2. Bi/multilingualism
Monolingual
What is a monolingual? Where would be find them?
Bilingualism
When an individual speaks 2 languages (bi =2). Mention a few
places? continents?
Multilingual
When an individual speaks more than 2 languages.
Using your own understanding: define
3. Types of bilingualism/Bilingual
individuals
Additive bilingualism
What is it where does it live, what does it look like. Give a few examples.
Subtractive bilingualism
What is it where does it live, what does it look like. Give a few examples.
Natural bilingualism
What is it where does it live, what does it look like. Give a few examples.
WHAT DOES THE FAL CURRICULUM PRESCRIBE?
4. Bi/multilingualism in South Africa
What would a South African bilingual classroom look like?
An analysis of a linguistically diverse class in the South African context.
What is your experience? Examples? Where do we find these classes?
6. Points to ponder
What’s your thoughts on mother tongue education?
What would be a solution for our country?
What is this paper arguing for?
In your opinion, is the argument in this paper outdated? What is different
today.
In your opinion, do we need all eleven languages?
7. References
Banda, F., 2000. The dilemma of the mother tongue: Prospects for bilingual education
in South Africa. Language c ulture and curriculum, 13(1), pp.51-66.
Moradi, H., 2014. An investigation through different types of bilinguals and
bilingualism. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies, 1(2),
pp.147-154.
Pavlenko, A. and Blackledge, A., 2002. Ideologies of language in multilingual contexts.
Special issue. Multilingua, 21(2/3), pp.121-326.
Pluddemann, P., 1997. 'Additive'and'subtractive': Challenges in education for
multilingualism. Per linguam, 13(1).
9. Majority Language
The language spoken by most people in the country. Example?
Minority language
A language spoken by only a few people. Example?
Horizontal Multilingualism:
This type of multilingualism occurs when different tribes speaking different languages occupy
their own space, without mixing with speakers of other languages. Thus at village A, one
language will be spoken, while at the next village, perhaps 100km away, another will be
spoken, and so on. This (rare) type of multilingualism assumes very little mobility for the
local population.
Truncated Multilingualism:
Bits and pieces of a language is used to communicate.
10. Group work
A short presentation
Group 1
What is language?
Group 2
Explain the rules of a language
Group 3
What is an academic language?
Group 4
What are morphological rules?
11. Group 5
What are the six academic language skills learners need?
Group 6
What influences the acquisition of a second language?
Group 7
What does it mean to be proficient in a language?
Group 8
What are BICS and CALP?
