each country specializes in what it can produce at the lowest relative cost. Heckscher-Ohlin suggests trade patterns are determined by differences in factor endowments like capital and labor. The product life cycle theory proposes that a good will be successively produced and exported from
This document discusses international business and the key concepts, risks, and motivations involved. It defines international trade, exporting, importing, foreign direct investment, and portfolio investment. It then describes four main risks in international business: cross-cultural risk due to differences in customs and decision-making; country risk involving political instability and regulations; currency risk from exchange rate fluctuations and foreign taxes; and commercial risk of issues like weak partners or competitive intensity. Finally, it lists reasons why firms internationalize, such as seeking growth through new markets, higher profits abroad, gaining new ideas, serving relocated customers, and accessing supply sources globally.
(1) PepsiCo entered the Pakistani market in 1967 and is now the sixth largest global beverage market and leader in potato chips. (2) Macroenvironmental factors like demographics, economics, technology, and sociocultural norms influence PepsiCo's strategies and sales. (3) Key factors are Pakistan's large youth population, urbanization, hot climate suiting soft drinks, and increasing incomes boosting consumption.
PepsiCo has a complex global supply chain that it manages through various strategies and technologies. It partners with logistics providers like Penske Logistics to implement just-in-time delivery and uses transportation optimization software from i2 to reduce costs and improve on-time delivery. PepsiCo also works with HP to implement e-solutions that increase supply chain visibility and overall efficiency through technologies like supply chain event management and tracking across orders, inventory, and shipments.
The document provides information about PepsiCo's supply chain operations around the world. It discusses PepsiCo's brands and business segments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia/Middle East/Africa. It also describes PepsiCo's organizational structure, mission, vision, culture, and strategies. Additionally, it covers topics like PepsiCo's supply chain planning, operations, processes, competitive advantages, customer needs identification, demand uncertainty, supply chain capabilities, distribution channels, and forecasting methods.
PepsiCo is considering options to improve its diversification strategy in 2008. The alternatives being considered are: 1) adapt products to local customers, 2) pursue international acquisitions, and 3) forecast trends to improve healthy products and packaging. Each alternative was evaluated based on criteria such as cost, control, risk, and ability to follow new customer needs. The analysis determined that forecasting trends and innovating new products in response was the best alternative.
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This document provides an overview of international law and its impact on global business. It discusses key topics such as:
1) The main sources of international law including international customs, treaties, international organizations like the UN and EU, and principles of sovereignty, comity, and sovereign immunity.
2) How international laws are enforced, primarily through the legal systems of individual nations which are either common law or civil law based.
3) How violations of international law can impact trade through enforcement actions from affected countries or international organizations, which may include economic sanctions, diplomatic isolation, or in rare cases war between nations.
International law seeks to balance national sovereignty with facilitating global trade and resolving disputes peacefully.
International business law is the practice of law in the global business community. It includes a focus on economics and the law, international commercial transactions, licensing, tariffs and taxes, and many other topics. International business law varies by jurisdiction. It builds on top of basic business law concepts by expanding them to an international arena.
International and company law ppt @ bec domsBabasab Patil
International law governs relations between nations and is formed through international customs, treaties, and organizations. There are three main sources of international law: international customs, treaties and agreements, and international organizations. Key principles of international law include comity, which encourages nations to respect each other's laws, sovereign immunity, which exempts foreign nations from jurisdiction in domestic courts, and the act of state doctrine, which prevents courts from examining the validity of foreign governments' public acts within their territory. Nations also regulate specific international business activities through laws controlling investments, exports and imports, and organizations like the WTO help facilitate international trade.
The document discusses how different legal and regulatory systems around the world can affect global business expansion. It covers several key topics:
1) The different types of legal systems, including common law, civil/code law, and Islamic law. These systems can impact aspects of marketing.
2) How factors like business freedom, investment freedom, intellectual property rights, trade freedom, taxation, and import/export policies are all shaped by a country's legal framework.
3) Specific examples of trade blocs like NAFTA and the EEA that have established agreements around trade between member countries.
4) Strategies businesses can take in response to unfavorable government actions, such as altering policies, seeking all
This document provides an overview of international law and political science topics. It discusses the structure of international treaties and agreements, and how they are negotiated and ratified by legislators. It also covers different areas of international law including economic law, security law, criminal law, environmental law, diplomatic law, humanitarian law, and human rights law. The document outlines the hierarchy of international law sources including treaties, custom, and general principles. It discusses how international law interacts with and can supersede domestic/local laws in certain cases.
Alternative Dispute Resolution in the Philippines.pdfLinda Garcia
This document discusses alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in the Philippines. It begins by outlining the benefits of using ADR methods like arbitration and mediation over litigation, such as party autonomy, lower costs and faster resolution times, privacy, and final/binding awards. It then describes the procedures involved in ADR, highlighting arbitration. The document also outlines the key features and provisions of Philippines' ADR Act of 2004, which aims to promote the use of ADR. The Act adopts the UNCITRAL Model Law and provides the framework for domestic and international commercial arbitration in the country.
This document discusses various aspects of international law and organizations. It covers the two main sources of international law - customary law and conventional law. It also describes several key international organizations like WIPO, WTO, USITC and ILO. Finally, it outlines different types of international agreements for trade, including bilateral, multilateral, trade and investment framework agreements, and free trade agreements like NAFTA and EEA, as well as the Marrakesh Agreement that established the WTO.
International business law -nudrat muftiNUDRAT MUFTI
This document discusses key aspects of international business law. It covers several modules relevant to international trade law, business law, competition law, corporate governance, intellectual property, and market regulation. Specifically, it examines international contracts for the sale of goods, international transport of goods by sea, international payments through documentary credits, the European Union's regional legal framework, and methods for resolving private international disputes like arbitration. The goal is for students to develop applied knowledge and problem-solving skills for understanding the legal environment and intricacies of conducting international business transactions and partnerships across different countries and cultures.
Linkedin Submission To The Australian Parliament Aus Usa Free Trade Agreement...anapenteado
This submission analyzes chapter 17 of the proposed Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement regarding intellectual property rights and how it could impact Aboriginal rights in Australia. Key concerns include that the US FTA promotes sole rather than communal ownership, which would undermine upcoming Australian legislation to recognize communal Aboriginal moral rights over cultural works. The US FTA also incorporates the more limited American approach to moral rights, which provides less protection than Australian copyright law. Ratifying the agreement could weaken Aboriginal land rights and cultural protections by imposing an American utilitarian view of intellectual property that does not recognize Indigenous rights and customary law.
This document discusses the political, legal, and regulatory environments that businesses operate within. It defines these terms and outlines some of the key elements and considerations, including political culture, sovereignty, political risk, taxes, intellectual property protection, bribery/corruption laws, and dispute resolution. It also describes some of the major legal systems (common law, civil law, Islamic law) and regulatory bodies like the EU that can impact businesses globally.
This document discusses the key legal issues companies face when doing international business. It explains that there is no single international commercial law, and companies must comply with the laws of each country they operate in. The major legal systems are outlined as common law, civil/code law, Islamic law, and Marxist-socialist law. Key differences between these systems are explained. The document also discusses international legal disputes, marketing laws in different countries, intellectual property rights, environmental regulations, antitrust laws, and unresolved cyberlaw issues.
Public International Law Vs. Private International LawRaveesha Gupta
This document provides an overview of public international law and private international law. It defines public international law as governing relations between states, covering areas like war, peace, diplomacy, human rights, and international organizations. Private international law deals with cases that involve foreign elements, raising issues of applying foreign law or involving foreign courts. The document then discusses sources, subjects, jurisdiction, and current trends in both public and private international law.
Public international law vs private international lawWajid Ali Kharal
This document provides an overview of public international law and private international law. It defines public international law as governing relations between states, covering areas like war, peace, diplomacy, human rights, and international organizations. Private international law deals with cases that involve foreign elements, raising issues of applying foreign law or involving foreign courts. The document then discusses sources, subjects, jurisdiction, and current trends in both public and private international law.
Should human rights be considered before giving preferential trading rightsSneh Sharma
The document discusses whether human rights should be considered when granting preferential trading rights to countries. It notes that the US and EU have increasingly included human rights protections in their trade agreements in recent decades. However, enforcing human rights standards through trade policy can be diplomatically disruptive, economically inefficient, ambiguous, and politically divisive for partner countries. While human rights are important moral principles, merging them with trade negotiations complexly impacts all parties and may not effectively protect rights.
Transnational Commercial Law (TCL) aims to facilitate cross-border business transactions by clarifying and improving rules governing international transactions. TCL draws from national private law, international treaties, and other sources. The document analyzes the legitimacy and scope of various terms used to describe the legal framework for international business, such as "International Commercial Law" and "International Trade Law". It also discusses the status of TCL sources before national courts and arbitral tribunals. National courts apply private international law rules and treaties have the force of applicable national law. Arbitral tribunals have more flexibility and treaties directly have the status of law.
The document discusses several key aspects of international business laws and trade agreements. It begins by defining international business and outlining some of the common challenges, such as differing languages, cultures, and policies. It then explains the three main types of international business law - public, private, and foreign law. Several major trade agreements and organizations are also summarized, including the GATT, WTO, and their guiding principles of non-discrimination, reciprocity, and transparency. Common elements of international contracts and payment terms are also highlighted.
International law is created through a complex process involving states, international organizations, and other actors. It has multiple sources, including treaties, customary law, general principles recognized by states, and judicial decisions. The creation of international law generally involves drafting, negotiation among interested parties, adoption by relevant bodies, ratification by individual states, implementation into domestic law, and enforcement. The development of international law depends on state cooperation and compliance with its rules to address global challenges.
Running head SENSORY INTEGRATION THERAPY SEN.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SENSORY INTEGRATION THERAPY
SENSORY INTEGRATION THERAPY
Sensory Integration Therapy
Name
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Sensory Integration Therapy
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1 - 1.01 Reliance on Scientific Knowledge - Behavior analysts rely on professionally derived knowledge based on science and behavior analysis when making scientific or professional judgments in human service provision, or when engaging in scholarly or professional endeavors.
2 - 1.02 Boundaries of Competence (b-New Areas) - Behavior analysts provide services, teach, or conduct research in new areas (e.g., populations, techniques, behaviors) only a er rst undertaking appropriate study, training, supervision, and/or consultation from persons who are competent in those areas.
3 - 1.03 Maintaining Competence through Professional Development - Behavior analysts maintain knowledge of current scientific and professional information in their areas of practice and undertake ongoing efforts to maintain competence in the skills they use by reading the appropriate literature, attending conferences and conventions, participating in workshops, obtaining additional coursework, and/or obtaining and maintaining appropriate professional credentials.
Conclusion
Explain how to communicate the importance of using evidence-based strategies to colleagues and family members using language appropriate for the audience.
References
1 – Scholarly source
2 – Scholarly source
3 – Scholarly source
Topic 11: International Law and Ethics
11.1Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
1. Summarize the fundamental principles which govern international law.
2. Describe different arrangements of international laws which affect international trade and relationships.
3. Illustrate the basic organization of the United Nations and explain the UN’s purpose.
4. Describe the political organization of the European Union.
5. Compare the purposes and organization of the three main world banking institutions.
6. Identify different methods or tools by which international disputes are typically resolved.
7. Describe the regulations imposed by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
8. Compare different standpoints on businesses’ obligation to fulfill social responsibility requirements.
9. Summarize the basic tenets of the foundational ethical philosophies that are commonly applied to business practices.
10. List and describe the five areas which govern the consensus view of good corporate citizenship.11.2General ...
International Business Tips from Attorneyisaacdowdle
The document discusses 10 key international business considerations for companies conducting business abroad, including: choosing governing law and regional restrictions; hiring local attorneys; complying with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; using international licensing as an alternative to subsidiaries; understanding duties and consumer protection laws; learning Incoterms definitions; ensuring proper documentation of sale; and using international arbitration for dispute resolution.
Similar to Laws Affecting International Business and Travel Chapter 12 (20)
The document discusses the key characteristics and purpose of an effective vision statement for a business. A vision statement should paint a picture of where the company aims to be in the future, provide strategic guidance to managers, and inspire employees to work towards common goals. It should clearly describe how the company will position itself beyond its current state. Regular communication of the vision is important to gain widespread support across the organization and steer it towards strategic objectives that fulfill the vision.
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This chapter discusses various topics related to language in intercultural business communication, including high- and low-context languages, language diversity, informal languages, forms of verbal interaction, and translation problems. It provides examples of differences between languages in areas such as vocabulary equivalence, numbers, and linear vs. nonlinear thought. The chapter also includes international examples of language misunderstandings and comparisons of proverbs across cultures.
There is good alignment between what the company says it stands for and what employees actually experience and believe in. Alignment of values helps build trust and commitment.
Principle 2: Distributed Leadership
• Leadership is distributed throughout the organisation rather than concentrated at the top.
The document discusses various aspects of oral and nonverbal communication patterns across cultures, including:
1. Thought processes can differ between deductive and inductive reasoning and speed of decision making.
2. Paralanguage refers to vocal qualities like rate, volume, and pitch that vary culturally.
3. Nonverbal communication includes concepts like chronemics (time), proxemics (space), oculesics (eye contact), and others.
4. Cultural attitudes towards areas like time, space, eye contact, touch, and other nonverbal cues can greatly differ between cultures.
This document summarizes key topics in intercultural business communication from Chapter 5 of the textbook "Language Intercultural Business Communication". It discusses high- and low-context cultures and languages, differences in verbal styles across cultures, issues with translation, and tips for effective communication with interpreters. Examples of cultural differences in areas like numbers, proverbs, nonverbal communication, and conversational taboos are provided.
1) Cultural shock occurs when moving to a culture different from one's home culture and can cause feelings of frustration, homesickness, and irritability.
2) There are typically five stages of cultural shock: excitement, crisis, adjustment, acceptance, and reentry shock upon returning home.
3) Ways to alleviate cultural shock include selecting culturally sensitive overseas personnel, providing cross-cultural training, and developing support systems within the host culture.
This chapter discusses key concepts related to intercultural communication including globalization, culture, stereotypes, enculturation, ethnocentrism, norms, roles, networks, subcultures, cultural intelligence, communication barriers, and multinational management orientations. It provides definitions of these terms and concepts. It also gives examples of cultural differences and perceptions, as well as stereotypes between cultures.
The document discusses several universal systems that impact intercultural business communication, including economic, political, educational, and family systems as well as social hierarchies and interactions. It provides examples and comparisons of these systems between different countries.
This document summarizes key cultural values dimensions from Hofstede's and GLOBE studies, including individualism vs collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, gender egalitarianism, and long-term vs short-term orientation. It provides examples of differences in these dimensions among various cultures like the US, Japan, and European countries. It also discusses how these values influence communication, work attitudes, ethics, and the role of religion in different societies.
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Laws Affecting International Business and Travel Chapter 12
1. Chapter 12
Laws Affecting
International
Business and Travel
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
2. Topics
Home-Country and Host-Country
Laws
International Laws
Contracts
Global Patents
Nonwritten Law
Ethics and the Law
International Travel and Law
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
3. The world has numerous laws
that affect international
business.
When a company is engaged in
international business, what
the company representatives
can legally do is controlled by
both their nation and the
foreign nation with which they
wish to conduct business.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
4. Terms
Act of State Doctrine - Each country can do as it
wishes within its own boundaries.
Home Country Laws - Laws, treaties, or acts that
govern business within your own country (and
those governing business with other countries).
Host Country Laws - Laws, treaties, or acts that
govern business within the foreign country with
which you wish to conduct business.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
5. Legal Requirements that Govern
U.S. Citizens' Actions During
Negotiations
Antidiversion Requirement - Bill of
lading and invoice must clearly
display that the carrier cannot
divert the shipment to a country the
U.S. government considers
restricted.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
6. Antiboycott Regulations - Prohibits U.S.
companies from participating in boycotts
between two foreign countries by refusing to
do business with a friendly nation to comply
with a foreign boycott.
Antitrust Laws - Designed to ensure fair
competition and low prices to U.S. consumers;
they affect exporters in such areas as mergers
and acquisitions of foreign firms, raw material
procurement agreements, knowledge licenses,
distribution channels, etc .
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
7. Written Information Laws
The Export Administration Act of 1985 - requires
federal licensing of technical information in
business correspondence.
The Arms Export Control Act of 1968 and Trading
with the Enemy Act of 1917 - prohibit the
transfer of information on military material or
defense-related materials.
The International Emergency Economic Powers
Act of 1977 - governs information that is
research oriented from being communicated to
foreigners.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
8. Technology Laws
The World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) of the United
Nations promotes intellectual
property rights worldwide and
currently administers 22 treaties
for 181 member nations.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
9. Technology Laws
Berne Convention Implementation Act
of 1988 - recognized the copyrights
of all the signatory nations to the act;
157countries were signatories in
2004.
Madrid Convention - trademarks are
protected by the 34 countries that
are signatories (U.S. and China,
however, are not signatories).
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
10. Employment Laws
Most nations have legislation
governing wages, hours, union-
management relations, residence
visas, and work permits.
Some nations require a certain ratio
of nationals to foreigners.
Legal questions that may be asked
of a potential employee differ by
country.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
11. Maquiladora Law
Presidential Decree for the Development
and Operation of the Maquiladora
Industry Program of 1983
International maquiladora program in
Mexico allows the duty-free import of
equipment, machinery, and materials
to assemble parts of products that are
then returned to the home country.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
12. The U.S. Tariff Code allows the final product to
be brought into the country with only the final
value added to the goods being taxed.
An important consideration in this program is
the difference in form of law. The U.S. (except
Louisiana) practices common law (based on
what has been traditionally accepted as right
over many years); Mexico practices civil law
(body of laws of a state or nation related to
private matters). The difference is that civil law
rather than precedent is considered during
litigation.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
13. International Law
International Court of Justice (also known as the
World Court) - body of the United Nations that
provides a way to settle international
disagreements between countries rather than
corporations.
The three legal bodies in the United Nations
are: United Nations Commission on
International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), The
International Commission, and the Sixth
Committee of the General Assembly.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
14. A movement by institutions concerned with
international business has encouraged the
development of agreements and laws that are
uniformly accepted in world trade. These
institutions are:
International Chamber of Commerce
International Commercial Terms
(Incoterms)
ECE Standard Conditions
The Hague Convention
The Vienna Agreement
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
15. Quasi-international Law - rules for the
relationship between legal entities and
states that do not have national status,
such as private corporations.
Sanctions – prohibit U.S. companies from
doing business in targeted countries.
When the U.S. government does not
approve of a country’s policies, they
implement sanctions to try to reform the
country.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
16. Macaulay's Thesis - considers long-
term relationship more important
than contracts.
Thematization - process by which a
framework for mutual
communication and satisfaction is
reached; process could be related to
the law, economies, power, or
religion.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
17. Governance Structures
Market governance - contract based
Trilateral governance - adds an arbitrator
Bilateral governance - may not spell
everything out but implies a continuing
relationship
Unified governance – no details are
negotiated in advance; maximum
flexibility is provided - only one party
sets terms for both parties; appropriate
for subsidiaries of a single
organization.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
18. Contracts
Contract - an agreement between
parties to do something that is oral,
written, or implied through conduct.
How are contracts viewed in the
U.S.? Very important; oral contract
is legally enforceable.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
19. How are contracts viewed in Japan?
May be made verbally, in writing, or by
conduct but are always open to
renegotiation.
How are contracts viewed by the
Russian Federation?
In the past little need existed for
contracts; goods were allocated and
firms accepted what was sent. This
practice is now changing, but they still
have problems with the concept.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
20. Global Patents
Company files patent application with the U.S.
Patent Office; limitation to file abroad is one year
from the date of the U.S. application.
Patent Cooperation Treaty - when patents are
filed in other countries, the new patents claim
priority to the date on the U.S. patent thus
prevailing over competing rights of other
investors.
Treaties override all other domestic laws; nations
need to be aware of their sovereignty and
remember that treaties should be based on good
science, rather than on wishful thinking or bad
politics.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
21. Unwritten Law
Unwritten business laws are called drawer
regulations in Brazil because they operate from
unwritten operational codes rather than laws.
Many drawer regulations are disappearing with
countries joining free trade markets.
In high-context cultures (Japan), little emphasis
is given to the written word; the situation would
determine whether to adhere to the law. Oral
agreements would be considered binding, and
written contracts would be considered flexible.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
22. Ethics and the Law
Four motivations for unethical
conduct in business:
profit
competition
justice
advertising
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
23. The three dimensions of negotiation
ethics are:
Means/ends – measured by utility
Relativism/absolutism – considers two
extremes: either everything is relative
or everything is without deviation from
the rule
Truth telling – considers whether
concealing information, conscious
misstatements, exaggeration, or
bluffing during negotiations is
dishonest
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
24. Laws Related to Ethics in Business
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 -
requires U.S. companies to account for
and report international transactions
accurately and prohibits bribes
(including gifts and entertainment) that
are used to gain a business advantage.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
25. The Doctrine of Sovereign Compliance - an
international legal principle that can be used as
a defense in your home country for work carried
out in a host country when the two countries'
legal positions are different.
Export Trading Company Act of 1982 - allows
companies that normally would not be allowed to
participate in joint ventures to develop trading
companies similar to those in Britain and Japan
(e.g., GM, Ford, and Chrysler make parts with
European and Japanese car manufacturers to
jointly produce and sell cars).
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
26. Legal and Ethical Practices are
Viewed Differently
The word "contraband" in the U.S.
suggests breaking the law by smuggling.
In Latin America, however, the Spanish
word is contrabando (from the word
contrabandido, which means "against
the bandits,") and is viewed in a positive
way.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
27. International Travel and Law
A Passport - your proof of citizenship;
need a copy of your birth certificate and
current photos.
Citizenship - the state of being vested with
certain rights and duties as a native or
naturalized member of a country.
Visa - gives you the right to enter and
stay in a country for a period of time for a
specific purpose.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
28. Consulate - made up of individuals sent
by the government to other countries to
promote the commercial interests of
their home country.
Customs Agents - enforce export and
import laws of the country; have the
right to search and confiscate anything
you may have with you.
Duties - import taxes
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
29. Suggestions for International
Travel
Register with the U.S. embassy or
consulate when you arrive.
Turn to the embassy or consulate for
legal, medical, or financial problems.
Contact the American Consul for a list of
attorneys, to notify your family, and to
protest any mistreatment. The Consul
can visit you in jail but cannot get you
released or provide for bonds or fines.
Axtell, Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors
30. Remember that you are subject to the
laws of the country while you are there.
Register with the local authorities if you
plan a prolonged visit. You may be
asked to leave your passport overnight
or to complete certain forms.
Use authorized outlets for cashing
checks and buying airline tickets; avoid
the black market or street money
changers that you will see in many
Axtell, Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors
31. Ask before you photograph anything to be sure it
is permissible.
Avoid these common infractions of the law: trying
to take historical artifacts or antiquities out of the
country, customs violations, immigration
violations, drunk or disorderly conduct, and
business fraud.
Obtain an international driver’s license if you need
to drive. Travel agents can assist with this. Many
countries require proof of insurance while driving.
Axtell, Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors
32. Do not deal in drugs; this is a serious
offense in all countries, and penalties
can be much more serious than in the
U.S., including death.
Keep a list of credit card/traveler’s check
numbers in a safe place in case they are
lost or stolen.
Obtain a copy of Safe Trip Abroad.
Axtell, Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors
33. Make a list of such useful telephone
numbers as the U.S. State Department,
Amnesty International (New York), and
the International Legal Defense
Counsel (Philadelphia).
Your health should be a concern; get a
copy of Health Information for
International Travel by the Center for
Disease Control and Prevention.
Be trustworthy, helpful, kind, friendly,
courteous, obedient, cheerful, brave,
and reverent.
Axtell, Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors
34. Country-Specific Travel Tips
Canada – Since 9/11/01, passports for U.S.
citizens entering from the U.S. or another
country are required. Hotel accommodations
in large cities are similar to those in the U.S.
Public transportation systems in Montréal and
Québéc City are very good.
England – Passport required; U.S citizens do
not need a visa for visits up to six months; no
vaccinations are required. Continental
breakfast included in the room price in larger
hotels. Public transportation includes the
underground and taxis.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
35. Country-Specific Travel Tips
China – U.S. citizens need a passport and a visa. Hotel
accommodations in large cities are available. Public
transportation systems exist throughout the country.
Bicycles are the main mode of transportation.
France – Passport required, but U.S. citizens may travel
in France without a visa for up to three months. No
vaccinations are required. Hotels do not always have a
bath in the room nor are they always air conditioned.
Public transportation includes the Métro (subway),
buses, streetcars, taxis, and the TGV (a high-speed
train connecting 36 European cities). Use only
“official” taxis; unauthorized taxis have no meters and
charge whatever they wish.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
36. Country-Specific Travel Tips
Germany – Passport required, but U.S.
citizens do not need a visa to travel in
Germany for up to three months. No
vaccinations are required. Hotel price
generally includes a continental
breakfast, but heat may be an extra
charge. Not all hotel rooms have a bath
inside the room. Public transportation
includes buses, streetcars, subways,
trains, and taxis.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
37. Country-Specific Travel Tips
Japan – Passport needed, but no visa is
needed for visits of less than 90 days.
No vaccinations are required. Large
cities have numerous Western-style
hotels with private baths. Restroom
facilities are usually unisex. Public
transportation includes trains, subways,
and buses. The “bullet train,” which
runs between major cities, offers regular
and first-class accommodations.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
38. Country-Specific Travel Tips
Mexico – Proof of citizenship needed; U.S.
citizens may stay up to three months in
Mexico with no visa. No vaccinations are
required but may be advisable when
traveling in certain parts of the country.
Resort towns and larger cities have
numerous excellent hotel accommodations.
Public transportation varies greatly from
crowded buses to the subway of Mexico City.
Driving in many parts of Mexico is not
advisable.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
39. Country-Specific Travel Tips
The Netherlands – U.S. citizens need a passport but
no visa. Hotels are comfortable. Public
transportation is very good.
South Korea – U. S. citizens need a passport but no
visa for 30 days or less. Public transportation is
very good. No vaccinations required. Both western
and yogwan hotels are available.
Taiwan – U. S. citizens need a valid passport and a
visa after 30 days. Public transportation is very
good. No vaccinations are required. Hotels are very
western and comfortable.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin
40. Travel Advice
Obey the laws of the host country.
Be courteous and helpful.
Remember that it is their country.
If you cannot speak positively about
the country, remain silent.
Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed., Chaney & Martin