This presentation is for use when covering media law in an introductory mass media course. Includes laws impacting the media, new laws, legal changes, definitions of laws, controversy, 1st amendment laws.
This presentation is for use when covering media law in an introductory mass media course. Includes laws impacting the media, new laws, legal changes, definitions of laws, controversy, 1st amendment laws.
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle by Shreedeep Rayamajh...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle is a presentation on interpretation, practice and understand ability. Asia is a growing economy the interpretation and practice is very much independent and unique as per country and location.
Here in this presentation we have tried to highlight some of the basic concept of FoE, Internet rights and principle
This presentation was presented in Sri Lankan IGF2016
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle by Shreedeep Rayamajh...Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Freedom of Expression our Internet Rights and Principle is a presentation on interpretation, practice and understand ability. Asia is a growing economy the interpretation and practice is very much independent and unique as per country and location.
Here in this presentation we have tried to highlight some of the basic concept of FoE, Internet rights and principle
This presentation was presented in Sri Lankan IGF2016
RESPOND ONLY TO THE HIGHLIGHTED STATEMENTS AND KEEP THEM LABELED A,B.docxisbelsejx0m
RESPOND ONLY TO THE HIGHLIGHTED STATEMENTS AND KEEP THEM LABELED A,B, AND C
A
.From the e-Activity, compare and contrast the fundamental differences in the manner in which the general populace may interpret court decisions involving social policy. Provide a rationale for your response.
From the e-
activity
, Philip Howard explained is the best, judges apply what is best for the region or expectation. For example, “Perhaps courts inevitably make social policy that this is
inhernet
in the power they yield”(Howard Philip). I don’t remember was it this class are not but social media can also interfere with decision are policies made in the area, with people protesting more and communities broadcasting city council meetings it makes it easier on us to be involved. But
Joffe
, pointed out,” In our system we have constitutions laws and regulations, but also common law evolution and broad discretions”.
Take a position on whether or not you believe the Supreme Court is responsive to public opinion. Examine the extent to which public opinion should affect Supreme Court decisions. Support your response with at least three (3) examples of the perceived effects of public opinion on Supreme Court decisions.
I don't think Supreme Court should be responsive to the public opinion,
1. The Supreme Court has limitation on what they can rule in, for example the Elk Grove case the issue with custodial right was left to the state.
2. They only listen to cases that interfere with the U.S Constitution.
3.Public opinion may affect common law
B.
Summarize three (3) Supreme Court decisions that you believe have had the most impact on our society. Provide a rationale for your response.
Discuss the general role of the U.S. Court System in influencing society. Give your opinion on whether or not you believe that mass media influences court decisions. Provide a rationale for your response.
The t
hree
cases that I believe have had the most impact on our society are as follows:
1. Brown v. Board of Education. In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional and unequal to have separate educational facilities for students based on their race. This case provoked the civil rights movement.
2. United States v. Nixon. In 1974, The supreme Court made a ruling that President Nixon had to turn over tapes and other documents regarding the Watergate scandal. The ruling set preliminaries which limits the power of the president of the United States.
3.
Mapp
v. Ohio. In 1961, the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of
Dollree
Mapp
because the evidence that they collected to use against her was obtained illegally. They wanted to search her home without a warrant looking for a suspect in a bombing but she refused to let them in. They returned later and forced their way into her home. Her case help strengthened the Fourth Amendment, protection against illegal searches.
The court is to protect the citizen rights and to uphold the Constitution. The judges are app.
The Press Complaints Commission is an independent body that deals with complaints from members of the public about the editorial content of newspapers and magazines.
Their service to the public is free, quick and easy.
They aim to deal with most complaints in just 32 working days
There is absolutely no cost to the people complaining.
View all the winners from the Ohio Scholastic Media Association's 2009-2010 contest. These awards were presented at Kent State University on April 9, 2010.
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
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ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
2. The First Amendment
Democracy – government by the people requires
a free press.
Libertarianism
People cannot govern themselves in a democracy
unless they have access to the information they need
for that governance.
Based on “self-righting principle” – fathered by John
Milton (1644)
Included the free flow or trade of ideas serves to ensure
that public discourse will allow the truth to emerge
Truth will emerge from public discourse because people
are inherently rational and good.
3. First Amendment
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubmmWR
6KPhg&feature=related
What does “NO LAW” mean?
US Congress can make NO LAW but what about
state legislature?
Gitlowvs New York – 1925 – settled this, involved
the right of the state to limit the publication of a
socialist newsletter.
“Congress shall make no law” should be
interpreted as “government agencies shall make
no law…”
4. What is “the Press”
What “press” enjoys First Amendment
protection.
Movies (1952), TV and Radio (1973)
Advertising and commercial speech (1942)
Entertainment content (1967)
5. Abridgment
Freedom, with some limits
1919 – Schenk v. United States defined “clear
and present danger” as a limit to first
amendment freedoms.
A pamphlet was issued urging resistance to the
military draft during WWI.
This is where the you can’t shout “fire” in a crowded
theater saying came from – that speech would not be
protected.
Established the legal philosophy that there is no
ABSOLUTE freedom of expression, it is one of degree
6. Other issues
Cameras in the courtroom
Free press vs. Fair trial
First Amendment vs. the Sixth Amendment
Should cameras be allowed…supporting the
public’s right to know, or do they so alter the
workings of the court that a fair trial is impossible?
Consistently decided in favor of fair trial
Print reporters enjoy access to trials, broadcast
usually denied.
Later allowed some instances of camera recording
7. Libel and Slander
Libel – is the false and malicious publication
of material that damages a person’s
reputation.
Slander – the oral or spoken defamation of a
person’s character
THESE ARE NOT protected speech under the
First Amendment
8. Three tests for libel/slander
TRUTH – if what is said can be proven as true, it
is protected speech.
PRIVILEGE - coverage of legislative, court or
other public activities could contain information
that is not true or that is damaging to someone
but the press can still cover it without fear of
being hauled into court for slander or libel.
FAIR COMMENT – press has the right to express
opinions or comments on public issues. Theater
and film reviews for instance, however severe are
protected speech.
9. Public Figures
Different rules
BECAUSE they are in the public eye, usually by
choice, they are fair game for comment
1964 – NY Times vs. Sullivan (MLK ad)
Have to show that there was ACTUAL MALICE in
order to prove libel in a case regarding a public
figure.
ACTUAL MALICE when reporting on public
figures is regarded as KNOWLEDGE of its
FALSITY or RECKLESS DISREGARD for whether
it is true or not.
10. Prior Restraint
Ability of the government to prevent the
publication or broadcast of expression.
Rare use in the US but it has been used…number
of times the government has attempted to
squelch the release of information.
If it will cause danger, overthrow by force of an
orderly government…threat to national security.
Pentagon Papers is a good example. Leaked info.
11. Obscenity and Pornography
Obscenity is not protected
Basic guidelines –
Whether the average person, applying
contemporary community standards would find
that the work taken as a whole, appeals to the
prurient interest
Whether the work depicts or describes, in a
patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically
defined by the applicable state law, and
Whether the work, taken as a whole, lacks serious
literary, artistic, political, or scientific value
12. Problem
What is offensive to me, might not be offensive
to you…what I see as art, you may not.
The Internet blows “Community Standards”
concept OUT of the water.
Justice Potter in Ginzburgv. US came up with the
“I know it when I see it” judgment of
pornography.
Pornography IS protected speech, until the court
rules it illegal, then it becomes deemed as
obscenity.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0X3T6-
K22o
13. Other issues
Indecency – broadcasting
Think in terms of the Janet Jackson wardrobe
malfunction
14. Other Issues
Deregulation
Fairness Doctrine
This required broadcasters to cover issues of public
importance FAIRLY
Other regulations included rules on children’s
programming and ascertainment, which required
broadcasters to ascertain the wants of the audience
When deregulation occurred it was MUCH easier to
get their licenses renewed and the burden of proof
was no longer on the station….began with Reagan.
16. Social Responsibility Theory
How the media SHOULD, in theory…act
It is a normative theory, or practical and
applied theory.
It is the standard against which the public
should judge the performance of the US
media.
The theory states that: media must remain
free of government control, but in exchange
the media must serve the public.
17. Social Responsibility Theory
Balances libertarian concepts of freedom
with practical admissions of the need for
some form of control on the media.
18. Social Responsibility Theory
Media should accept and fulfill certain obligations of society
Can meet these obligations by setting high standards of
professionalism, truth, accuracy and objectivity
Should be self-regulating within the framework of the law
Should avoid disseminating material that might lead to crime or
violence or civil disorder, or might offend minority groups
As a whole should be pluralistic, reflect the diversity of the
culture in which they operate, and give access to various points of
view and rights of reply
The public has a right to expect high standards of performance,
and official intervention can be justified to ensure the public
good
Media professionals should be accountable to society as well as
to their employers and the market.
WELL!
19. So what
Basically by rejecting government control of
the media and accepting SR theory – which
calls for responsible, ethical industry
operations – it still does not free audiences
from THEIR responsibility.
?
Media literacy
21. Ethics
Ethics = rules of behavior or moral principles
that guide our actions in given situations.
For this class, it specifically means the
application of rational thought by media
professionals when deciding between two or
more competing moral choices.
23. The big ones
Truth and Honesty
Privacy
Confidentiality
Personal Conflict of Interest
Profit and Social Responsibility
Offensive Content
24. Ethics
Creates a web that balances many competing
personal and professional norms
There is no overseeing body that can punish a
journalist for breech of professional codes of
ethics
http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp
25. The Steve Jobs example
http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/tec
h/2011/01/23/rs.steve.jobs.health.cnn.html