Whistle blowing refers to exposing illegal or unethical activities within an organization. It is a controversial issue that involves balancing loyalty to one's organization with promoting justice. Whistle blowers face risks of retaliation, so some countries have laws to protect them. However, whistle blowing is also complex because organizations have a right to protect confidential information. Whether a particular act of whistle blowing is right or wrong depends on factors like the motivations and potential consequences.
Whistle Blower - Another Reason why Open Government is ImportantMujtaba Hussain
The document discusses whistleblowers and provides several definitions and perspectives on what constitutes a whistleblower. It also provides brief summaries on notable whistleblowers such as Chelsea Manning, Julian Assange, and Mark Klein. While whistleblowing aims to expose unlawful or unethical behavior, whistleblowers often face negative consequences for their actions such as termination, legal punishment, or risk to their safety and security. However, in some cases whistleblowers have also received compensation or recognition for bringing important issues to light in the public interest. The document concludes that laws protecting whistleblowers are important but not always effective, and more participatory democracy is needed to support whistleblowers and the information they bring forward.
The document discusses whistleblowing and provides guidance on when and how to blow the whistle. It defines whistleblowing as raising concerns about misconduct within an organization. There are different types of whistleblowing like internal (within the organization) or external (going public). Whistleblowers should have documented evidence and exhaust internal reporting procedures before going public. The document also discusses challenges whistleblowers may face like retaliation and the psychological toll it can take. Case studies of whistleblowers from NASA and India are provided to illustrate the risks and impacts of blowing the whistle.
Whistleblowing is the term used when a person passes on information concerning wrongdoing, such as corruption, sexual harassment.This can be referred to as "blowing the whistle", "making a disclosure", "making a whistleblowing report", or otherwise
Whistleblowing involves the disclosure of wrongdoing by employees or insiders. It first occurred in 1773 when Franklin exposed corruption. The US passed its first whistleblower protection law in 1776. While laws exist to protect whistleblowers, 74% still face retaliation like job termination. Surveys show most people support whistleblowing and stronger protections as it promotes accountability. However, whistleblowers also face personal consequences as seen with Linda Tripp and Mark Whitacre who assisted investigations but also faced legal issues.
Firstly, the document discusses whistleblowing and defines it as the release of information by an organization member or former member about illegal or unethical conduct within the organization.
Secondly, it outlines conditions for justified whistleblowing, including that the situation involves sufficient moral importance, the whistleblower has properly understood all facts and significance, and all internal channels have been utilized.
Thirdly, it discusses the Edward Snowden case, in which the computer analyst exposed top-secret NSA documents about US surveillance programs, and views him as a patriot rather than a traitor for prioritizing public interest over corporate and government laws.
Whistleblowing refers to revealing wrongdoing within an organization to the public or those in authority. It is important as it draws attention to unethical conduct that could harm the institution or people. However, whistleblowers often face negative consequences like losing their job or damaging their career. The document discusses whistleblowing definitions, purposes, types, advantages, disadvantages and provides guidance on the process. It also examines laws protecting whistleblowers and notable cases like Karen Silkwood and Jeffrey Wigand who exposed issues in their workplaces.
Whistle Blower - Another Reason why Open Government is ImportantMujtaba Hussain
The document discusses whistleblowers and provides several definitions and perspectives on what constitutes a whistleblower. It also provides brief summaries on notable whistleblowers such as Chelsea Manning, Julian Assange, and Mark Klein. While whistleblowing aims to expose unlawful or unethical behavior, whistleblowers often face negative consequences for their actions such as termination, legal punishment, or risk to their safety and security. However, in some cases whistleblowers have also received compensation or recognition for bringing important issues to light in the public interest. The document concludes that laws protecting whistleblowers are important but not always effective, and more participatory democracy is needed to support whistleblowers and the information they bring forward.
The document discusses whistleblowing and provides guidance on when and how to blow the whistle. It defines whistleblowing as raising concerns about misconduct within an organization. There are different types of whistleblowing like internal (within the organization) or external (going public). Whistleblowers should have documented evidence and exhaust internal reporting procedures before going public. The document also discusses challenges whistleblowers may face like retaliation and the psychological toll it can take. Case studies of whistleblowers from NASA and India are provided to illustrate the risks and impacts of blowing the whistle.
Whistleblowing is the term used when a person passes on information concerning wrongdoing, such as corruption, sexual harassment.This can be referred to as "blowing the whistle", "making a disclosure", "making a whistleblowing report", or otherwise
Whistleblowing involves the disclosure of wrongdoing by employees or insiders. It first occurred in 1773 when Franklin exposed corruption. The US passed its first whistleblower protection law in 1776. While laws exist to protect whistleblowers, 74% still face retaliation like job termination. Surveys show most people support whistleblowing and stronger protections as it promotes accountability. However, whistleblowers also face personal consequences as seen with Linda Tripp and Mark Whitacre who assisted investigations but also faced legal issues.
Firstly, the document discusses whistleblowing and defines it as the release of information by an organization member or former member about illegal or unethical conduct within the organization.
Secondly, it outlines conditions for justified whistleblowing, including that the situation involves sufficient moral importance, the whistleblower has properly understood all facts and significance, and all internal channels have been utilized.
Thirdly, it discusses the Edward Snowden case, in which the computer analyst exposed top-secret NSA documents about US surveillance programs, and views him as a patriot rather than a traitor for prioritizing public interest over corporate and government laws.
Whistleblowing refers to revealing wrongdoing within an organization to the public or those in authority. It is important as it draws attention to unethical conduct that could harm the institution or people. However, whistleblowers often face negative consequences like losing their job or damaging their career. The document discusses whistleblowing definitions, purposes, types, advantages, disadvantages and provides guidance on the process. It also examines laws protecting whistleblowers and notable cases like Karen Silkwood and Jeffrey Wigand who exposed issues in their workplaces.
Whistleblowing involves informing on wrongdoing within an organization, such as violations of law or regulations, corruption, or risks to health and safety. The misconduct may be reported internally or externally. Whistleblowers aim to protect the public, colleagues, and others, but they also face potential retaliation from management and conflicts of interest between their duties to the company and protecting the public. Whistleblowing can increase shareholder confidence, enhance corporate social responsibility, protect all interests, reduce risk exposure, prevent injuries, and ensure legal compliance.
Intro to press regulation 1 the legal systemlatymermedia
The document discusses press regulation and relevant UK laws, including defamation, libel, slander, harassment, contempt, and copyright. It outlines that defamation includes libel and slander, which are harmful written or spoken statements about a person or entity. The Human Rights Act of 1998 and European Court of Human Rights are also mentioned, specifically regarding rights to privacy and freedom of expression. The overriding question in adjudicating press issues is whether an action was in the public interest.
Privacy is the right to be left alone and selectively reveal information about oneself. Media can intrusively report private details about public figures without consent. There is an ethical dilemma balancing individual privacy against public access to information. Internationally, privacy is not absolute and can be breached in the public interest regarding crime or corruption. Under law, privacy rights protect against unreasonable intrusion, appropriation of name/likeness, publishing private facts, or falsely portraying someone.
Whistleblowing involves drawing public attention to wrongdoing in order to prevent harm. There are different types of whistleblowing, including internal (within an organization), personal (against an individual), and external (against an organization). Whistleblowers are rarely seen as heroes by coworkers due to doubts about their loyalty and perceptions that they have damaged the organization. For whistleblowing to be morally permissible, the organization's actions must pose serious harm, concerns must first be reported internally, and all internal procedures must be exhausted. For it to be obligatory, there must also be documented evidence and a reasonable chance that going public will create necessary changes. Physical harm poses a higher obligation than only financial harm.
This presentation will help you to understand the rule of Whistle Blowing that when and in what circumstances you have to raise your voice against anything bad.
This document provides a summary of journalism law for copy editors. It discusses key concepts like the First Amendment, libel laws, invasion of privacy, copyright, and use of anonymous sources. Regarding the First Amendment, it notes that while it protects several freedoms, these rights are not absolute and must be balanced with other interests. It defines libel and provides examples of libelous statements. It also discusses the elements of invasion of privacy torts like public disclosure of private facts. The document covers copyright law basics and exceptions like fair use. It addresses legal issues around using anonymous sources and notes policies vary among news organizations.
Whistleblowing involves voluntarily reporting misconduct within an organization to those who can enact change. A whistleblower is an employee who reports such issues. The document discusses types of whistleblowing like internal/external and reasons for whistleblowing like enforcing ethics and protecting public interest. It provides examples of famous whistleblowers from companies like Enron and guidelines for potential whistleblowers to follow.
This document provides an overview of journalism law in the United States. It discusses how the First Amendment protects press freedoms but is not unlimited, covering issues like censorship, libel, obscenity, and invasion of privacy. It also outlines reporter's privilege and shield laws, as well as freedom of information laws governing access to public records and meetings. The future of these laws as they apply to online journalism is uncertain.
The document summarizes the key provisions and origins of the First Amendment to the US Constitution. It protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government. It originated from government attempts to censor free expression in England and the colonies. Notable cases like John Peter Zenger's trial established truth as a defense against seditious libel. Over time, the First Amendment has been interpreted to protect various forms of expression from government infringement through a system of judicial review and balancing tests.
This document outlines whistleblower policies and protections in India. It lists key whistleblower protection acts, including the Whistle Blowers Protection Act of 2014 and provisions under the Companies Act of 2013. The Whistle Blowers Protection Act of 2014 allows individuals to report corruption or misuse of power by public servants to vigilance commissions, and protects whistleblower identities. The Companies Act requires listed companies to establish vigil mechanism policies and report on these in annual reports. The document also gives examples of famous whistleblowers in India who faced retaliation for exposing wrongdoing.
Douglas Durand was the vice president of sales at TAP Pharmaceuticals who blew the whistle on the company for conspiring with doctors to overcharge Medicare. As a whistleblower, Durand faced threats but had 500 boxes of evidence that the company was illegally overcharging the government program. While whistleblowing keeps companies honest, it can also be a means of extortion and negatively impact a whistleblower's future career prospects. The Whistleblowers Protection Act of 2014 aims to protect whistleblowers in India from retaliation for exposing wrongdoing.
Whistle Blower is a person who takes a stand against the wrong for Selfless motives and remains resolute to his/her stand. This was a presentation given by me as a group of 5 girls across the MBA at Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science
Notes and tips on Australian defamation law and defences. A guide for journalists and communication professionals who want to stay out of legal trouble around libel issues.
Information on avoiding slander and libel claims. Provides a general overview of the law of defamation and invasion of privacy, with tips to avoid such claims.
Whistleblowing is a mechanism that allows individuals to report concerns about serious malpractice that they have witnessed. It involves an employee reporting suspected wrongdoing at work to the relevant authorities within an organization. Workers are permitted to blow the whistle on issues that could endanger health and safety, damage the environment, involve criminal offenses, or violate the law. Whistleblowers are protected under law from retaliation so they can safely report wrongdoing that is in the public interest. Organizations also benefit from whistleblowing through increased transparency and accountability.
The document discusses the key freedoms protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution, including freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition. It explains that these freedoms were originally only protected from the national government but have since been incorporated to apply to state and local governments as well through selective incorporation of the 14th Amendment. It provides examples of Supreme Court cases that have established limits and tests for these freedoms while still protecting unpopular political expression.
Communication, contempt and privilege 2013 Martin Hirst
A lecture for journalism and media students on the Australian contempt of court laws, privilege and freedom of speech.
It covers contempt of court, the rights and responsibilities of the media in reporting on and about the legal system and explores absolute and qualified privilege
The document discusses perception, whistleblowing, and a case study involving whistleblower Douglas Durand. It provides definitions of perception and whistleblowing. It describes Durand blowing the whistle on pharmaceutical company TAP for illegal kickbacks. Though initially vindicated, holes later emerged in Durand's story and TAP was cleared of charges. The document performs a SWOT analysis of whistleblowers and concludes that while whistleblowing can prevent wrongdoing, frivolous lawsuits may discourage valid claims. It asks questions about whether whistleblowers should report internally first and how such cases should be evaluated.
This document discusses whistleblowing and whistleblower protection laws. It defines a whistleblower as someone who exposes wrongdoing or corruption. It outlines whistleblower protection laws in countries like the UK, US, and Australia. In the US, key laws that protect whistleblowers include the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The document also discusses differences between whistleblowers and informants, provides definitions of whistleblowing, and examines major whistleblowing legislations around the world.
Whistleblowing and collective consultation changesLewis Silkin
The document summarizes several upcoming changes to UK employment law, including:
1) Changes to collective redundancy consultation rules that reduce the minimum consultation period from 90 days to 45 days for proposed redundancies of 100 or more employees.
2) Revisions to whistleblowing law removing the requirement that disclosures be made in "good faith" but allowing tribunals to reduce compensation if not made in good faith.
3) The introduction of pension auto-enrollment requiring employers to automatically enroll eligible workers into a workplace pension scheme.
4) The establishment of an independent assessment service for sickness absences over four weeks as part of revisions to sickness absence policies taking effect in 2014.
5) Planned
Whistleblowing involves informing on wrongdoing within an organization, such as violations of law or regulations, corruption, or risks to health and safety. The misconduct may be reported internally or externally. Whistleblowers aim to protect the public, colleagues, and others, but they also face potential retaliation from management and conflicts of interest between their duties to the company and protecting the public. Whistleblowing can increase shareholder confidence, enhance corporate social responsibility, protect all interests, reduce risk exposure, prevent injuries, and ensure legal compliance.
Intro to press regulation 1 the legal systemlatymermedia
The document discusses press regulation and relevant UK laws, including defamation, libel, slander, harassment, contempt, and copyright. It outlines that defamation includes libel and slander, which are harmful written or spoken statements about a person or entity. The Human Rights Act of 1998 and European Court of Human Rights are also mentioned, specifically regarding rights to privacy and freedom of expression. The overriding question in adjudicating press issues is whether an action was in the public interest.
Privacy is the right to be left alone and selectively reveal information about oneself. Media can intrusively report private details about public figures without consent. There is an ethical dilemma balancing individual privacy against public access to information. Internationally, privacy is not absolute and can be breached in the public interest regarding crime or corruption. Under law, privacy rights protect against unreasonable intrusion, appropriation of name/likeness, publishing private facts, or falsely portraying someone.
Whistleblowing involves drawing public attention to wrongdoing in order to prevent harm. There are different types of whistleblowing, including internal (within an organization), personal (against an individual), and external (against an organization). Whistleblowers are rarely seen as heroes by coworkers due to doubts about their loyalty and perceptions that they have damaged the organization. For whistleblowing to be morally permissible, the organization's actions must pose serious harm, concerns must first be reported internally, and all internal procedures must be exhausted. For it to be obligatory, there must also be documented evidence and a reasonable chance that going public will create necessary changes. Physical harm poses a higher obligation than only financial harm.
This presentation will help you to understand the rule of Whistle Blowing that when and in what circumstances you have to raise your voice against anything bad.
This document provides a summary of journalism law for copy editors. It discusses key concepts like the First Amendment, libel laws, invasion of privacy, copyright, and use of anonymous sources. Regarding the First Amendment, it notes that while it protects several freedoms, these rights are not absolute and must be balanced with other interests. It defines libel and provides examples of libelous statements. It also discusses the elements of invasion of privacy torts like public disclosure of private facts. The document covers copyright law basics and exceptions like fair use. It addresses legal issues around using anonymous sources and notes policies vary among news organizations.
Whistleblowing involves voluntarily reporting misconduct within an organization to those who can enact change. A whistleblower is an employee who reports such issues. The document discusses types of whistleblowing like internal/external and reasons for whistleblowing like enforcing ethics and protecting public interest. It provides examples of famous whistleblowers from companies like Enron and guidelines for potential whistleblowers to follow.
This document provides an overview of journalism law in the United States. It discusses how the First Amendment protects press freedoms but is not unlimited, covering issues like censorship, libel, obscenity, and invasion of privacy. It also outlines reporter's privilege and shield laws, as well as freedom of information laws governing access to public records and meetings. The future of these laws as they apply to online journalism is uncertain.
The document summarizes the key provisions and origins of the First Amendment to the US Constitution. It protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government. It originated from government attempts to censor free expression in England and the colonies. Notable cases like John Peter Zenger's trial established truth as a defense against seditious libel. Over time, the First Amendment has been interpreted to protect various forms of expression from government infringement through a system of judicial review and balancing tests.
This document outlines whistleblower policies and protections in India. It lists key whistleblower protection acts, including the Whistle Blowers Protection Act of 2014 and provisions under the Companies Act of 2013. The Whistle Blowers Protection Act of 2014 allows individuals to report corruption or misuse of power by public servants to vigilance commissions, and protects whistleblower identities. The Companies Act requires listed companies to establish vigil mechanism policies and report on these in annual reports. The document also gives examples of famous whistleblowers in India who faced retaliation for exposing wrongdoing.
Douglas Durand was the vice president of sales at TAP Pharmaceuticals who blew the whistle on the company for conspiring with doctors to overcharge Medicare. As a whistleblower, Durand faced threats but had 500 boxes of evidence that the company was illegally overcharging the government program. While whistleblowing keeps companies honest, it can also be a means of extortion and negatively impact a whistleblower's future career prospects. The Whistleblowers Protection Act of 2014 aims to protect whistleblowers in India from retaliation for exposing wrongdoing.
Whistle Blower is a person who takes a stand against the wrong for Selfless motives and remains resolute to his/her stand. This was a presentation given by me as a group of 5 girls across the MBA at Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science
Notes and tips on Australian defamation law and defences. A guide for journalists and communication professionals who want to stay out of legal trouble around libel issues.
Information on avoiding slander and libel claims. Provides a general overview of the law of defamation and invasion of privacy, with tips to avoid such claims.
Whistleblowing is a mechanism that allows individuals to report concerns about serious malpractice that they have witnessed. It involves an employee reporting suspected wrongdoing at work to the relevant authorities within an organization. Workers are permitted to blow the whistle on issues that could endanger health and safety, damage the environment, involve criminal offenses, or violate the law. Whistleblowers are protected under law from retaliation so they can safely report wrongdoing that is in the public interest. Organizations also benefit from whistleblowing through increased transparency and accountability.
The document discusses the key freedoms protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution, including freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition. It explains that these freedoms were originally only protected from the national government but have since been incorporated to apply to state and local governments as well through selective incorporation of the 14th Amendment. It provides examples of Supreme Court cases that have established limits and tests for these freedoms while still protecting unpopular political expression.
Communication, contempt and privilege 2013 Martin Hirst
A lecture for journalism and media students on the Australian contempt of court laws, privilege and freedom of speech.
It covers contempt of court, the rights and responsibilities of the media in reporting on and about the legal system and explores absolute and qualified privilege
The document discusses perception, whistleblowing, and a case study involving whistleblower Douglas Durand. It provides definitions of perception and whistleblowing. It describes Durand blowing the whistle on pharmaceutical company TAP for illegal kickbacks. Though initially vindicated, holes later emerged in Durand's story and TAP was cleared of charges. The document performs a SWOT analysis of whistleblowers and concludes that while whistleblowing can prevent wrongdoing, frivolous lawsuits may discourage valid claims. It asks questions about whether whistleblowers should report internally first and how such cases should be evaluated.
This document discusses whistleblowing and whistleblower protection laws. It defines a whistleblower as someone who exposes wrongdoing or corruption. It outlines whistleblower protection laws in countries like the UK, US, and Australia. In the US, key laws that protect whistleblowers include the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The document also discusses differences between whistleblowers and informants, provides definitions of whistleblowing, and examines major whistleblowing legislations around the world.
Whistleblowing and collective consultation changesLewis Silkin
The document summarizes several upcoming changes to UK employment law, including:
1) Changes to collective redundancy consultation rules that reduce the minimum consultation period from 90 days to 45 days for proposed redundancies of 100 or more employees.
2) Revisions to whistleblowing law removing the requirement that disclosures be made in "good faith" but allowing tribunals to reduce compensation if not made in good faith.
3) The introduction of pension auto-enrollment requiring employers to automatically enroll eligible workers into a workplace pension scheme.
4) The establishment of an independent assessment service for sickness absences over four weeks as part of revisions to sickness absence policies taking effect in 2014.
5) Planned
This document discusses whistleblowing and outlines some of the risks and rewards associated with alerting authorities or the public about illegal or unethical practices occurring in a company or organization. It notes that whistleblowing can be seen as disloyal and may result in termination or demotion by colleagues. However, whistleblowing can also stop wrongdoing, uphold principles, and be considered patriotic. The document examines some historical examples of whistleblowing, including at WorldCom and within the tobacco industry. It concludes that whistleblowing can be justified ethically if internal attempts are made first to stop inappropriate behaviors.
Risk management and whistle blowing policySandeep Mane
The document outlines a risk management and whistleblowing policy for an organization. It defines whistleblowing as raising concerns about danger or illegality that affects others. It notes the Public Interest Disclosure Act of 1999 protects employees who report issues. The policy aims to encourage open communication, address concerns internally, act as a deterrent to malpractice, and protect whistleblowers from reprisal. It applies to employees, contractors, suppliers, and council members. It covers a wide range of issues and legal/ethical concerns. The organization pledges to treat reports confidentially and not tolerate victimization of whistleblowers.
[MGT353 - Business & Government Relations] Whistle blowinghaiyen261092
This document defines whistleblowing as revealing alleged dishonest or illegal activities occurring in organizations. There are two types of whistleblowers: internal and external. Internal whistleblowers report misconduct within their company, while external whistleblowers report outside the company. Whistleblowing can benefit an organization by improving morality and safety, but can also negatively impact whistleblowers' careers and safety. The document then provides recommendations for organizations to encourage internal whistleblowing, such as creating a formal policy, ensuring top management support, publicizing commitments, thoroughly investigating reports, and assessing the whistleblowing system.
The document discusses whistleblowing, which involves reporting misconduct within an organization. It defines a whistleblower as an employee who reports violations of law, rules, or threats to public interest, such as fraud or health/safety issues. Whistleblowing aims to disclose illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices to those who can enact change. It notes whistleblowing can help address issues like environmental damage and corruption. The document also outlines best practices for whistleblowing policies within organizations to encourage reporting of wrongdoing while protecting whistleblowers.
Here are the options available to the executive and the potential consequences of each:
1. Do nothing. Consequences are ongoing pollution harming the environment and public health. The executive would be complicit.
2. Report internally. The company may ignore or cover up the issue to avoid liability. Pollution continues.
3. Report to state regulators anonymously. Regulators may be unable to prove the claim without a named whistleblower. Pollution continues.
4. Publicly blow the whistle. The executive risks retaliation like firing, lawsuits, harassment. However, this has the best chance of exposing wrongdoing and stopping the pollution.
The executive should publicly blow the whistle. While risky, it is the
This document discusses whistleblowing, including its definition, purpose, types, characteristics of whistleblowers, stages of whistleblowing, guidelines for whistleblowing, potential effects, and legal protections. Whistleblowing involves calling attention to wrongdoing, typically to prevent harm. It aims to draw attention to unethical conduct and protect ethical values over self-interest. Whistleblowers risk retaliation but feel compelled to disclose wrongdoing. Laws like the Whistleblower Protection Act aim to protect those who undertake whistleblowing.
This document discusses whistleblowing, which refers to an individual disclosing unethical, illegal, or illegitimate practices within an organization to the proper authority. It defines whistleblowers as people willing to stand up for ethical and moral rights by pointing out waste, fraud, or wrongdoing. The Whistleblowers Protection Act of 2011 provides protections for whistleblowers against retaliation. The purpose of whistleblowing policies is to encourage employees to disclose any misconduct they become aware of. The document outlines guidelines for whistleblowers when reporting issues and for organizations in handling whistleblower cases.
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge. It questions what knowledge is and how it can be acquired. There are four main sources of knowledge: memory, sense perception, introspection, and reason. Epistemology is important because it provides a framework for understanding how we develop knowledge and thinking. Views of epistemology have evolved from theories of absolute knowledge to ones emphasizing relativity and evolution of knowledge.
Whistle Blowing - steps to mitigate riskShorebird RPO
This webinar has now finished but you can watch the recording the below
This on demand webinar will give an overview of what is whistleblowing, what should be included in a policy and how to manage and mitigate risk.
The benefits of watching this webinar are:
To understand what whistle blowing in the workplace means
To be able to articulate what should be included in a Whistle Blowing Policy
Understand how to manage the process if the whistle is blown
To know how to enhance your current policy and mitigate the risk
This on demand webinar is mainly aimed at: level of seniority, Directors, Senior Managers, HRDs,HR managers and Small business owners.
The document discusses WikiLeaks and the ethics of whistleblowing. It provides background on WikiLeaks and its role in protecting whistleblowers. Issues around the legality and ethics of whistleblowing are examined, such as whether whistleblowers should resolve issues internally first or if exposing wrongdoing is justified even without attempting internal resolution.
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Whistleblowing involves exposing illegal, unethical, or wrongful activities within an organization. It can involve reporting internally to management or externally to parties like the media or law enforcement. Whistleblowers face difficult decisions and potential consequences like damage to their careers or reputations. While whistleblowing helps bring wrongdoing to light, whistleblowers also require protection from retaliation to encourage the reporting of issues.
Whistleblowers are individuals who expose illegal or unethical practices in an organization. The document discusses the characteristics of whistleblowers and provides an example of one. It describes how a JC Penney employee, Blatchford, blew the whistle about accounting irregularities. When the company did not adequately address the issues, he took his concerns to the media. In response, JC Penney fired Blatchford. While he followed his instincts, Blatchford may have gone too far by going public without first contacting government authorities. Whistleblowers need to understand legal protections and proper channels for reporting wrongdoing.
Here are the key steps the Ethics Committee should take based on the audit report:
1. Review the audit report findings that Arun and Smita are in violation of the company's code of conduct.
2. Formally determine that Arun accepting personal gifts from suppliers and Smita misusing company resources for personal gain are unacceptable violations.
3. Notify Arun and Smita in writing of the Ethics Committee's decision and the specific code violations.
4. Schedule meetings with Arun and Smita to discuss the issues, get their perspectives, and hear if they have any mitigating factors to consider.
5. Determine the appropriate disciplinary actions for each case, with options potentially including training
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Whistleblowing involves reporting illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices by an organization. The document discusses the case of Sherron Watkins, who blew the whistle on financial misstatements at Enron. It notes that she sent an anonymous memo to the CEO but later identified herself in a meeting. An investigation found issues with some transactions but did not indicate the CEO's response. The document argues that companies should have whistleblowing policies to encourage internal reporting of issues and protect whistleblowers from retaliation. This allows early reporting of minor problems before they become public and damage the company.
Whistleblowing involves drawing attention to wrongdoing within an organization, such as illegal, unethical, or unsafe practices, and can come from employees or others. It aims to enact desired changes for the public interest by voluntarily reporting non-public information of substantial importance. Effective whistleblowing is characterized by being a moral protest meant to stop harm, rather than a personal complaint, and can occur internally or externally.
Whistleblowing involves drawing public attention to wrongdoing within an organization. Whistleblowers often face reprisals from their employer or colleagues. Laws aim to protect whistleblowers and incentivize whistleblowing to address corruption and misconduct. Whistleblowers can be employees or others who report illegal activities occurring within an organization. Whistleblowing policies outline procedures for reporting issues internally or externally.
3. WHISTLE BLOWING Whistle blowing usually does ,or attempts so expose an action contrary to accepted standards whether from the legal or ethical points of view. At first, the name “Whistle blowing “suggests drawing an analogy to a referee , who blows a whistle to stop the game, call attention to an illegal action and assess a penalty.
4. Background The phrase “whistle blowing” was first used in 1400s.But the modern use of this phrase became common in the late 1960s.. This term is originated from a referee who whistling during foul at the game. Then the use extended as we are using now.
5. Knowing how to blow the whistle It is not easy to be a whistle blower ,because there will be obstacles and retaliation. There also difficulties in convincing the public to believe you. To be a wisdom one , you should be very discrete. “Document everything you do , thoroughly and completely , and keep a log from the day you begin , listing the moves you make and all the people you contact . I did and that is why I survived. ” --------Frank Camps , engineer in the Ford Pinto incident
7. Famous cases Famous cases of whistle-blowing such as the case of shuttle Challenger and the Watergate fame make this term “whistle blowing” more familiar to people. It is only since the space shuttle Challenger tragedy that more attention has been addressed by the media and various professional organizations to the issues and problems associated with whistle-blowing.
8. Famous cases W.Mark Felt, known as “Deep Throat” in the “Watergate fame”, told the journalists the scandals happening in the White House. Roger Boisjoly ,exposed the truth about the disastrous decision about the space shuttle Challenger to the public. A Ernest Fitzgerald ,worked as a U.S. government employee who devoted to fight against fraud, waste and abuse within the department.
9. What to blow? Kinds of actions which are exposed range from personal desire to political corruption , from disputes with neighbors to scandals in a famous organization. Common examples of whistle blowing are when an employee decides that the company is making an unsafe product , or that tax money is being wasted in some fraudulent or flagrant manner.
11. A Whistle blower is the main stakeholder in the whistle blowing activity. is a person who tells the public or someone in authority about alleged dishonest or illegal activities (misconduct) occurring in a government department, a public or private organization, or a company. I think speaking out is one hope for the future . If people care about their jobs and their dignity and their country , they may have to speak out. -------A.Grace Pierce ,researcher at Ortho Pharmaceutical in drug-safety incident
13. WHISTLE BLOWERS WITH Digital Media We are now living in an era where our life is affiliated with digital media . The power of digital media makes more people become whistle blowers because of the characteristics of diversity and advance. Digital media make whistle-blowing easily and effectively. Dilemma : with the help of digital media, whistle blowers can expose information in anonymity, but at the same time, in the digital media world, privacy seems very hard to keep.
14. Whistle blowing with Anonymity Whistle blowers need to think about if anonymity can be assured when they are conducting the whistle-blowing action. Without anonymity , whistle blowers will be faced with punishment or revenge. Whistle blowing becomes much more easily with the help of power of media. On the other hand , media also make whistle blowers easily exposed.
15. Privacy Online When “online” becomes the default setting for everybody in this modern society, privacy seems not simple situation in the world of Internet. Privacy is in a grey area. We are living in a semi-transparent world. Our notion of privacy becomes obscure. Whistle blowers also have difficulties in hiding their private information which they don’t want to be in exposed such as their identities.
16. To blow or not to blow There are many reasons why somebody should blow the whistle or not. Most of these reasons are related to ethical and social issues. “We must guard against confusing the principle of morality with the motive to morality. The first is the norm , the second is the incentive.”------Immanuel Kant ,Critique of Pure Reason
17. Ethical issues As we can see , Whistle blowing is a kind of action which is normally connected to specific group ,organization and departments of governments . Hence, whistle-blowing is a controversial topic in which many aspects will be involved such as social , ethical, political and personal issues. Concerned with ethical issues involved in whistle blowing, whistle blower was a rather controversial label in history.
18. Righteousness Each person may claim a “fully adequate” number of basic rights and liberties, so long as these claims are consistent with everyone else having a claim to the same rights and liberties. Whistle blowing is always labeled with honor of promoting justice. Righteousness is the intention of most whistle blowers who care about interests of other people.
19. Loyalty Whistleblower could be negative label sometimes because it is related to the loyalty. Sometimes whistle blowers are members of the governments ,organizations or companies. Most of them feel some degree of loyalty to their organization.
20. Betrayal Whistle blowing means betrayal in some cases. Betray your commitment to your party and your profession . Betray your team and your colleagues. Betray best friends and family sometimes.
21. Right or wrong It is hard to justify whistle blowing just from the action it self. There are many elements which can be taken as standards for judgement . Among those elements , I think purposes and consequences are the most important.
22. Motivations Motivations of whistle blowing are various. Positive reasons: concern for integrity ,honesty ,safety ,social stability ,environment and so on. Negative reasons : spitefulness ,self-interest ,financial gain, revenge and so on.
23. Motivations In the kantianism theory, it is not the outcomes that decides if this action is wrong or right ,it is the motivation of the action matters. If the motivation can be classified into a universalized maxim , then this action may be right. Whistle blowing is an action that someone tells the illegal or misconduct activities occurring in governments ,organizations or companies to certain authorities or public. Generally, the maxim in this action is doing good to the public and promote the justice in the society. This is a universalized rule which can be seen as “perfect duty”.
24. Conflicts Nevertheless, among all the rules that we have accepted as ethics , there are some conflicts existing in these rules. Sometimes whistle blowers are members of the governments ,organizations or companies. Whistle blowing breaks the rule of loyalty. The conflicts between loyalty rule and justice rule.
25. Outcomes Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism ,which says that the moral worth of an action is determined by its usefulness in maximizing utility and minimizing negative utility. Consequences is a very important standard for deciding if the action is right or wrong. What extent of happiness does whistle blowing bring as a consequence?
26. Right or wrong In the rule utilitarianism theory, the correctness of a rule is determined by the amount of good it brings when followed. When whistle blowing follows the rule of defending justice ,it brings the maximum of happiness . Act utilitarianism is a idea that the right action is the one which produce the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of beings. When whistle blowing is an action which tries to defend majority of people’s benefits ,it will be full of rightness.
27. Social Contract Social contract raised the idea that individuals unite into a society by a process of mutual consent,agree to abide by certain rules and to accept duties to protect one another from violence ,fraud or negligence. We implicitly accept a social contract to bind with the society. Whistle blowing is a form of exemplification of social contract.
28. Right or wrong Whistle blowing is a negative right to those who are exposed doing misconduct. Whistle blowing is a positive right for whistle blowers themselves. Whistle blowing is also a limited rule that have to abide ethical rules and laws.
29. The risks that whistle blowers undertake and the contribution they make bring forward the need for legal protection. Legal protection for whistle blowers vary from country to country. Even with laws’ support, potential whistle blowers still contemplate a difficult path. Legal Protection
30. Legal Protection In the U.S. the first law adopted specifically to protect whistleblowers was the 1863 False Claims Act ,which try to combat fraud by suppliers of the government during the Civil War . Fraud and cover-up is typical scenario of whistle-blowing .The False Claims Act was created to discourage fraud by encouraging people reporting it. The primary protection law is the Federal Whistle Blower Protection Act of 1989.
31. Legal protection In UK, the Public Interest Disclosure Act provides protection for citizens who disclose information to expose malpractice and similar matters. As we can see there are many laws existing for the whistle blowing action , and there are also laws for protecting the confidential information from leaking.
32. Laws for both sides The complicated situation exists because there are adequate laws for both parties. In what degree, the action can be whistle blown legally? And in what degree, leaking the information is immorally and illegally? Laws for encouraging whistle blowing Laws for secrets protection
33. Myth and Truth When whistle blowing is legitimized , abuse of using it happens. Some people may do it for self-interests :retaliation, blackmail, a way for beating opponents. When it is abused, there will be very complicated to find out the truth. Who is the real bad guy?
34. What will you do If you are working in a company or a employee in the government , you find some misconduct going on such as fraud or producing harmful products to the public,what will you do?
35. References Leon W.Zelby ,Whistle-Blowing----- “Somebody Has to Take a Stand” R.M Anderson , Divided loyalties : Whistle Blowing at Bart , Purdue Research Foundation Kevin W.Bowyer ,Goodearl and Aldred Versus Hughes Aircraft: A Whistle-blowing Case Study Richard House ,Anneliese Watt ,Julia M.Williams , teaching Enron : The Rhetoric and Ethics of Whistle-Blowing K.Bowyer ,Ethics and Computing ,living responsibly in a Computerized World Charles Ess ,Digital Media Ethics